An LC-MS Method to Quantify Rhein and Its Metabolites in Plasma: Application to a Pharmacokinetic Study in Rats.

Metabolites

Department of Pharmaceutical Science, College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Texas Southern University, 3100 Cleburne Street, Houston, TX 77004, USA.

Published: June 2025


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Article Abstract

Diacerein, a prodrug of Rhein, is commonly prescribed for the management of joint disorders, specifically osteoarthritis. This study aimed to develop and validate an LC-MS/MS method to quantify Rhein and its major metabolites, Rhein-G1 and Rhein-G2, in plasma samples. An ACE C18 column was used for chromatographic separation with a mobile phase comprising ammonium acetate at a concentration of 1.0 mM and acetonitrile. Detection was achieved using a Sciex 4000 Q-Trap LC-MS/MS, operated in negative ion mode with multiple reaction monitoring (MRM). The analytical results indicated that the lower limit of quantification (LLOQ) for Rhein and its glucuronides was 7.81 nM. Precision was consistently below 9.14%, while accuracy remained within the acceptable range of 80.1-104.2%. We also verified the method's matrix effect recovery and stability variance, which were less than 12.60% and 10.37%, respectively. The pharmacokinetic study demonstrated that diacerein is swiftly metabolized into Rhein, and then Rhein subsequently undergoes glucuronidation, forming detectable concentrations of Rhein-G1 and Rhein-G2 in plasma. This new LC-MS/MS method proved to be both sensitive and selective, allowing for pharmacokinetic studies in rats.

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http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12195357PMC
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/metabo15060407DOI Listing

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