Glehnia littoralis polysaccharides alleviate lung and intestinal mucosal barrier damage in rats with ulcerative colitis via aryl hydrocarbon receptor activation.

This study aimed to investigate the regulatory effects of Glehnia littoralis polysaccharides (GLP) on lung and intestinal mucosal barriers in rats with ulcerative colitis (UC). The results demonstrated that GLP inhibited the levels of TNF-α, IL-6, and MPO in colon tissues, alleviated colonic pathological damage, and reduced the expression of TNF-α, IL-6, IL-1β, and MPO in lung tissues, thereby ameliorating lung injury secondary to intestinal inflammation. Further analysis revealed that GLP restored the integrity of lung and intestinal mucosal barriers by upregulating the expression of mucin, ZO-1, and Occludin.

Deletion of FAM76B histidine-rich region enhances macrophage-mediated osteosarcoma inhibition via liquid-liquid phase separation.

Background: Osteosarcoma (OS), a prevalent malignancy primarily in young individuals, often evades T cell based immunotherapy due to an immunosuppressive myeloid cell-mediated microenvironment. This study investigated the role of FAM76B in OS and its impact on macrophage polarization and tumor immune response.

Methods: We predicted intrinsically disordered regions (IDRs) of FAM76B and explored its phase separation properties in vitro using fluorescence confocal microscopy and fluorescence recovery after photobleaching (FRAP) experiments.

Integrating Temporal and Spatial Dimensions of Alpine Adaptation: Camera-Trap Insights on Bharal () in Giant Panda National Park.

Alpine ungulates exemplify climate vulnerability through their spatiotemporal adaptation strategies, yet integrated analyses of these dimensions remain scarce. Here, we investigated how bharal () in Giant Panda National Park adjusts both time-activity budgets and spatial distributions under extreme seasonal conditions. We deployed a network of 50 infrared cameras along altitudinal transects (3300-4500 m) during summer and winter.

Cell Shock Absorption via Stress Relaxation Hydrogel Microspheres for Alleviating Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress in Chondrocytes.

Chronic mechanical vibrations and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress are major contributors to osteoarthritis (OA) progression. This study proposes a novel "cellular shock absorption" approach by developing viscoelastic hydrogel microspheres with tunable stress relaxation properties. By modulating the chemical bonds in the hydrogel network through oxidation and hydrazine coupling reaction, hydrogel microspheres capable of absorbing shock and reducing mechanical stimulus-induced ER stress in chondrocytes are created.

NiS@MoO@CoO@AMO/NF core-shell heterostructure for high performance alkaline overall water splitting.

The urgent need for bi-functional high-performance non-noble metal-based catalysts for water splitting requires the integration of both oxygen evolution reaction (OER) and hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) together, which not only increases the energy efficiency but also reduces fabrication cost. However, most non-noble metal-based catalysts for OER are not stable under alkaline conditions, while HER shows poor kinetic performance under alkaline conditions, which prevents the water splitting from scale-up applications. Therefore, in this paper, non-noble metal-based catalyst of NiS@MoO@CoO@AMO/NF was prepared by a two-step hydrothermal method followed by a galvanic replacement reaction with morphological characterization, demonstrating that the synthesized material has a core-shell structure.

The molecular axis hnRNPU/circKCNK2/EDC4/IL-11 aggravates osteolytic bone metastasis of RCC.

Bone metastasis, which is associated with adverse outcomes, is a serious health concern for renal cell carcinoma (RCC) patients, especially considering the limited therapeutic options. In this study, we investigated the expression profiling of circRNAs in five primary RCC samples and RCC-bone metastases (Bone Met) using high-throughput screening and identified an upregulated circRNA in Bone Met (hsa_circ_0016459, circKCNK2). Notably, overexpression of circKCNK2 could promote osteoclast differentiation and accelerate the destruction of osteolytic bone metastasis by stimulating IL-11 secretion.

γ-Valerolactone-Enabled Mild Methanolysis of Waste Polyethylene Terephthalate for Efficient Chemical Recycling.

