PNI as a predictive biomarker: a novel nomogram of immunotherapy efficacy in advanced breast cancer.

Purpose: There has been a persistent upward trend in breast cancer (BC) incidence in recent years. The advancement of immunotherapy has introduced promising therapeutic options. This study focuses on identify potential biomarkers to predict clinical outcomes in advanced BC patients receiving immunotherapy.

Fretting Behavior of Biomimetic-Textured Silicone Rubber Under Varying Wetting Conditions.

A textured surface can significantly enhance the tribological properties of a robotic soft gripper in wet environments. However, external disturbances such as wind, sound waves, water flow, and mechanical vibrations often lead to fretting contact on the soft gripper's surface. This article imitates the toe pad texture of tree frogs, renowned for their strong climbing abilities, to prepare silicone rubber films with hexagonal textures of different sizes and experimentally studies their fretting behavior under both deionized water and silicone oil wetting conditions.

Pd-Catalyzed One-Pot Synthesis of Indole-3-carboxylic Acids via a Sequential Water-Mediated Nucleophilic Addition to Amides/Esters and Carbon-Heteroatom Cross-Coupling Reaction Strategy.

Using 4-bromoindole-3-carboxylic acid derivatives (amides or esters) as substrates, this paper successfully developed a trace water-promoted, palladium-catalyzed "one-pot" reaction strategy for synthesizing 4-amino/alkoxyindole-3-carboxylic acid products. With PdCl (5 mol %) as the precatalyst, Xantphos as the ligand, and cesium pivalate as the additive, this synthetic method innovatively integrates nucleophilic substitution of amides/esters with Pd-catalyzed C-N or C-O cross-coupling into a single reaction system, achieving efficient synergy of multistep transformations. This approach facilitates a modular and rapid assembly of multisubstituted indole-3-carboxylic acids, exhibiting broad functional group compatibility while maintaining good reaction yields.

Direct Intramolecular Chemiexcitation Strategy Enables Sensitive Chemiluminescence Imaging of HOCl in Rheumatoid Arthritis.

As a pivotal pathophysiological biomarker, hypochlorous acid (HOCl) necessitates sensitive detection technologies to resolve its spatiotemporal dynamics in biological systems. Excitation-free chemiluminescent probes circumvent tissue autofluorescence interference intrinsic to fluorescence imaging, thereby enabling high-contrast deep-tissue monitoring. However, current chemiluminescent probes often demand intricate modifications for HOCl recognition, resulting in compromised stability and sensitivity.

[Spatiotemporal Pattern and Driving Mechanism of PM Population Exposure Risk in Urban Agglomerations in China].

At present, China's urban agglomerations are high-risk and high-risk clusters of PM population exposure. Based on the remote sensing data of PM from 2000 to 2021, this study analyzed the temporal and spatial evolution characteristics of PM population exposure risk in urban agglomerations in China by using the population exposure risk model and spatial autocorrelation method and used seven factors such as average temperature, annual precipitation, and per capita GDP as independent variables, combined with geographic detectors and spatiotemporal geographically weighted regression models to explore the spatial differentiation mechanism of PM population exposure risk. The results showed that： ① From 2000 to 2021, the temporal range of PM exposure risk in urban agglomerations in China was small.

Efficacy and safety of camrelizumab plus in the treatment of advanced esophageal squamous cell carcinoma: A single-arm, single-center, exploratory trial.

Background: Esophageal cancer (EC) is the seventh most prevalent cancer and the sixth most common cause of cancer-related mortalities worldwide. Camrelizumab, a monoclonal antibody, has demonstrated moderate efficacy in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC). , a probiotic bacterium, has a complementary effect in immunotherapy.

Electrolyte Evolution for Flexible Energy Storage Systems: From Liquid to Solid, from Rigid to Soft, and from Organic to Aqueous.

With the rapid development of modern electronic devices and the diversification of use scenarios, flexible energy storage systems (FESS) have gained widespread attention as an inseparable part of electronic devices. Electrolyte is considered as one of the most influential components of tremendous scientific and commercial interest in the performance of FESS. Electrolytes are undergoing tremendous structural variations from liquid to solid, rigid to flexible, and organic to aqueous to meet the evolving requirements for FESS.

Preoperative inflammatory status as a positive prognostic factor for triple-negative breast cancer patients receiving neoadjuvant therapy.

