Association Between Fixed-Dose Combination Use and Medication Adherence, Health Care Utilization, and Costs Among Medicaid Beneficiaries.

Background: Fixed-dose combination (FDC) antihypertensives combine two or more agents. Compared with non-FDC antihypertensives of multiple classes (multi-pill therapy), combination-pill therapy using FDC antihypertensives may improve hypertension control. However, combination-pill therapy remains low.

Pd-Catalyzed One-Pot Synthesis of Indole-3-carboxylic Acids via a Sequential Water-Mediated Nucleophilic Addition to Amides/Esters and Carbon-Heteroatom Cross-Coupling Reaction Strategy.

Using 4-bromoindole-3-carboxylic acid derivatives (amides or esters) as substrates, this paper successfully developed a trace water-promoted, palladium-catalyzed "one-pot" reaction strategy for synthesizing 4-amino/alkoxyindole-3-carboxylic acid products. With PdCl (5 mol %) as the precatalyst, Xantphos as the ligand, and cesium pivalate as the additive, this synthetic method innovatively integrates nucleophilic substitution of amides/esters with Pd-catalyzed C-N or C-O cross-coupling into a single reaction system, achieving efficient synergy of multistep transformations. This approach facilitates a modular and rapid assembly of multisubstituted indole-3-carboxylic acids, exhibiting broad functional group compatibility while maintaining good reaction yields.

Design, Synthesis, Antifungal Evaluation, and Quantitative Structure-Activity Relationship of Novel Indole Derivatives Containing the Imidazo[2,1-]thiazole Moiety against Phytopathogenic Fungi.

Fungal pathogens severely impair the essential physiological and biochemical processes of plants, triggering infections, undermining plant vitality, and ultimately leading to diminished agricultural productivity. To explore new and efficient antifungal agents to deal with the serious destruction of important silvicultural species, a series of new indole derivatives containing the imidazo[2,1-]heterocycle were designed and synthesized, and their antifungal activities against several fungal species, such as , , , , , were evaluated by the mycelial growth rate method. The results showed that the EC of DL-21 reached 4.

Health Care Encounters and Expenditures Among Children With Diagnosed Tic Disorders and Co-Occurring Disorders, 2022.

Objective: This study aimed to use claims data to calculate incremental 2022 health care expenditure estimates for children with tic disorders relative to children without tic disorders.

Methods: Children ages 6-17 years with tic disorders were identified in the Merative MarketScan Multi-State Medicaid (N=6,277) and MarketScan Commercial (employer-sponsored insurance [ESI]; N=6,955) databases via inpatient and outpatient claims and were compared with children without tic disorders, matched at a 1:8 ratio on age, sex, and coverage type. Presence of 12 types of co-occurring disorders was identified.

Unveiling research landscapes in erectile dysfunction: a bibliometric analysis comparing basic scientific research and clinical studies.

Introduction: Erectile dysfunction (ED) is a highly prevalent male sexual disorders, affecting million of men worldwide. Given the volume of literature in ED, bibliometric analyses will provide an important resource to highlight landmark articles.

Objectives: To evaluate the publication trends and impacts between basic scientific research and clinical studies through bibliometric analysis of ED literature between 1998 and 2023.

Near-infrared photobiomodulation therapy for age-related erectile dysfunction: molecular and physiological restoration in a mouse model.

Age-related erectile dysfunction (ARED) represents a significant clinical challenge due to the interplay between chronic comorbidities and age-related physiological decline. This study investigated the therapeutic potential of near-infrared photobiomodulation therapy (NIR-PBMT) in ARED mice, focusing on molecular and physiological mechanisms of complex erectile function restoration. Aged mice received NIR-PBMT (4 J cm-2) every 48 h for 2 weeks.

Expression of marker genes to assess the spermatogenic capacity in patients with idiopathic non-obstructive azoospermia.

Purpose: To develop a robust quantitative method for assessing testicular spermatogenic capacity in patients with idiopathic non-obstructive azoospermia (iNOA), leveraging single-cell RNA sequencing to enhance diagnostic precision and inform personalized treatment strategies.

Materials And Methods: This study involved the classification of 18 iNOA patients, encompassing nearly 4000 single cells, into discrete groups based on their gene expression profiles and histological features. We developed a spermatogenesis scoring system that correlates with the expression levels of spermatogenesis-related genes.

Palladium-Catalyzed Gem-Diborylalkylation of Silyl Enol Ethers and N-Vinylacetamide via Diboryl Carbon-Centered Radicals.

Herein, a palladium-catalyzed coupling of gem-iododiborylalkanes with electron-rich olefins to access β,β-diboryl ketones and aldehydes under mild conditions is reported. This method exhibits broad substrate scope and excellent functional group tolerance. Mechanistic studies support a distinctive pathway involving gem-diboryl carbon-centered radicals and a Pd(0)/Pd(I) catalytic cycle, without the formation of Pd(II) intermediates.

