Association between dietary fiber intake and gallstones among American adults: a cross-sectional study.

Background: Limited research has been conducted on the effects of dietary fiber (DF) intake on gallstones. We aimed to investigate the actual DF intake in a nationally representative sample in the United States (US) and explore its association with gallstones.

Methods: We used data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey database, including the 2017-2020 and 2021-2023 cycles.

Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetic Evaluation of a Novel RNase H2 Inhibitor for the Treatment of Triple-Negative Breast Cancer.

A thorough understanding of pharmacokinetics and metabolism is critical during early drug development. This study investigates the absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion (ADME) profile of R14, a novel compound, using a combination of in vitro and in vivo approaches. In vitro studies included Caco-2 permeability assays, metabolic stability evaluations in liver microsomes and hepatocytes, and identification of CYP isoforms responsible for R14 metabolism.

Biopharmaceutical Factors Involved in the Disposition of Mycophenolic Acid: A Comprehensive Review of ADME Properties and Their Potential Impact on Mycophenolic Acid Plasma Exposure.

Mycophenolic acid (MPA) is an approved drug widely used as an immunosuppressant agent for the prevention of rejection in organ transplant patients and for managing various autoimmune disorders. Pharma-cological studies have shown that the plasma exposure of MPA is critical to to maintaining its efficacy, leading to a significant focus on MPA therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM) in clinical practice. Additionally, many papers have been published regarding MPA's absorption, distribution, metabolism, and elimination (ADME) characteristics, which are the key disposition factors affecting the plasma exposure of MPA.

NIR-driven dual enzyme-like activity of CuS@CeO modified thermally enhanced hydrogel for antibacterial therapy and wound healing.

In bacterial wound healing, continuous controlled oxygen delivery to injured tissue, coupled with bacterial elimination and inflammation reduction, is crucial for promoting tissue regeneration and repair. To address this, we designed a multimodal synergistic treatment strategy based on nanozymes to enable oxygen-controlled release while achieving antibacterial and anti-inflammatory effects. We developed a polydopamine-hyaluronic acid (PDA-HA) hydrogel composite system incorporating CuS NPs and CeO₂ nanozymes.

Latent profile analysis of nurses' moral resilience and its influencing factors.

BackgroundNurses often face complex moral distress in clinical practice, where maintaining emotional stability and making moral decisions under pressure is crucial for patient care and safety. Moral resilience helps nurses stay composed, think rationally, and navigate moral challenges effectively. Exploring the characteristics and influencing factors of different moral resilience subgroups can provide insights into nurses' resilience levels and inform targeted interventions to enhance their occupational well-being.

The effect of postoperative chemotherapy on blood glucose and prognosis in patients with advanced ovarian cancer.

Objective: Recent studies have shown that chemotherapy can cause abnormal glucose metabolism in cancer patients; however, little is known about the association of blood glucose (BG) with chemotherapy in ovarian cancer. In this study, we investigated the effect of chemotherapy on glucose metabolism in patients with advanced ovarian cancer and its effect on patient prognosis.

Methods: We retrospectively analyzed blood glucose and other clinical data from 100 patients with advanced ovarian cancer (International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics, FIGO III/IV) before and after chemotherapy.

Clay Attenuates Diarrhea Induced by Fat in a Mouse Model.

Diarrhea induced by an excessive amount of fat is a prevalent gastrointestinal disorder. Currently, there are limited animal models and treatment options for diarrhea associated with fat. This study aims to develop a mouse model of high-fat-associated diarrhea using glyceryl-trioleate (GTO) and evaluate the potential of montmorillonite clay (MMT) in mitigating this condition.

Modified Huanjingjian Prevents Chemotherapy-Induced Alopecia by Inhibiting Genomic DNA Methylation of the Wnt Signaling Pathway in Mice.

Aim: Cyclophosphamide (CTX), a cornerstone in breast cancer combination chemotherapy, frequently induces adverse effects including myelosuppression, gastrointestinal disturbances, hepatic impairment, and alopecia. Chemotherapy-induced alopecia severely impacts patients' quality of life and psychological well-being. Modified Huanjingjian (MHJJ), a traditional Chinese herbal formula, demonstrates clinical efficacy in alleviating chemotherapy-related side effects, yet its mechanisms against CTX-induced alopecia remain uncharacterized.