The aim of this study was to investigate the ability of preoperative systemic inflammatory status to predict the clinical outcomes of triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) patients who undergo neoadjuvant therapy. This retrospective study included a total of 273 TNBC patients who underwent neoadjuvant therapy at Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital from January 2017 to December 2021. All patients underwent preoperative blood tests, and the following inflammatory and immune indices were calculated for each patient: neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio, platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio, monocyte-to-lymphocyte ratio, systemic immune-inflammatory index, systemic inflammatory response index (SIRI), and advanced lung cancer inflammation index.

Research Note: Isolation and genomic characterization of Avibacterium paragallinarum from the Hubei Province, China.

Infectious coryza (IC), caused by Avibacterium paragallinarum, is a major respiratory disease in chickens. It causes growth retardation in broilers and reduced egg production in layers, ultimately leading to huge economic losses to the poultry industry. In this study, we aimed to investigate the prevalence and genetic characteristics of 12 A.

Effectiveness of mechanical vibration-assisted sputum clearance in pediatric pneumonia: a randomized controlled trial with development of an intelligent parameter optimization model.

Background: Sputum retention in pediatric pneumonia hinders recovery. This study evaluated the therapeutic benefits of incorporating mechanical vibration-assisted sputum clearance (MVSC) as an adjunct to standard pharmacological treatment and developed a nomogram to optimize treatment parameters.

Methods: In this randomized controlled trial, 160 children with pneumonia were randomly assigned (1:1) to a control group receiving pharmacological treatment or a treatment group receiving additional mechanical vibration therapy.

Comprehensive analysis of a real-world cohort identifies geranylgeranyl diphosphate synthase 1 as a predictor of chemoresistance in small cell lung cancer.

A subset of patients with small cell lung cancer (SCLC) exhibit intrinsic resistance to chemotherapy. However, biomarkers that effectively predict this group of patients are still lacking. We previously reported that high geranylgeranyl diphosphate synthase 1 (GGPS1) expression is associated with poor overall survival (OS) in SCLC, and statin combination therapy is effective in overcoming chemoresistance, especially in GGPP-high SCLC.

Chronic exposure to low concentration of metamifop induces reproductive endocrine disruption and courtship behavior disorders in zebrafish (Danio rerio).

Metamifop, an aryloxyphenoxypropionate herbicide, is considered a threat to non-target organisms due to its widespread use and potential toxicity. However, there remains a significant gap in data regarding reproductive endpoints following exposure to metamifop at environmentally relevant concentrations. In this study, metamifop showed a moderate ability to bioconcentrate in zebrafish.

Sustainable Electrochemical Strategy for Selective Double Bond Oxidation in the Presence of Aldehyde Groups with Mo─N─O Catalysts.

Selective oxidation of double bonds in aldehyde-containing molecules is critical for synthesizing multifunctional organic compounds; however, conventional methods struggle to preserve aldehyde integrity due to competitive over-oxidation. Here, an electrochemical strategy is presented that achieves precise double bond oxidation without aldehyde degradation, using hydroperoxyl radicals (OOH) generated by a molybdenum-based catalyst (Mo─N─O). Under mild, energy-efficient conditions (-200 mA), this approach converts cinnamaldehyde to benzaldehyde with complete conversion (100%) and >99% selectivity, outperforming traditional harsh oxidants.

Enantioselection bioactivity disturbances in the photosynthesis of Echinochloa crus-galli caused by flusulfinam, a novel chiral herbicide.

Flusulfinam is a novel chiral herbicide that exists in two stereoisomeric forms. The possible enantioselective effect on Echinochloa crus-galli remains unknown. R-flusulfinam was 7.

Pd(II)-catalyzed domino C-H addition/Heck reaction for stereoselective 3-alkylideneoxindole synthesis.

3-Alkylideneoxindole derivatives, which constitute the core structural framework of current pharmaceuticals, are widely present as bioactive components in numerous natural molecules. Herein, a Pd-catalyzed cascade synthetic method for the construction of 3-alkylideneoxindoles has been developed, and the reaction sequence comprises aryl C-H activation/intramolecular carbopalladation/Heck cross-coupling. Utilizing 10 mol% Pd(OAc) as the catalyst, 2 equiv.

Changes in pulmonary function of CT-guided microwave ablation for patients with pulmonary ground-glass nodules after lobectomy: a retrospective, observation study.

Purpose: This retrospective study aimed to investigate changes in pulmonary function among patients undergoing computed tomography (CT)-guided microwave ablation (MWA) for the treatment of pulmonary ground-glass nodules following lobectomy.

Materials And Methods: Fifty-two patients with pulmonary ground-glass nodules (GGN) who underwent lobectomy and were subsequently diagnosed with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) were included in the study. Pulmonary function tests (PFTs) were conducted at baseline and again 1 month after microwave ablation (MWA).

