A colorimetric fluorometric dual-mode aptasensor for aflatoxin B detection driven by Au@CeO core-shell nanozymes.

A dual-mode aptasensor was engineered for aflatoxin B (AFB) detection by functional integration of peroxidase-mimetic Au@CeO core-shell nanostructures with emissive carbon dots (CDs). The Au@CeO nanocomposite, synthesized via spontaneous redox reaction, exhibited enhanced peroxidase-like activity due to abundant Ce/oxygen vacancies facilitating hydroxyl radical generation. The aptasensor utilizes a competitive binding mechanism, where AFB competed with immobilized Au@CeO-CDs-Apt1 probes for binding sites, resulting in inversely proportional colorimetric and fluorescent signals.

Integrated multi-omics analysis uncovers Zearalenone-induced ovarian and intestinal inflammation is mediated by the tumor necrosis factor-α.

As a widely encountered foodborne mycotoxin, Zearalenone (ZEN) has the potential to accumulate along the food chain, posing threats to public health and safety. However, the precise mechanisms by which ZEN causes tissue damage remain incompletely understood. Here, we established in vivo (40 μg/kg) and in vitro (30 μM) models to elucidate the underlying processes of ZEN-induced damage to the ovary and intestine.

The Impact of Rice-Frog Co-Cultivation on Greenhouse Gas Emissions of Reclaimed Paddy Fields.

Reclaimed fields have a low soil fertility and low productivity compared to conventional arable land, necessitating research on productivity enhancement. The rice-frog co-culture model is an ecologically intensive practice that combines biodiversity objectives with agricultural production needs, offering high ecological and economic value. However, there is a lack of research on this model that has focused on factors other than soil nutrient levels.

The multifaceted contributions of cancer-associated fibroblasts to drug resistance in primary and metastatic tumors.

Drug resistance remains a formidable barrier in modern oncology, undermining the efficacy of the current therapeutic regimens. As pivotal stromal constituents within tumor ecosystems, cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) have emerged as critical mediators of treatment resistance through multifaceted mechanisms. In this review, we summarize the historical progression of research on CAFs and drug resistance, and highlight the recent discoveries related to CAF biomarkers and their functions associated with drug resistance.

The Transcriptomic Signature of Donkey Ovarian Tissue Revealed by Cross-Species Comparative Analysis at Single-Cell Resolution.

Donkeys () hold significant agricultural value in China, particularly for their hides and meat, which possess notable medicinal and dietary importance. However, their reproductive efficiency remains suboptimal compared with other livestock. Ovarian function is a key determinant of fertility, yet the molecular mechanisms underlying donkey ovarian biology remain largely unexplored.

Study on ecological restoration in engineering construction: Analysis of soil rock interface coupling characteristics of slope surface.

In engineering construction, rock slopes often require stabilization due to the exposure of rock during excavation. External soil spray seeding (ESSS) is a widely used method for this purpose, but the shear performance at the interface between soil and rock can lead to external soil slippage. This study investigates the effects of polymer content and rock surface undulation angle on the shear strength of the soil-rock interface.

Breaking the premetastatic niche barrier: the role of endothelial cells and therapeutic strategies.

The premetastatic niche (PMN) represents a metastasis-facilitative microenvironment established prior to tumor dissemination, initiated by vascular leakage and endothelial cell (EC) functional remodeling. ECs play pivotal roles as bridges in different stages of the metastatic cascade. As critical stromal components within the PMN, ECs not only drive angiogenesis but also actively orchestrate immune suppression, extracellular matrix (ECM) remodeling, and the inflammatory signaling characteristic of PMN formation, with multiple specific signaling pathways such as VEGF/Notch playing a crucial role.

The Activity Rhythm and Home Range Characteristics of Released Chinese Pangolins ().

As a mammal with unique ecological habits, the Chinese pangolin, exhibits nocturnal behavior and has a hidden, cave-dwelling lifestyle. Severe habitat degradation and fragmentation have led to a rapid decline in its wild population. Moreover, the immature state of artificial breeding technology restricts the availability of research samples, particularly with regard to behavioral and ecological data.

Emerging threats: Listeria monocytogenes with acquired multidrug resistance from food in China, 2012-2022.

Listeria monocytogenes is a foodborne pathogen that poses threat to food safety and public health. Generally, the rates of resistance to clinically important antibiotics in L. monocytogenes are low.

Dissecting the clinical and pathological prognosis of MCI patients who reverted to normal cognition: a longitudinal study.

Background: Controversy existed in the prognosis of reversion from mild cognitive impairment (MCI) to normal cognition (NC). We aim to depict the prognostic characteristics of cognition, neuroimaging, and pathology biomarkers, as well as the risk of Alzheimer's disease (AD) dementia for MCI reverters.

Methods: A total of 796 non-demented participants (mean age = 73.

Discovery of Novel Bifunctional Agents as Potent Androgen Receptor Antagonists and Degraders for the Treatment of Enzalutamide-Resistant Prostate Cancer.

Bifunctional agents that simultaneously antagonize and degrade various AR proteins more effectively block the AR signaling pathway, offering a promising strategy for the treatment of mCRPC patients. Herein, we report the discovery and development of a series of small-molecule AR degraders with 3,8-diazabicyclo[3.2.

