The predictive value of TyG index in patients with vertebrobasilar system thrombectomy.

Introduction: The triglyceride-glucose (TyG) index, a robust surrogate marker of metabolic dysregulation reflecting both insulin resistance and lipid-glucose homeostasis, has emerged as a significant predictor of cerebrovascular outcomes. Given the critical role of metabolic-nutritional status in post-stroke recovery, we supposed that the TyG index may predict the prognosis of ischemic stroke patients who underwent thrombectomy in the posterior circulation.

Methods: We studied 60 patients with cerebral infarction who underwent emergency posterior circulation interventional thrombectomy at a comprehensive stroke center from January 2018 to July 2024.

Perfluorodecanoic Acid (PFDA) Disrupts Immune Regulation via the Toll-like Receptor Signaling Pathway in Zebrafish.

As there are a growing number of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) alternative substitutes applied globally, it remains paramount to characterize their potential health risks. Perfluorodecanoic acid (PFDA) is the most common alternative PFAS detected in the environment; however, its toxic effects and underlying mechanism of action to aquatic biota remains unclear. In this study, we present evidence of PFDA-induced immunotoxicity and gain insight into underlying molecular mechanisms.

Perfluorodecanesulfonate (PFDS) induces innate immune toxicity through the NF-κB pathway in early life stage zebrafish.

Perfluorodecanesulfonate (PFDS), a long-chain polyfluoroalkyl substance (PFAS), is widely detected in aquatic environments and increasingly recognized for its environmental persistence and bioaccumulative potential; however, its immunotoxicity remains poorly understood in aquatic biota. In this study, early life stage zebrafish (Danio rerio) were exposed to environmentally relevant concentrations of PFDS and PFOS for 120 h to better characterize the adverse effects of PFDS on aquatic organisms. Additionally, the toxicological differences between PFDS and PFOS at the same exposure concentrations were compared, as PFDS is a known substitute for PFOS.

High-Throughput Screening Identifies Bisphenol P as a Potent Cardiotoxin, Inducing Cardiotoxicity through Apoptosis and the NF-κB Pathway.

The increasing use of plastic additives, particularly bisphenols (BPs), has raised significant concerns about their potential risks to human health, especially during critical developmental stages. In this study, we developed a novel high-throughput toxicity screening platform using zebrafish () to identify and prioritize chemicals with cardiotoxic potential, which is based on multidimensional exposure pathways ranging from environmental to human levels. The platform quantitatively assesses heart rate changes based on multilevel exposure pathways (environmental, ecological, and human), effectively prioritizing the most relevant cardiotoxic compounds with potential health risks.

Clinical effects of stannous fluoride dentifrice on peri-implant mucositis, plaque microbiome, and oxidative stress.

Purpose: This single-center, single-treatment, 4-week study evaluated the efficacy of a stannous fluoride (SnF₂) dentifrice in reducing peri-implant mucositis while assessing changes in biomarkers and the oral microbiome profile.

Methods: 24 healthy participants 18 years of age or older with osseointegrated implants were included, with 19 participants having mucositis and five without mucositis. The non-mucositis participants served as a reference group for microbiome and biomarker assessments (baseline comparison).

Engineered food-derived hesperetin as heterojunction photosensitizer for inhibiting Staphylococcus aureus and degrading patulin, and its application in perishable strawberries.

The potential contamination, including microbial and mycotoxin infection, may escape from the naked eye, posing great threats to food products. Recently, photodynamic inactivation (PDI)-based technology particular has received particular attention because of their high safety. Herein, food-derived hesperetin (Hst) was innovatively introduced as an esculent photosensitizer, engineering with food-grade TiO nanoparticles (NPs) to form an organic-inorganic heterojunction structure.

Immunotoxic response of bio-based plastic on early life stage zebrafish (Danio rerio): A safe alternative to petroleum-based plastics?

Bio-based plastics are marketed as environmentally friendly alternatives to petroleum-based plastics, although they require specific composting conditions for degradation, which leads to their accumulation in the environment and potential risks to aquatic organisms. We hypothesized that the accumulation of bio-based plastics may induce immunotoxic responses in fish. Our research focused on the accumulation and immunotoxicity of 80 nm polylactic acid (PLA) and polystyrene (PS) (0.

Lipolysis engages CD36 to promote ZBP1-mediated necroptosis-impairing lung regeneration in COPD.

Lung parenchyma destruction represents a severe condition commonly found in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), a leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Promoting lung regeneration is crucial for achieving clinical improvement. However, no therapeutic drugs are approved to improve the regeneration capacity due to incomplete understanding of the underlying pathogenic mechanisms.

Occurrence, distribution, and correlation of antibiotics in the aquatic ecosystem of Poyang Lake Basin, China.

The widespread existence and persistence of antibiotics in the aquatic environment, and their extensive ecological risks, have attracted considerable attention. The objective of this study was to evaluate the occurrence and distribution of 25 antibiotics in environmental and biological samples from Poyang Lake Basin in China. SPE-HPLC-MS/MS was used to quantify the concentrations in different matrices.

Mice fatal pneumonia model induced by less-virulent via intratracheal aerosolization.

Animal models of fatal pneumonia caused by () have not been reliably generated using many strains of less virulent serotypes. Pulmonary infection of a less virulent serotype1 strain in the immunocompetent mice was established via the intratracheal aerosolization (ITA) route. The survival, local and systemic bacterial spread, pathological changes and inflammatory responses of this model were compared with those of mice challenged via the intratracheal instillation, intranasal instillation and intraperitoneal injection routes.

Computational prediction and experimental validation identify functionally conserved lncRNAs from zebrafish to human.