A Novel Afterglow Molecular Probe for Monitoring of pH and Viscosity in Infected Wounds with Two-Dimensional Signal.

Organic afterglow materials have shown tremendous potential in the field of biomedical imaging. However, reports on small-molecule afterglow probes, particularly those with multitarget detection capabilities, remain limited. Here, we report a novel afterglow molecule probe () that effectively responds to changes in pH and viscosity during wound infection, based on a two-dimensional (2D) signal.

Dynamic volume compensation realizing Ah-level all-solid-state silicon-sulfur batteries.

State-of-the-art lithium-ion batteries incorporating silicon negative electrodes face significant challenges due to the volume fluctuations that occurs during cycling, leading to enormous internal stress and eventual battery failure. Notably, existing research predominantly focuses on material-level solutions, with limited exploration of effective cell design strategies. Herein, we present a systematic implementation of a Stress-Neutralized Si-S full cell design that leverages the natural volume change dynamics of silicon and sulfur electrodes.

Tunable structural and optical properties of BiSeTe thin films: implications for nonlinear optical applications.

In this work, we successfully fabricated a series of BiSeTe thin films with similar thickness using radio-frequency magnetron sputtering. The influence of elemental composition on the films' structure, optical constants, optical band gap, and nonlinear absorption properties was studied by techniques such as X-ray diffraction, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, Raman spectroscopy, spectroscopic ellipsometry, spectrophotometry, and open-aperture Z-scan. Linear optical property measurements indicate that as the proportion of Te increases, the metallic characteristics of the films are enhanced, which is reflected in a decrease in the refractive index, an increase in the extinction coefficient, and a redshift of the optical bandgap.

Dual Doping of N and F on CoO to Activate the Lattice Oxygen for Efficient and Robust Oxygen Evolution Reaction.

The oxygen evolution reaction (OER) is a pivotal process in numerous renewable energy conversion technologies. However, its sluggish intrinsic kinetics and intricate transfer process impede the efficient conversion of energy. Activating the lattice oxygen mechanism (LOM) is of paramount importance to break through the theoretical scaling relationship and boost the oxygen evolution catalytic activity.

GXU087 secretes indole - 3 - lactic acid to promote soybean growth and nodulation.

species are recognized as plant growth-promoting bacteria (PGPB), yet the mechanisms behind their crop growth promotion remain elusive. This study is designed to explore the plant growth-promoting (PGP) effects of GXU087 on soybeans and to uncover the underlying mechanism. , GXU087 exhibited various PGP traits, including phosphate solubilization, nitrogen fixation, production of exopolysaccharide, and biofilm formation.

Identification of SepF in Streptococcus suis involving cell division.

Background: Streptococcus suis (S. suis) is a major zoonotic pathogen that infects humans and pigs. The increasing emergence and dissemination of antibiotic resistance bacteria accelerates the urgent need to develop novel drug targets.

Al Doping Effect on Enhancement of Nonlinear Optical Absorption in Amorphous BiTe Thin Films.

Bismuth telluride (BiTe) has attracted significant attention due to its broadband ultrafast optical response and strong nonlinearity at high laser fluence in the field of optoelectronic materials. The objective of this work is to study the effect of Al doping on the structure, linear optical properties, and nonlinear optical absorption behavior of BiTe thin films. The amorphous Al-doped BiTe thin films with varying Al doping concentrations were prepared using magnetron co-sputtering.

Basing target enzyme study the enantioselective bioactivity action mechanism of flusulfinam, a novel HPPD inhibitor herbicide.

Flusulfinam is a novel chiral amide herbicide widely used for controlling annual weeds in rice paddies. However, the mechanism underlying their enantioselective herbicidal activity remain unclear. Herein, it was found that flusulfinam enantiomers, similar to typical HPPD inhibitor mesotrione, reduced chlorophyll and carotenoid levels, decreased HPPD enzyme activity, and upregulated gene expression.

An MOF-Based Single-Molecule Propylene Nanotrap for Benchmark Propylene Capture from Ethylene.

Highly selective capture and separation of propylene (CH) from ethylene (CH) presents one of the most crucial processes to obtain pure CH in the petrochemical industry. The separation performance of current physisorbents is commonly limited by insufficient CH binding affinity, resulting in poor low-pressure CH uptakes or inadequate CH/CH selectivities. Herein, we realize a unique single-molecule CH nanotrap in an ultramicroporous MOF material (Co(pyz)[Pd(CN)], ZJU-74a-Pd), exhibiting the benchmark CH capture capacity at low-pressure regions.