YOLO-Pika: a lightweight improved model of YOLOv8n incorporating Fusion_Block and multi-scale fusion FPN and its application in the precise detection of plateau pikas.

The plateau pika () is a keystone species on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, and its population density-typically inferred from burrow counts-requires rapid, low-cost monitoring. We propose YOLO-Pika, a lightweight detector built on YOLOv8n that integrates (1) a Fusion_Block into the backbone, leveraging high-dimensional mapping and fine-grained gating to enhance feature representation with negligible computational overhead, and (2) an MS_Fusion_FPN composed of multiple MSEI modules for multi-scale frequency-domain fusion and edge enhancement. On a plateau pika burrow dataset, YOLO-Pika increases mAP50 by 3.

Whole Genome Sequencing-Based Taxonomic Identification of Dulcitol-Positive Cronobacter dublinensis subsp. beijingensis subsp. nov. and Cronobacter dublinensis subsp. infanticibi subsp. nov. from Infant Cereals in China.

Cronobacter, a Gram-negative opportunistic pathogen, poses a significant risk to neonates. The taxonomic position of strains CFSA2021A14 and CFSA2021A84, isolated from cereal-based infant noodles in China, was investigated. Phenotypic and genotypic analyses identified both strains as novel subspecies of Cronobacter dublinensis, with dulcitol utilization attributed to the presence of the gatYZABCD gene cluster.

Ecological network construction and land degradation risk identification in the Yellow River source area.

The source area of the Yellow River is characterized by complex climatic and geomorphological conditions, fragile ecosystems, and a series of ecological and environmental problems. At the same time, the region is an important ecological barrier area in China, which is related to national ecological security. The construction of ecological and risk networks is indispensable for maintaining ecological processes and sustaining ecological harmony.

Emerging threats: Listeria monocytogenes with acquired multidrug resistance from food in China, 2012-2022.

Listeria monocytogenes is a foodborne pathogen that poses threat to food safety and public health. Generally, the rates of resistance to clinically important antibiotics in L. monocytogenes are low.

The genomic characteristics of dominant Salmonella enterica serovars from retail pork in Sichuan province, China.

Foodborne Salmonella is the main cause of salmonellosis in China. Porcine animals are a reservoir for this bacterium consequently posing a threat to food safety and public health. In this study, 157 out of 240 pork samples (65.

Suppressed Dissolution of Fluorine-Rich SEI Enables Highly Reversible Zinc Metal Anode for Stable Aqueous Zinc-Ion Batteries.

The instability of the solid electrolyte interface (SEI) is a critical challenge for the zinc metal anodes, leading to an erratic electrode/electrolyte interface and hydrogen evolution reaction (HER), ultimately resulting in anode failure. This study uncovers that the fluorine species dissolution is the root cause of SEI instability. To effectively suppress the F dissolution, an introduction of a low-polarity molecule, 1,4-thioxane (TX), is proposed, which reinforces the stability of the fluorine-rich SEI.

Retarding anion migration for alleviating concentration polarization towards stable polymer lithium-metal batteries.

Traditional dual-ion lithium salts have been widely used in solid polymer lithium-metal batteries (LMBs). Nevertheless, concentration polarization caused by uncontrolled migration of free anions has severely caused the growth of lithium dendrites. Although single-ion conductor polymers (SICP) have been developed to reduce concentration polarization, the poor ionic conductivity caused by low carrier concentration limits their application.

Analysis and prediction of ground deformation in Yinxi Industrial Park based on time-series InSAR technology.

Monitoring ground deformation in industrial parks is of great importance for the economic development of urban areas. However, limited research has been conducted on the deformation mechanism in industrial parks, and there is a lack of integrated monitoring and prediction models. Therefore, this study proposes a comprehensive monitoring and prediction model for industrial parks, utilizing time-series Interferometry Synthetic Aperture Radar (InSAR) technology and the Whale Optimization Algorithm-Back Propagation (WOA-BP) neural network algorithm.

Enabling All-Solid-State Lithium-Carbon Dioxide Battery Operation in a Wide Temperature Range.

Flexible all-solid-state lithium-carbon dioxide batteries (FASSLCBs) are recognized as a next-generation energy storage technology by solving safety and shuttle effect problems. However, the present FASSLCBs rely heavily on high-temperature operation due to sluggish solid-solid-gas multiphase mass transfer and unclear capacity degradation mechanism. Herein, we designed bicontinuous hierarchical porous structures (BCHPSs) for both solid polymer electrolyte and cathode for FASSLCBs to facilitate the mass transfer in all connected directions.

Phylogenetics Study to Compare Chloroplast Genomes in Four Magnoliaceae Species.

Magnoliaceae, a family of perennial woody plants, contains several endangered species whose taxonomic status remains ambiguous. The study of chloroplast genome information can help in the protection of Magnoliaceae plants and confirmation of their phylogenetic relationships. In this study, the chloroplast genomes were sequenced, assembled, and annotated in and three Michelia species (, , and ).

Vis-NIR Spectroscopy Combined with GAN Data Augmentation for Predicting Soil Nutrients in Degraded Alpine Meadows on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau.

Soil nutrients play vital roles in vegetation growth and are a key indicator of land degradation. Accurate, rapid, and non-destructive measurement of the soil nutrient content is important for ecological conservation, degradation monitoring, and precision farming. Currently, visible and near-infrared (Vis-NIR) spectroscopy allows for rapid and non-destructive monitoring of soil nutrients.

Characterization of the Composition Variation of Healthy Human Gut Microbiome in Correlation with Antibiotic Usage and Yogurt Consumption.

