Palladium-Catalyzed Gem-Diborylalkylation of Silyl Enol Ethers and N-Vinylacetamide via Diboryl Carbon-Centered Radicals.

Herein, a palladium-catalyzed coupling of gem-iododiborylalkanes with electron-rich olefins to access β,β-diboryl ketones and aldehydes under mild conditions is reported. This method exhibits broad substrate scope and excellent functional group tolerance. Mechanistic studies support a distinctive pathway involving gem-diboryl carbon-centered radicals and a Pd(0)/Pd(I) catalytic cycle, without the formation of Pd(II) intermediates.

Advances in the diagnosis and management of clinically significant portal hypertension in cirrhosis: A narrative review.

Clinically significant Portal hypertension (PH), defined by a hepatic venous pressure gradient (HVPG) greater than 10 mmHg, is a key predictor of decompensation events in cirrhosis, leading to variceal hemorrhage, ascites, and hepatic encephalopathy. This narrative review explores the pathophysiology of PH in cirrhosis, evaluates diagnostic methods for identifying clinically significant PH (CSPH), and discusses guideline-driven strategies to prevent initial and further decompensation. While HVPG remains the gold standard for diagnosing CSPH, non-invasive tools such as liver stiffness measurement and spleen stiffness measurement are increasingly used for initial risk stratification.

Uridine diphosphate glucuronosyltransferase 1A1 prevents the progression of liver injury.

Background: Uridine diphosphate glucuronosyltransferase 1A1 (UGT1A1) plays a crucial role in metabolizing and detoxifying endogenous and exogenous substances. However, its contribution to the progression of liver damage remains unclear.

Aim: To determine the role and mechanism of UGT1A1 in liver damage progression.

Sulfonamides (SAs) exposure causes neurobehavioral toxicity at environmentally relevant concentrations (ERCs) in early development of zebrafish.

Antibiotics, due to their stability and persistence in the environment, can have chronic impacts on various ecosystems and organisms. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying antibiotic toxicity at environmental concentrations, particularly the neurotoxic effects of sulfonamides (SAs), remain poorly understood. In this study, we assessed the neurotoxicity of six SAs including the sulfadiazine (SD), sulfathiazole (ST), sulfamethoxazole (SMX), sulfisoxazole (SIZ), sulfapyridine (SPD), and sulfadimethoxine (SDM) by exposing zebrafish to environmentally relevant concentrations (ERCs).

Fibulin2: a negative regulator of BMSC osteogenic differentiation in infected bone fracture healing.

Bone fracture remains a common occurrence, with a population-weighted incidence of approximately 3.21 per 1000. In addition, approximately 2% to 50% of patients with skeletal fractures will develop an infection, one of the causes of disordered bone healing.

K63 Ubiquitination of P21 Can Facilitate Pellino-1 in the Context of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease and Lung Cellular Senescence.

Chronic obstructive pulmonary diseases (COPD) is a kind of age-related, airflow-obstruction disease mostly caused by cigarette smoke. However, the relationship between COPD and lung cellular senescence is still not fully understood. Here, we found silencing Pellino-1 could inhibit the protein level of P21.

Suppressing Non-Radiative Relaxation through Single-Atom Metal Modification for Enhanced Fluorescence Efficiency in Molybdenum Disulfide Quantum Dots.

To enhance the fluorescence efficiency of semiconductor nanocrystal quantum dots (QDs), strategies via enhancing photo-absorption and eliminating non-radiative relaxation have been proposed. In this study, we demonstrate that fluorescence efficiency of molybdenum disulfide quantum dots (MoS QDs) can be enhanced by single-atom metal (Au, Ag, Pt, Cu) modification. Four-fold enhancement of the fluorescence emission of MoS QDs is observed with single-atom Au modification.

Identifying novel therapeutic targets in gastric cancer using genome-wide CRISPR-Cas9 screening.

Genome-scale CRISPR-Cas9 screening technology is a powerful tool to systematically identify genes essential for cancer cell survival. Herein, TKOv3, a genome-scale CRISPR-Cas9 knock-out library, was screened in the gastric cancer (GC) cells, and relevant validation experiments were performed. We obtained 854 essential genes for the AGS cell line, and 184 were novel essential genes.