Probiotics Enhance Bone Density and Reduce Inflammation Postalveolar Surgery.

Background: This study aimed to evaluate the clinical efficacy of probiotic-based interventions in modulating the inflammatory response of periapical tissues and maintaining alveolar bone homeostasis following oral alveolar surgery.

Method: In this open-label, nonblinded trial, 80 patients undergoing alveolar surgery were randomised into an experimental group (n = 40) receiving postoperative Lactobacillus reuteri DSM 17938 probiotics (10 CFU/d) and a control group (n = 40) receiving standard care. Alveolar bone density was measured via cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) at 1, 3, and 5 months postsurgery.

Thermoresponsive Biodegradable Hydrogel Combined with Photothermal and Chemodynamic Therapies To Eliminate Biofilms and Accelerate Infected Wound Healing.

Bacterial wound infection tends to cause intense inflammation, while a lack of oxygen can lead to the destruction and contraction of blood vessels in the wound microenvironment. Here, a degradable hydrogel (denoted as PBCB hydrogel) was constructed with gelatin methacrylate (GelMA), tannic acid (TA), and polyphosphate (PolyP) by photopolymerization, and mesoporous polydopamine nanoparticles (MPDA) with berberine (BR), along with Cu and Bi nanoparticles grown in situ, were loaded into the hydrogel. PBCB hydrogel exhibits a high photothermal conversion efficiency (68.

An LC-MS Method to Quantify Rhein and Its Metabolites in Plasma: Application to a Pharmacokinetic Study in Rats.

Diacerein, a prodrug of Rhein, is commonly prescribed for the management of joint disorders, specifically osteoarthritis. This study aimed to develop and validate an LC-MS/MS method to quantify Rhein and its major metabolites, Rhein-G1 and Rhein-G2, in plasma samples. An ACE C18 column was used for chromatographic separation with a mobile phase comprising ammonium acetate at a concentration of 1.

Adaptability of Yuanjiang River Valley to Different Host Plants in Yunan.

This study aims to determine the local host plant range for Yuanjiang River Valley (Cramer, 1779) and evaluate the effects of different host plants on its growth, development, and reproductive success. This research assesses adult oviposition preferences and larval feeding tendencies on various host plants. An age-stage, two-sex life table was constructed to analyze the butterfly's growth, development, reproductive success, survival rates, and other physiological aspects on different host plants.

Transboundary Dispersal Dynamics of : From Source Regions to Migration Corridors.

Yunnan is located on the southwest border of China, with a complex geographical environment and rich biodiversity, which is the first stop for many migratory pests to enter China. In recent years, has migrated into China through the China-Laos border line. The migratory has shown typical characteristics of migratory locusts, which has seriously jeopardized the ecological security, biosecurity and food security of China.

Extracts of Chuanxiong and Baizhi Attenuate Neuroinflammation in Chronic Migraine Rats by Inhibiting TLR4/MyD88/Nuclear Factor Kappa B Signal Pathway.

This study investigates the mechanism by which a compound mixture of Chuanxiong and Baizhi (CMCB) modulates the TLR4/MyD88/nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) pathway to alleviate neuroinflammation in nitroglycerin (NTG)-induced chronic migraine (CM) rat models. In vivo CM rat models were induced with 10 mg/kg NTG, while in vitro models utilized BV2 cells stimulated with lipopolysaccharide. Toxicity of CMCB extracts was assessed through CCK8 assay and lactate dehydrogenase detection.

Polydopamine-mediated biointerfacial nanozyme as probiotic protective coating for IBD therapy.

Probiotics offer a promising strategy to address the dysfunction of the intestinal mucosal barrier and dysregulation of the gut microbiota in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). However, the low viability and poor adhesion of probiotics in complex gastrointestinal environments pose significant challenges. To tackle these issues, we designed a specialized protective nano-coating (PDA@CeO) using biointerfacial phenolic assembly combined with nanozymes for Bifidobacterium bifidum (B.

Efficacy and safety of BSZY cream for mild-to-moderate atopic facial dermatitis: protocol of a randomised, double-blind, controlled trial.