Functional studies of long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) have been hindered by the lack of methods to assess their evolution. Here we present lncRNA Homology Explorer (lncHOME), a computational pipeline that identifies a unique class of long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) with conserved genomic locations and patterns of RNA-binding protein (RBP) binding sites (coPARSE-lncRNAs). Remarkably, several hundred human coPARSE-lncRNAs can be evolutionarily traced to zebrafish.

Maternal or Paternal Antibiotics? Intergenerational Transmission and Reproductive Toxicity in Zebrafish.

Despite the known direct toxicity of various antibiotics to aquatic organisms, the potential chronic impact through intergenerational transmission on reproduction remains elusive. Here, we exposed zebrafish to a mixture of 15 commonly consumed antibiotics at environmentally relevant concentrations (1 and 100 μg L) with a cross-mating design. A high accumulation of antibiotics was detected in the ovary (up to 904.

Hepatotoxic response of perfluorooctane sulfonamide (PFOSA) in early life stage zebrafish (Danio rerio) is greater than perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS).

Perfluorooctane sulfonamide (PFOSA), a typical perfluorooctane sulfonate precursor (PreFOS), has been detected in the aquatic environment globally. However, the effects of PFOSA at levels measured in the environment have not been well characterized in aquatic organisms. In this study, we evaluated the transcriptional, biochemical, histopathological, and morphological effects of PFOSA to characterize the underlying mechanisms of toxicity by using a universal model in aquatic ecotoxicology, zebrafish (Danio rerio).

Molecular Characteristics and Genetic Analysis of Extensively Drug-Resistant Isolates with different Tn3 Mobile Genetic Elements.

Extensively drug-resistant (XDR) bacteria are the main caues for causing clinical infectious diseases. Our aim was to distinguish the present molecular epidemiological situation of XDR Klebsiella pneumoniae, Acinetobacter baumannii, and Escherichia coli isolates recovered from local hospitals in Changzhou. Antibiotic susceptibility and phenotypic analysis, multilocus sequence typing and Pulsed Field Gel Electrophoresis were performed to trace these isolates.

Poly- and Perfluoroalkyl Substances Induce Immunotoxicity via the TLR Pathway in Zebrafish: Links to Carbon Chain Length.

Previous studies have reported the immunotoxicity of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs), but it remains a significant challenge to assess over 10,000 distinct PFASs registered in the distributed structure-searchable toxicity (DSSTox) database. We aim to reveal the mechanisms of immunotoxicity of different PFASs and hypothesize that PFAS immunotoxicity is dependent on the carbon chain length. Perfluorobutanesulfonic acid (PFBA), perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA), and perfluorononanoic acid (PFNA) representing different carbon chain lengths (4-9) at environmentally relevant levels strongly reduced the host's antibacterial ability during the zebrafish's early-life stage.

Inhalable vaccine of bacterial culture supernatant extract mediates protection against fatal pulmonary anthrax.

Pulmonary anthrax is the most fatal clinical form of anthrax and currently available injectable vaccines do not provide adequate protection against it. Hence, next-generation vaccines that effectively induce immunity against pulmonary anthrax are urgently needed. In the present study, we prepared an attenuated and low protease activity strain A16R-5.

Time-Course Transcriptome Analysis of the Lungs of Mice Challenged with Aerosols of Methicillin-Resistant USA300 Clone Reveals Inflammatory Balance.

USA300, a dominant clone of community-acquired methicillin-resistant (CA-MRSA), is circulating globally and can cause necrotizing pneumonia with high morbidity and mortality. To further reveal the host anti-MRSA infection immune response, we established a mouse model of acute primary MRSA pneumonia challenged with aerosols of the USA300 clone. A time-course transcriptome analysis of the lungs collected at 0, 12, 24, 48 and 96 h post-infection (hpi) was conducted using RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) and multiple bioinformatic analysis methods.

Cellular and Molecular Mechanisms in Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis.

The respiratory system is a well-organized multicellular organ, and disruption of cellular homeostasis or abnormal tissue repair caused by genetic deficiency and exposure to risk factors lead to life-threatening pulmonary disease including idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF). Although there is no clear etiology as the name reflected, its pathological progress is closely related to uncoordinated cellular and molecular signals. Here, we review the advances in our understanding of the role of lung tissue cells in IPF pathology including epithelial cells, mesenchymal stem cells, fibroblasts, immune cells, and endothelial cells.

Pupal Diapause Termination and Transcriptional Response of (Lepidoptera: Saturniidae) Triggered by 20-Hydroxyecdysone.

The pupal diapause of univoltine hampers sericultural and biotechnological applications, which requires a high eclosion incidence after artificial diapause termination to ensure production of enough eggs. The effect of pupal diapause termination using 20-hydroxyecdysone (20E) on the eclosion incidence has not been well-documented in . Here, the dosage of injected 20E was optimized to efficiently terminate pupal diapause of , showing that inappropriate dosage of 20E can cause pupal lethality and a low eclosion incidence.

Controlling CRISPR-Cas9 by guide RNA engineering.

The clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR) system is a product of million years of evolution by microbes to fight against invading genetic materials. Around 10 years ago, scientists started to repurpose the CRISPR as genetic tools by molecular engineering approaches. The guide RNA provides a versatile and unique platform for the innovation to improve and expand the application of CRISPR-Cas9 system.

A framework to mitigate the risk of chemical leukoderma: Consumer products.

Chemical leukoderma is an acquired depigmentation of the skin caused by repeated exposure to specific agents damaging to epidermal melanocytes. Case reports of chemical leukoderma have been associated with some consumer products. To date, there are no well-accepted approaches for evaluating and minimizing this risk.