Radical modulated regioselective difunctionalization of vinyl enynes: tunable access to naphthalen-1(2)-ones and allenic alcohols.

A novel and efficient radical-modulated difunctionalization of vinyl enynes has been disclosed using TEMPO as a radical regulator. Facile access to structurally diverse 3-bromo-naphthalen-1(2)-ones and 4-bromo-allenic alcohols was realized 1,2-addition/1,2-migration or 1,4-addition, respectively. This protocol represents the first example of radical-modulated metal-free difunctionalization of 1,3-enynes with high regioselectivity.

Two new dinor-eudesmane sesquiterpenoids from the roots of .

Two new dinor-eudesmane sesquiterpenoids, named multistalin A (), and multistalin B (), together with three sesquiterpene glycosides (-), and a norlabdane-type diterpene () were isolated from the root extract of Pei. Their structures were elucidated on the basis of spectroscopic analysis including 1D, 2D NMR techniques and HR-ESI-MS. In addition, the cytotoxicity activities of the isolated compounds against selected cancer cells (Hela and A-549) were evaluated by MTT assay.

Comparison of outcomes between neoadjuvant imatinib and upfront surgery in patients with localized rectal GIST: An inverse probability of treatment weighting analysis.

Background And Objectives: This study aimed to compare outcomes between neoadjuvant imatinib and upfront surgery in patients with localized rectal gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GIST) patients.

Methods: Eighty-five patients with localized rectal GIST were divided into two groups: upfront surgery ± adjuvant imatinib (Group A, n = 33) and the neoadjuvant imatinib + surgery + adjuvant imatinib (Group B, n = 52). Baseline characteristics between groups were controlled for with inverse probability of treatment weighting (IPTW) adjusted analysis.

Visible-Light-Induced 1,4-Hydroxysulfonylation of Vinyl Enynes with Sulfonyl Chlorides: The Bridge of Chloride Linking Water and Enynes.

A novel visible-light-induced 1,4-hydroxysulfonylation of vinyl enynes with sulfonyl chlorides has been established, providing a highly efficient protocol to access multisubstituted sulfonyl allenic alcohols. Control experiments and mechanistic studies disclose that the target products result from sequential reactions of hydroxyl and tosyl radicals, among which chloride anion plays a key role to generate the requisite OH, thus bridging water and enynes. Moreover, the vinyl pendant is believed to decisively affect the site-selectivity of hydroxyl radical.

Increased expression of microRNA-26a-5p predicted a poor survival outcome in osteosarcoma patients: An observational study.

MicroRNA (miR)-26a-5p is an oncogene significantly associated with osteosarcoma. We try to evaluate expression of circulating miR-26a-5p in osteosarcoma patients and evaluate its significance.A total of 243 consecutive osteosarcoma patients and 96 healthy participates were enrolled.

Prognostic effect of a novel long noncoding RNA signature and comparison with clinical staging systems for patients with hepatitis B virus-related hepatocellular carcinoma after hepatectomy.

Objectives: We aimed to establish a novel prognostic long noncoding RNA (lncRNA) signature for hepatitis B virus-related hepatocellular carcinoma (HBV-HCC) patients after hepatectomy and to validate its prognostic efficacy compared with other clinical staging systems.

Methods: Expression data of 374 HCC samples were retrieved from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database. Cox regression analyses were performed to develop the lncRNA model.

Nomogram for predicting pathological complete response and tumor downstaging in patients with locally advanced rectal cancer on the basis of a randomized clinical trial.

Background: Preoperative fluoropyrimidine with radiotherapy was regarded as the standard of care for locally advanced rectal cancer (LARC). The model for predicting pCR in LARC patients was based on standard treatment only. This study aimed to establish a nomogram with pretherapeutic parameters and different neoadjuvant regimens for predicting pathologic complete response (pCR) and tumor downstaging or good response (ypT0-2N0M0) after receiving neoadjuvant treatment in patients with LARC based on a randomized clinical trial.

Pulmonary pathology of early-phase COVID-19 pneumonia in a patient with a benign lung lesion.