Potential Genetic Markers Associated with Environmental Adaptability in Herbivorous Livestock.

Herbivorous livestock, such as cattle, sheep, goats, horses, and donkeys, play a crucial role in agricultural production and possess remarkable resilience to extreme environmental conditions, driven by complex genetic mechanisms. Recent advancements in high-throughput sequencing, genome assembly, and environmental data integration have enabled a deeper understanding of the genetic basis of their environmental adaptation. This review identifies key genes associated with high-altitude, heat, cold, and drought adaptation, providing insights into the molecular mechanisms underlying these traits.

Mechanistic insights into nonlinear effects in copper-catalyzed asymmetric esterification.

Nonlinear effects (NLEs) serve as a widespread tool in the study of asymmetric catalytic reactions. However, due to the diversity in ligand-metal coordination modes, the information obtained solely from the linear relationship between the ee values of ligands and products in complex systems is often indirect. Here, we report a precise method that directly connects the relationship between the ee values of metal complexes and products, with the purpose of determining the active species that occur in complex systems.

A nitric oxide-boosting molecular agent to enhance mild-temperature photothermal therapy.

A nitric oxide (NO)-boosting molecular agent (CyHU) was developed for enhanced mild-temperature photothermal therapy (MPTT). This photothermal agent can specifically target mitochondria and efficiently produce NO, inhibiting adenosine triphosphate-dependent heat shock proteins, reversing tumor heat tolerance and ultimately achieving MPTT of cancer cells.

Virulence expression difference to intestinal cells of different pathogenic Listeria monocytogenes contaminating sausages after simulated digestive tract.

This study investigated the difference in survival among Listeria monocytogenes (LM) 10403S (highly pathogenic strain) and M7 (low pathogenic strain) in sausage under a simulated digestive environment, and established intestinal organoids and macrophages co-culture model to further explore the virulence expression difference to intestinal cells between LM 10403S and M7 after in vitro gastrointestinal digestion. Results showed that, compared with LM M7, LM 10403S exhibited a high survival rate during in vitro digestion, which may be due to the increased expression of stress response-related genes. In addition, the expression of virulence genes in LM 10403S was significantly higher than in LM M7 under the gastrointestinal environment.

Ruthenium-Catalyzed α-Regioselective Hydroboration of Allenes.

Hydroboration of allenes is powerful and atom-economic approach to the synthesis of organoboranes, such as the highly versatile allylboranes. However, regarding regiocontrol, existing methods uniformly deliver the boron functionality to the less hindered β- or γ-position, but not the α-position. The latter is particularly challenging for allenes with substantial steric difference between the two terminals and lacking electronic bias (e.

Kinome-wide CRISPR-Cas9 screens revealed as a positive regulator of TGF-β signaling.

The TGF-β signaling pathway is closely associated with human health and disease, and the systematic identification of factors involved in the TGF-β signaling pathway significantly contributes to the understanding and treatment of various diseases. Through kinome-wide CRISPR screen, we identified 13 candidate regulatory targets. Notably, the well-known hallmark genes and emerged as the top two candidate targets.

Geminal Aminocyanation Enabled by Ylide Mediated Rearrangement.

Herein, we describe experimental and computational studies to understand the features of oxycyanopyridinium ylides generated in situ from oxy-cyanopyridines and rhodium carbene. This chemistry has enabled the concomitant formation of both C-N and C-C bonds, providing a complementary approach for cyanation reactions. Density functional theory calculations indicate the sequential metal-bound ylide formation, rhodium-associated five-membered transition state, and 1,4-cyano group relocation.

Oxy-pyridinium Ylides Mediated 1,4-Pyridyl/Aryl Translocation.

Molecular rearrangement via carbene transfer is a powerful tool to access molecular diversity. Herein, we describe an efficient approach to selective pyridyl/aryl relocation via a rhodium-catalyzed aminoarylation of diazo compounds, providing a promising strategy to access -pyridyl N-alkylated pyridone scaffolds in a single operation. This reaction features the novel reactivity of oxy-pyridinium ylide, rhodium-associated five-membered transition state, and 1,4-pyridyl/aryl relocation.

Aminosulfonylation of Rhodium Carbene via Ylide Formation and 1,4-Sulfonyl Rearrangement.

We report here the use of pyridin-2-yl benzenesulfonates as sulfonylation reagents in a difunctionalization reaction based on oxy-pyridinium ylide chemistry, providing an effective protocol for the installation of both a sulfonyl group and a pyridone moiety into one molecule. Density functional theory (DFT) calculations disclose that the reaction process might proceed through sequential metal-bound ylide formation, keto-enol tautomerism, and the migratory rearrangement of the sulfonyl group.

Coloration in Equine: Overview of Candidate Genes Associated with Coat Color Phenotypes.

Variation in coat color among equids has attracted significant interest in genetics and breeding research. The range of colors is primarily determined by the type, concentration, and distribution of melanin pigments, with the balance between eumelanin and pheomelanin influenced by numerous genetic factors. Advances in genomic and sequencing technologies have enabled the identification of several candidate genes that influence coat color, thereby clarifying the genetic basis of these diverse phenotypes.