Introduction: Limited by the specific location of atopic facial dermatitis, treatment options for atopic dermatitis are limited. Our previous research confirms that BiShengZhiYan cream (BSZY cream) can reconstruct the damaged skin barrier and strengthen the repair ability of skin. However, little evidence of its efficacy and safety for the treatment of atopic facial dermatitis is available.

Photodynamically activated chlorogenic acid-based antimicrobial packaging films for cherry preservation.

Natural photosensitizers offer promising and sustainable solutions to the challenges of food preservation. This study investigates the potential of chlorogenic acid (CA), a naturally occurring phenolic compound with dual photoactive and antimicrobial properties. Under Xenon lamp irradiation (100 mW/cm), CA at a concentration of 0.

Metal-phenolic networks enhanced the protection of excipients for probiotics during freeze-drying.

Probiotic powder using a single protective method during freeze-drying is insufficient vitality because it lacks adequate protection. Here we developed a protection strategy through biointerfacial phenolic self-assembly to enhance the protection of excipients for probiotics to address existing challenges during freeze-drying. This strategy could strengthen the connections of excipients and phenolic protective layers containing hydroxyl groups with water molecules, improving the hydration layer's preservation and shielding bacteria from damage.

Flower like ZnO hybrid mediated visible light harvesting film with upgraded photodynamic antibacterial capacity for effective food preservation.

Active food packaging film with light-driven antibacterial properties has inspired numerous interests for food preservation, while efficiently retains the photocatalytic ability remains highly challenging. This study pioneered an advanced visible light-driven photodynamic antibacterial packaging film (FZ-PC) employing an organic-inorganic hybrid strategy, meticulously engineering flower-like zinc oxide functional fillers (FZnO) with superior photoactivity and subsequently formulating a polyvinyl alcohol/sodium carboxymethyl cellulose (PC) mixed film matrix to enhance its physical and chemical properties. The boosting photodynamic activity of the FZnO results from the molecular-level optimization through citral modification.

Smart response CO hydrogel "battling" bacterial biofilms and inflammation associated with wounds.

Bacterial infections accompanied by excessive inflammatory responses and bleeding can significantly impede wound healing, with biofilms further complicating treatment and reducing its effectiveness. Herein, an intelligent carbon monoxide (CO) gas-releasing and hemostatic hydrogel was developed, composed of carboxymethyl chitosan (CMCS), hyaluronic acid (HA), copper-doped mesoporous Prussian blue nanoparticles (named as Cu-HMPB NPs), luteolin, and Mn(CO), through chemical and physical cross-linking. Cu-HMPB is loaded with luteolin, a natural flavonoid, and covalently bonded with the temperature-sensitive CO donor Mn(CO).

EHDPP impairs intestinal microbiota homeostasis and induces placental injury through choline mediated gut-placenta axis.

2-Ethylhexyl-diphenyl phosphate (EHDPP) is an organophosphate ester (OPE) with roles of flame retardant and plasticizer. It is widely used in various applications, detected in environmental matrices and human body, threatening ecological environment and human health. Some OPEs have been reported to disturb the gut microbiota, the gut microbiota mediates placental function.

Maternal exposure to fullerenols impairs placental development in mice by inhibiting estriol synthesis and reducing ERα.

Fullerenols, a water-soluble polyhydroxy derivative of fullerene, hold promise in medical and materials science due to their unique properties. However, concerns about their potential embryotoxicity remain. Using a pregnancy mouse model and metabolomics analysis, our findings reveal that fullerenols exposure during pregnancy not only significantly reduced mice placental weight and villi thickness, but also altered the classes and concentrations of metabolites in the mouse placenta.

Bioinspired Assembly of Natural Polyphenol-Amino Acid Surfactants as Multifunctional Durable Coatings for Anticorrosion Fruit Packaging.

Challenges emerge in the quest for highly efficient and biocompatible coatings to tackle microbial contamination. Here, we propose a bioinspired paradigm combining (-)-epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) and l-arginine surfactants (LAM) as all-green building blocks for advanced coatings with superior performance. Molecular dynamics simulations reveal the natural assembly process of the EGCG/LAM supramolecular nanoparticles (ELA NPs).