Observation of Chiral Topological Transfer in a Non-Hermitian Photonic Lattice.

Topological photonic states have garnered a wide range of research interest in photonics due to their robustness against disorders and imperfections. Here, we present a novel topological chiral transfer effect by combining topological pumping and dynamical mode braiding in non-Hermitian photonic lattices. Unlike conventional topological pumping, the transfer of topological edge states (TESs) exhibits dual asymmetry in both the input edge and propagation direction selections.

Production of copper nanoparticles using genetically engineered Komagataella phaffii.

With the increasing application of copper nanoparticles (CuNPs) as antibacterial agents, numerous studies have emerged in recent years focusing on their preparation and utilization. However, the existing physical and chemical processes for CuNPs synthesis are complex and environmentally hazardous, creating a demand for greener alternatives. Komagataella phaffii has been recognized as a cost-effective system for metal biosorption.

Pd(II)-catalyzed domino C-H addition/Heck reaction for stereoselective 3-alkylideneoxindole synthesis.

3-Alkylideneoxindole derivatives, which constitute the core structural framework of current pharmaceuticals, are widely present as bioactive components in numerous natural molecules. Herein, a Pd-catalyzed cascade synthetic method for the construction of 3-alkylideneoxindoles has been developed, and the reaction sequence comprises aryl C-H activation/intramolecular carbopalladation/Heck cross-coupling. Utilizing 10 mol% Pd(OAc) as the catalyst, 2 equiv.

Dual-Parameter Hypoxia Sensing in Spermatozoa: A Transformative Nitroreductase/Viscosity Fluorescent Probe Unravels Metabolic Dysregulation Biomarkers for Andrological Diagnostics.

Sperm energy metabolism, including oxidative phosphorylation and glycolysis, is critical for sperm function. Environmental stressors like hypoxia can disrupt metabolic activities, potentially leading to fertilization failure. As an NADH-dependent flavin reductase, altered nitroreductase (NTR) levels may reflect hypoxic metabolic abnormalities.

Technological advancement spurs Komagataella phaffii as a next-generation platform for sustainable biomanufacturing.

Biomanufacturing stands as a cornerstone of sustainable industrial development, necessitating a shift toward non-food carbon feedstocks to alleviate agricultural resource competition and advance a circular bioeconomy. Methanol, a renewable one‑carbon substrate, has emerged as a pivotal candidate due to its abundance, cost-effectiveness, and high reduction potential, further bolstered by breakthroughs in CO₂ hydrogenation-based synthesis. Capitalizing on this momentum, the methylotrophic yeast Komagataella phaffii has undergone transformative technological upgrades, evolving from a conventional protein expression workhorse into an intelligent bioproduction chassis.

Alterations in Semen Quality and Immune-Related Factors in Men with Infertility who Recovered from COVID-19.

The emergence of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has triggered research into its impact on male reproductive health. However, studies exploring the effects of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) on semen quality in infertile men remain limited. Herein, we enrolled 781 male infertile patients who recovered from COVID-19 and analyzed their semen and blood samples collected at different time points.

Diastereoselective Synthesis of Boryl-Substituted Vinylcyclopropanes via Deborylative Cyclization of Geminal Diboron Compounds.

Herein we report a diastereoselective synthesis of boryl-substituted vinylcyclopropanes, a class of highly valuable synthetic building blocks, via deborylative cyclization of geminal diboron compounds. The method exhibits broad functional group tolerance and accommodates diverse alkyl and aryl α-substituents. The diastereoselectivity is primarily governed by the α-substituent (alkyl vs aryl), while olefin geometry in the side chain has a secondary influence.

Ultrasonic measurement of acetabular alpha angle to evaluate developmental dysplasia of the hip: differences between AIUM guideline and European consensus.

Purpose: To clarify the difference between the alpha angles measured by European method and by AIUM method.

Materials And Methods: In this prospective study, infants less than 6-month-old with clinical suspicion of DDH were enrolled from the pediatric outpatient service in a large provincial teaching hospital from October 2022 to October 2023. The hips were examined according to the protocols described by AIUM guideline and by European consensus.

Synthesis of -Diborylcyclopropyl Ketones via Conjugate Addition of Chlorodiborylmethane to α,β-Unsaturated Ketones.

The carbanion derived from chlorodiborylmethane can act as a soft nucleophile, while the halogen substituent can subsequently function as a leaving group. Taking advantage of this feature, we herein have developed an efficient synthesis of -diborylcyclopropyl ketones from a diverse range of enone substrates. We also demonstrated the synthetic utility of this protocol by leveraging the highly transformable nature of the cyclopropyl moiety and the C-B bonds.