Antibiotic usage and yogurt consumption are the major interventions for gut microbiota, yet their shared characteristics and disparities in healthy human gut microbiome remain unclear. This study aimed to decipher the composition changes among healthy humans, comparing antibiotic usage and yogurt consumption. The relative bacterial abundances of 1113 fecal samples were collected from an ongoing, population-based longitudinal cohort study in China that covered lifestyle, diet, disease status and physical measurements, and biological indicators of participants were obtained by the sequencing of 16S rRNA.

Boosting the Ion Mobility in Solid Polymer Electrolytes Using Hollow Polymer Nanospheres as an Additive.

Solid polymer electrolytes (SPEs) possess improved thermal and mechanical stability as safe energy storage devices. However, their low ion mobilities and poor electrochemical stabilities still hinder the wide industrial application of SPEs. Herein, we introduce an SPE design that provides an enormous number of electrochemically stable pathways and space for lithium-ion transport, blending polymer (polydopamine) hollow nanospheres with an inactive inorganic template into a poly(ethylene oxide) (PEO) and lithium bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide (LiTFSI) based SPE.

Effect of High-Temperature Nitridation and Buffer Layer on Semi-Polar (10-13) AlN Grown on Sapphire by HVPE.

We have investigated the effect of high-temperature nitridation and buffer layer on the semi-polar aluminum nitride (AlN) films grown on sapphire by hydride vapor phase epitaxy (HVPE). It is found the high-temperature nitridation and buffer layer at 1300 °C are favorable for the formation of single (10-13) AlN film. Furthermore, the compressive stress of the (10-13) single-oriented AlN film is smaller than polycrystalline samples which have the low-temperature nitridation layer and buffer layer.

Ship in bottle synthesis of yolk-shell MnS@hollow carbon spheres for sodium storage.

Yolk-shell structure can effectively alleviate the volume change of electrodes during electrochemical charge/discharge. In this paper, we provide a new ship in bottle strategy to synthesize MnS@C sodium ion battery anode with yolk-shell nanostructure. The obtained yolk-shell structures were uniform spheres.

Growth of Semi-Polar (101¯3) AlN Film on M-Plane Sapphire with High-Temperature Nitridation by HVPE.

Aluminum nitride (AlN) films were grown on the m-plane sapphire by high-temperature hydride vapor phase epitaxy (HVPE). The effect of high-temperature nitridation on the quality of AlN film was studied. The high-temperature nitridation is favorable for the formation of semi-polar single (101¯3) orientation AlN film, the quality of which shows strong dependence on the nitridation temperature.

Iron Selenide Microcapsules as Universal Conversion-Typed Anodes for Alkali Metal-Ion Batteries.

Rechargeable alkali metal-ion batteries (AMIBs) are receiving significant attention owing to their high energy density and low weight. The performance of AMIBs is highly dependent on the electrode materials. It is, therefore, quite crucial to explore suitable electrode materials that can fulfil the future requirements of AMIBs.

[Antimicrobial resistance, virulence factors, and molecular characterization of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus isolates cultured from ready-to-eat foods].

Objective: To understand the antimicrobial resistance, virulence factors, and molecular characterization of MRSA isolates cultured from ready-to-eat(RTE) foods from several provinces in China.

Methods: Totally, 397 S. aureus isolates were collected from RTE foods from several provinces in China, in 2017.

CoS nanosheets wrapping on bowl-like hollow carbon spheres with enhanced compact density for sodium-ion batteries.

Transition metal sulfides have long suffered from poor conductivity and large volume change when valued as an anode material for sodium-ion batteries. Hollow carbon nanohybrids prove to be the highly effective materials to solve these problems. While the low inherent compact density of hollow material leads to the low volume energy density of batteries.

A CHAF1B-Dependent Molecular Switch in Hematopoiesis and Leukemia Pathogenesis.

CHAF1B is the p60 subunit of the chromatin assembly factor (CAF1) complex, which is responsible for assembly of histones H3.1/H4 heterodimers at the replication fork during S phase. Here we report that CHAF1B is required for normal hematopoiesis while its overexpression promotes leukemia.

Crystallization in the Fractional Quantum Hall Regime Induced by Landau-Level Mixing.

The interplay between strongly correlated liquid and crystal phases for two-dimensional electrons exposed to a high transverse magnetic field is of fundamental interest. Through the nonperturbative fixed-phase diffusion Monte Carlo method, we determine the phase diagram of the Wigner crystal in the ν-κ plane, where ν is the filling factor and κ is the strength of Landau-level (LL) mixing. The phase boundary is seen to exhibit a striking ν dependence, with the states away from the magic filling factors ν=n/(2pn+1) being much more susceptible to crystallization due to Landau-level mixing than those at ν=n/(2pn+1).

Inhibition of Mcl-1 enhances cell death induced by the Bcl-2-selective inhibitor ABT-199 in acute myeloid leukemia cells.

Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is a serious disease. The 5-year survival rates remain frustratingly low (65% for children and 26% for adults). Resistance to frontline chemotherapy (usually cytarabine) often develops; therefore a new treatment modality is needed.

Targeting PI3K, mTOR, ERK, and Bcl-2 signaling network shows superior antileukemic activity against AML ex vivo.

Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) remains challenging to treat and needs more effective treatments. The PI3K/mTOR pathway is involved in cell survival and has been shown to be constitutively active in 50-80% of AML patients. However, targeting the PI3K/mTOR pathway results in activation of the ERK pathway, which also plays an important role in cell survival.