To tackle growing resource and environmental challenges, closed-loop chemical recycling of waste PET is gaining significant attention. Methanolysis demonstrates significant industrial potential due to the ease of separation and purification of its depolymerization product, dimethyl terephthalate (DMT). However, conventional methanolysis processes for PET typically require harsh conditions (>200 °C and 2-4 MPa), highlighting the need for more efficient and milder methods.

Neurovascular coupling dysfunction in encephalopathy: pathophysiological advances and clinical implications.

Neurovascular coupling (NVC) is a sophisticated and vital physiological mechanism that ensures the brain's intricate balance and optimal performance. It refers to the precise coordination between the brain's neural activity and the local cerebral blood flow (CBF), which is essential for meeting the metabolic demands of active neurons. This coupling allows for the efficient delivery of oxygen and nutrients to brain regions experiencing increased activity and facilitates the removal of metabolic waste products.

Design and Tuning of Photocatalytic Properties in MoCN/WCN van der Waals Heterostructure: A DFT Investigation.

Humanity is currently confronted with significant challenges including energy shortages and limited access to clean energy sources. Photocatalytic water splitting for hydrogen production, utilizing two-dimensional van der Waals heterostructures, offers a promising solution to these pressing issues. In this study, we constructed a type-II van der Waals heterostructure of MoCN/WCN, with a lattice mismatch of 0.

The Expression Characteristics of the RBFOX1 Gene in Colorectal Cancer.

IntroductionCopy number variation is a significant characteristic of colorectal cancer progression. RBFOX1 (A2BP1) is the gene with the highest frequency of copy number loss in colorectal cancer, but current research related to it and colorectal cancer is relatively scarce.MethodsData from TCGA and other sources were used to analyze the copy number variation and mRNA expression levels of RBFOX1, as well as their correlation with clinical pathological data.

Structural features and efficacy of polysaccharide EPS22 from Klebsiella sp. S22 in mitigating cisplatin-induced acute kidney injury.

Polysaccharides are a type of natural macromolecular biopolymer with various biological activities. In this study, the structural characteristics and biological activity of a novel polysaccharide EPS22 have been elucidated. EPS22, a homogeneous acidic polysaccharide, was produced by Klebsiella sp.

End-Group Modulation in a High Electron Mobility Y-Series Nonfullerene Acceptor Achieved Based on the DFT Method.

The joining of Y6 has effectively promoted the power conversion efficiency (PCE) of organic solar cells, and the impact of its end-group modification on the PCE is significant. Here, eight different groups are introduced to modify the end-group of Y6, forming eight acceptors named V1, V2, V3, V4, V5, V6, V7, and R. The excited states, light absorption properties, and intermolecular electron transfer are discussed by the density functional theory.

Advanced Materials for Energy Applications: From Fuels to Batteries and Beyond.

The unprecedented challenges of the 21st century energy landscape necessitate a paradigm shift in materials science and engineering [...

PRMT1-Mediated SWI/SNF Complex Recruitment via SMARCC1 Drives IGF2BP2 Transcription to Enhance Carboplatin Resistance in Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma.

Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) is a malignancy with poor prognosis and chemotherapy resistance. Here, protein arginine methyltransferase 1 (PRMT1) is identified as a key driver of carboplatin (CBP) resistance in HNSCC. Analyses of clinical samples, cell lines, patient-derived organoids, and xenograft models reveal that PRMT1 promotes tumor growth and CBP resistance through a novel, methyltransferase-independent mechanism.

Hierarchical interface engineering for advanced magnesium-based hydrogen storage: synergistic effects of structural design and compositional modification.

Interface engineering fundamentally revolutionizes magnesium-based hydrogen storage systems by orchestrating atomic-scale interactions and mass transport pathways through precisely engineered structural architectures and chemical environments. This review presents a paradigm-shifting framework that transcends conventional surface modification approaches, establishing interface engineering as a cornerstone strategy for next-generation hydrogen storage materials. Through sophisticated control of interface architecture - from one-dimensional confined channels that facilitate directional hydrogen diffusion, to two-dimensional platforms that maximize catalytic interactions, to three-dimensional networks that optimize spatial organization - we unlock unprecedented control over hydrogen storage dynamics.

Transcriptome-wide identification of 5-methylcytosine by deaminase and reader protein-assisted sequencing.