An Ecological Analysis of HPV Vaccination in the United States Before and During the COVID-19 Pandemic by Age, Sex, and Urbanicity Using Private Insurance Claims Data.

Introduction: We aim to assess HPV vaccine administration among privately insured populations before and during the COVID-19 pandemic in the United States and stratify the assessments by demographic and geographic characteristics.

Methods: Using the Merative MarketScan Commercial Claims and Encounters Database, we estimated monthly and yearly HPV vaccine administration among people aged 9-26 from 2019 to 2022, measured as the proportion of the enrolled population who received ≥ 1 dose of HPV vaccine during that month or year, and their relative percent change from 2020 to 2022, compared to the same period in 2019, overall and stratified by age group, sex, and urbanicity.

Results: HPV vaccine administration in 2020, 2021, and 2022 was lower than in 2019 and continued to decline for all age groups.

Microdissection testicular sperm extraction for men with nonobstructive azoospermia who have a testicular tumor in situ at the time of sperm retrieval.

Oncological microdissection testicular sperm extraction (onco-micro-TESE) represents a significant breakthrough for patients with nonobstructive azoospermia (NOA) and a concomitant in situ testicular tumor, to be managed at the time of sperm retrieval. Onco-micro-TESE addresses the dual objectives of treating both infertility and the testicular tumor simultaneously. The technique is intricate, necessitating a comprehensive understanding of testicular anatomy, physiology, tumor biology, and advanced microsurgical methods.

Use of the Ultrasound Bone Maturity Indexes to Assess Whether Children Have Reached Their Final Height.

Objective: Ultrasound bone maturity indexes were used to assess whether children had reached their final height.

Methods: The follow-up study was performed between January 2022 and August 2024. Ultrasound bone maturity indexes, including the ossification ratio of the radius, ulna, and femur, and skeletal maturity score (SMS, the sum of the ossification ratio of the above three bones multiplied by 100), were collected from medical records, along with the children's age and height.

Anatomical considerations, testicular, and scrotal anatomy of nonobstructive azoospermia patients.

Infertility, defined as the inability to conceive after 1 year of regular unprotected intercourse, impacts 10%-20% of couples globally. Both male and female factors contribute equally to this condition. Azoospermia, particularly nonobstructive azoospermia (NOA), which affects 10%-15% of infertile men, represents a significant challenge in male infertility.

Effect of long-stranded non-coding RNA-BANCR on the progression of thyroid papillary carcinoma and its mechanism.

Objective: This study aims to investigate the role of BRAF-activated long non-coding RNA (BANCR) in papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) progression and its association with clinical and molecular characteristics.

Methods: Sixteen PTC patients were stratified into four groups (PTC, HT, HT-LNM, and PTC-LNM) based on cervical lymph node metastasis and concurrent Hashimoto's thyroiditis (HT) to explore BANCR expression and its relationship with immune-related factors and tumor microenvironment (TME). Functional assays, including Transwell invasion, colony formation, and CCK8 were performed to evaluate the biological effects of BANCR in PTC cell lines.

Risk factors for renal insufficiency and survival implications after radical nephrectomy and thrombectomy in renal cell carcinoma with tumor thrombus: a systematic review.

Background: Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) with venous tumor thrombus (VTT) is great burden over world. Radical nephrectomy (RN) with thrombectomy seems to be its gold standard operation, which might cause reduction of renal function. The aim of this systematic review was to provide evidence about the incidence, risk factors, possible reasons and influence of renal insufficiency in RCC patients undergoing RN with thrombectomy.

Risk factors for lymphatic leakage following radical cystectomy and pelvic lymph node dissection in patients with muscle-invasive bladder cancer.

Background: Lymphatic leakage is a common complication after radical cystectomy and pelvic lymph node dissection (PLND) for muscle-invasive bladder cancer (MIBC).This study aimed to investigate the risk factors contributing to postoperative lymphatic leakage in patients with MIBC.

Materials And Methods: A total of 534 patients undergoing radical cystectomy and PLND were enrolled in the retrospective study at Peking University Third Hospital from January 2010 to July 2023.

Independent factors associated with intracytoplasmic sperm injection outcomes in patients with complete azoospermia factor c microdeletions.

Study Question: Which independent factors influence ICSI outcomes in patients with complete azoospermia factor c (AZFc) microdeletions?

Summary Answer: In patients with complete AZFc microdeletions, the sperm source, male LH, the type of infertility in women, and maternal age are the independent factors associated with ICSI outcomes.

What Is Known Already: AZF microdeletions are the second most prevalent factor contributing to infertility in men, with AZFc microdeletions being the most frequently affected locus, accounting for 60-70% of all cases. The primary clinical phenotypes are oligoasthenozoospermia and azoospermia in patients with complete AZFc microdeletions.