Aims: An ongoing outbreak of 2019 novel coronavirus (CoV) disease (COVID-19), caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) CoV-2, has been spreading in multiple countries. One of the reasons for the rapid spread is that the virus can be transmitted from infected individuals without symptoms. Revealing the pathological features of early-phase COVID-19 pneumonia is important for understanding of its pathogenesis.

Role of Tenascin-X in regulating TGF-β/Smad signaling pathway in pathogenesis of slow transit constipation.

Background: Chronic constipation is a gastrointestinal functional disease that seriously harms physical and mental health and impacts the quality of life of patients. Its incidence rate is 2%-27%. Slow transit constipation (STC) is a common type of chronic functional constipation, accounting for 10.

Surgical outcomes of subtotal colectomy with antiperistaltic caecorectal anastomosis vs total colectomy with ileorectal anastomosis for intractable slow-transit constipation.

Background: Few studies have compared the surgical outcomes of different surgical procedures currently used to treat refractory colonic slow-transit constipation (STC), despite the increase in the number of cases. This study aimed to analyse the long-term surgical outcomes of subtotal colectomy with antiperistaltic caecorectal anastomosis (SC-ACRA) vs total colectomy with ileorectal anastomosis (TC-IRA) for severe STC.

Methods: Between January 2005 and January 2015, we retrospectively collected clinical data of 55 patients who underwent TC-IRA (=35) or SC-ACRA (=20) for severe STC at our institution.

Secondary phosphine oxides stabilized Au/Pd nanoalloys: metal components-controlled regioselective hydrogenation toward phosphinyl (Z)-[3]dendralenes.

A series of gold/palladium nanoalloys stabilized by secondary phosphine oxides have been prepared for the first time. The nanocatalysts exhibit excellent regio- and chemo-selectivity in the hydrogenation of conjugated enynes, providing a mild and highly efficient way to access phosphinyl (Z) and (Z,Z)-[3]dendralenes.

Regulating Fluorescent Aptamer-Sensing Behavior of Zeolitic Imidazolate Framework (ZIF-8) Platform via Lanthanide Ion Doping.

Nanoscale metal-organic frameworks (NMOFs) have been proved to be effective quenching platforms for fluorescent detection of DNA via fluorophore-quencher pairs. Zeolitic imidazolate framework-8 (ZIF-8) is one type of the most promising NMOFs because of its excellent biocompatibility and easy preparation. However, ZIF-8 is rarely used as platforms for fluorescence sensing of DNA because of its bad fluorescence quenching property.

Development of Rectodispersible Tablets and Granulate Capsules for the Treatment of Serious Neonatal Sepsis in Developing Countries.

Current pediatric antibiotic therapies often use oral and parenteral routes of administration. Neither are suitable for treating very sick neonates who cannot take oral medication and may be several hours away from hospital in developing countries. Here, we report on the development of rectal forms of ceftriaxone, a third-generation cephalosporin.

Design, Synthesis, and SAR Studies of Heteroarylpyrimidines and Heteroaryltriazines as CB R Ligands.

Herein we describe the design and synthesis of a new series of heteroarylpyrimidine/heteroaryltriazine derivatives on the basis of quinazoline-2,4(1H,3H)-diones as CB R-selective ligands using a bioisosterism strategy. An acetamide group was explored to displace the enamine linker of the lead compound for the purpose of stereoisomerism elimination and hydrophilicity increase. As a result, some of the synthesized compounds showed high bioactivity and selectivity for CB R in calcium mobilization assays, and four displayed CB R agonist activity, with EC values below 30 nm.

The disseminated intravascular coagulation score is a novel predictor for portal vein thrombosis in cirrhotic patients with hepatitis B.

Background: The development of portal vein thrombosis (PVT) in cirrhotic patients has not been fully elucidated. The disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) score, which is based on readily available and relatively inexpensive coagulation parameters, including platelet count, fibrin-related markers, prothrombin time and fibrinogen, has not been reported regarding PVT development in cirrhotic patients to date. We aimed to evaluate the prognostic value of the DIC score in predicting PVT development in cirrhotic patients with hepatitis B.