5-Methylcytosine (mC) is one of the posttranscriptional modifications in mRNA and is involved in the pathogenesis of various diseases. However, the capacity of existing assays for accurately and comprehensively transcriptome-wide mC mapping still needs improvement. Here, we develop a detection method named DRAM (deaminase and reader protein assisted RNA methylation analysis), in which deaminases (APOBEC1 and TadA-8e) are fused with mC reader proteins (ALYREF and YBX1) to identify the mC sites through deamination events neighboring the methylation sites.

Patterning on Living Tardigrades.

Micro/nanofabrication techniques have revolutionized modern photonics and electronics. However, conventional methods remain incompatible with living organisms due to inherent constraints including nonconformal coating, radiation damage, and toxic solvent requirements. Here, we present ice lithography for direct fabrication of micro/nanoscale patterns on the surfaces of tardigrades in their cryptobiotic state.

Synthesis of Magnetic Biosorbent from Bamboo Powders and Their Application for Methylene Blue Removal from Aqueous Solution: Kinetics, Isotherm, and Regeneration Studies.

Bamboo is known as the "world's second largest forest". The bamboo industry has become a globally recognized green industry, and the research and development of bamboo-based products have huge economic, ecological, and cultural values. In this study, a biosorbent with magnetically sensitive properties was developed based on natural bamboo powders (BPs) for the removal of methylene blue (MB) dye from aqueous solution.

One-Step Solvothermal Synthesis of FeO Acicular Aggregates Induced by Reaction Medium and Urea for Photocatalytic Degradation of Azo Dyes.

Based on the magnetic sensitivity of FeO in various fields, we aimed to propose a one-step solvothermal process for the synthesis of single-phase FeO induced by the reaction medium and urea, avoiding high-temperature reduction in H or N atmospheres. Feasibility was tested with purified water (HO), methyl alcohol (MA), ethyl alcohol (EA), and ethylene glycol (EG) as reaction media. The findings indicated that the solvothermal reaction system utilizing EA was more effective for the synthesis of cubic magnetic FeO.

Optimizing charge pathways by interface engineering in FeO/CoO/Co(PO) heterostructures for superior oxygen evolution reaction.

The Oxygen Evolution Reaction (OER) is vital for energy conversion and storage. This study presents a multi-heterostructure catalyst, FeO/CoO/Co(PO), created by encapsulating Fe ions in COF/MOF pores through grinding and one-step pyrolysis. The catalyst demonstrates exceptional OER performance, achieving an ultra-low overpotential of 232 mV, outperforming the CoO/Co(PO) single heterostructure.

Perioperative enhanced recovery program implementation improves clinical outcomes in patients with ulcerative colitis after total proctocolectomy with ileal pouch-anal anastomosis.

Background: Total proctocolectomy with ileal pouch-anal anastomosis (IPAA) is widely regarded as a definitive surgical option for managing ulcerative colitis (UC). Enhanced recovery programs (ERP) have shown potential in better outcomes following surgery; however, their perioperative benefits in UC patients undergoing IPAA remain insufficiently investigated.

Methods: This study included UC patients who underwent IPAA between January 2008 and September 2023 across multiple affiliated centers within the China UC Pouch Center Union.

Spatially Selective MicroRNA Imaging in Human Colorectal Cancer Tissues Using a Multivariate-Gated Signal Amplification Nanosensor.

MicroRNA (miRNA) is involved in the genesis in viand development of colorectal cancer. The in vivo imaging of miRNA at the tumor sites is essential for understanding its role in colorectal cancer pathology and therapeutic target identification. However, achieving accurate imaging of miRNA at the tumor sites is hindered by the low abundance of miRNAs in tumor cells and nonspecific signal leakage in normal tissues.

Multiexposure Grayscale Patterns with Low-Energy Electrons.

High-energy electron beam exposure is generally recognized as the standard for achieving high-precision nanofabrication. Low-energy electron beam exposure techniques offer advantages in 3D manufacturing; however, they have received limited attention in traditional processes due to precision limitations and insufficient exposure, leading to an underestimation of their potential. In this article, we introduce a nanofabrication strategy using low-energy electrons in ice-assisted electron-beam lithography (iEBL) alleviating the compatibility issue between resolution and quasi-3D manufacturing.