A colorimetric fluorometric dual-mode aptasensor for aflatoxin B detection driven by Au@CeO core-shell nanozymes.

A dual-mode aptasensor was engineered for aflatoxin B (AFB) detection by functional integration of peroxidase-mimetic Au@CeO core-shell nanostructures with emissive carbon dots (CDs). The Au@CeO nanocomposite, synthesized via spontaneous redox reaction, exhibited enhanced peroxidase-like activity due to abundant Ce/oxygen vacancies facilitating hydroxyl radical generation. The aptasensor utilizes a competitive binding mechanism, where AFB competed with immobilized Au@CeO-CDs-Apt1 probes for binding sites, resulting in inversely proportional colorimetric and fluorescent signals.

Association Between Exercise Behavior Stages and Obesity Transition in Children and Adolescents: A Nationwide Follow-Up Study.

To examine the association between stages of exercise behavior change, as defined by the transtheoretical model (TTM), and obesity progression among Chinese children and adolescents, with attention to gender and urban-rural differences. A total of 5006 Chinese children and adolescents aged 9-18 years were assessed in 2019 and followed up in 2020. Participants were categorized into five TTM stages: precontemplation, contemplation, preparation, action, and maintenance.

Identification of antibacterial and chemotactic activities of a novel NK-lysin peptide from Lateolabrax japonicus.

NK-lysin is an effective antimicrobial peptide secreted by natural killer (NK) cells and cytotoxic T lymphocytes. Although numerous studies have been conducted on NK-lysin, its biological functions have not yet been comprehensively catalogued. In this study, a novel NK-lysin peptide, NKLj27, located in the SapB domain of Japanese seabass Lateolabrax japonicus, was identified and synthesized, and its antibacterial and chemotactic activities were investigated.

The Application and Limitations of Promising Biological Therapies in Livestock Production under the Context of Antibiotic Restrictions.

The inappropriate use of antibiotics in livestock production has raised significant public health concerns, including the emergence of bacterial resistance and the presence of drug residues. In an era characterized by "antibiotic reduction and restriction", scientific inquiry has increasingly focused on developing alternatives to antibiotics, particularly through biocontrol strategies that utilize beneficial microorganisms to counteract pathogenic ones. Common biological therapies include probiotic therapy, phage therapy, and fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT).

GRACE-ICU: A multimodal nomogram-based approach for illness severity assessment of older adults in the ICU.

Clinical notes are crucial for patient assessment in the ICU but can be challenging to accurately and objectively analyze in time-constrained situations. We developed the GRACE-ICU model which integrates clinical notes and structured data to rapidly assess critical illness severity in older adults. Based on a cohort from a large U.

Near-diffraction-limited picosecond laser based on aberration-compensated end-pumped Nd:YAG rod amplifiers with more than 100 MW peak power and 300 W average power.

A high-energy picosecond laser based on high-power diodes end-pumped Nd:YAG rod amplifiers with efficient birefringence compensation was demonstrated. The maximum linearly polarized output power from the amplifiers was up to 302 W at 250 kHz with a pulse energy of 1.2 mJ, achieving a peak power of more than 100 MW.

Curriculum negative mining for temporal networks.

Temporal networks are effective in capturing the evolving interactions of networks over time, such as social networks and e-commerce networks. In recent years, researchers have primarily concentrated on developing specific model architectures for Temporal Graph Neural Networks (TGNNs) in order to improve the representation quality of temporal nodes and edges. However, limited attention has been given to the quality of negative samples during the training of TGNNs.

Quality Indicators for Home-Based Palliative Care: A Systematic Review.

Context: The advantages of home-based palliative care (HPC) are becoming increasingly acknowledged, resulting in a growing demand for this care model. The quality indicators (QIs) required for HPC may differ in scope and focus from those used in other care settings.

Objectives: This review aimed to identify and integrate QIs for the provision of HPC.

Burden and risk factors of premature drowning mortality in 204 countries and territories, 1980-2021.

Drowning ranks as the third leading cause of unintentional injury deaths globally. We conducted a systematic analysis of drowning mortality and its associated risk factors. Data on mortality, years of life lost (YLLs), and risk factors related to drowning (ICD-10 codes W65-74) from 204 countries and territories between 1980 and 2021 were obtained from the Global Burden of Disease 2021.

An anti-CD47 antibody binds to a distinct epitope in a novel metal ion-dependent manner to minimize cross-linking of red blood cells.

Cluster of differentiation 47 (CD47) is a widely expressed transmembrane protein that plays a crucial role in immune self-recognition. Cancer cells upregulate CD47 expression to promote immune escape through activating the "don't eat me" signal via interactions with signal regulatory protein α (SIRPα) on macrophages. The effectiveness of anti-CD47 antibodies has been demonstrated in multiple tumor models.

Simultaneous Detection of MAO-B and Soluble Aβ Oligomers Based on a Bimetallic Loaded ZIF-8 Core-Shell Probe.

The abnormal expression of monoamine oxidase B (MAO-B) and the soluble oligomer (Aβo) formed by β-amyloid deposition play key roles in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease. However, the simultaneous detection of MAO-B and Aβo remains a huge challenge. Herein, a bimetallic core-shell probe ZIF-8 embedding rhodamine 6G (Au/Rh6G/Pd@ZIF-8) with peroxidase-like activity is designed to detect MAO-B and Aβo simultaneously.

Immunometabolic interplay and molecular characterization of hepcidins reveal ferroptosis mechanisms to Edwardsiella piscicida infection in black rockfish Sebastes schlegeli.

Edwardsiella piscicida infection represents a major pathogenic threat in aquaculture, yet the molecular mechanisms underlying host-pathogen interactions is still not fully understood. Here, we investigated the pathophysiological response of black rockfish Sebastes schlegeli to E. piscicida infection through an integrated approach combining immune-metabolism analysis and molecular characterization.

Whey protein-constructed oleogels as cheese fat replacers: Modulating cheese functional behavior via protein structure modification.

Whey protein aggregates (WPA), formed through controlled thermal denaturation and aggregation, have emerged as novel oleogelators with exceptional functional properties. This study aims to investigate the relationship between WPA's structure and their oleogelation performance in sunflower oil, while evaluating their potential as fat replacers in cheese formulations. By modulating heating condition (85-95 °C/15 min) and protein concentrations (5-20 %), distinct WPA microstructures were engineered.

The MIT domain of STAMBP autoinhibits its deubiquitination activity.

STAMBP, a member of the JAMM family of deubiquitinases, specifically targets K63-linked polyubiquitin chains and plays a vital role in regulating the endosomal sorting of activated cell surface receptors. In this study, we conducted comprehensive biochemical analyses of full-length STAMBP and several fragments and demonstrated that the MIT domain binds tightly to the catalytic domain (CD), resulting in autoinhibition of its activity. The crystal structure of the MIT-CD complex reveals that the MIT domain occupies a large portion of the distal ubiquitin-binding site of the CD domain, thereby obstructing substrate binding.

Dual associations of post-sleep and pre-wake light-at-night (LAN) exposure with myopia in children and adolescents.

Objective: To analyze the association between indoor light at night (LAN) exposure with myopia in children and adolescents.

Methods: A cross-sectional survey was conducted in 2023 involving 872 students aged 6-14 years in Beijing, China. Portable photometers continuously measured indoor LAN exposure over four nights.

Phosphorylated zerovalent Iron boosts active hydrogen species generation from water dissociation for superior Hg(II) Reduction.

Mercury (Hg) is a toxic metal of great concern, and its reduction from Hg(II) to Hg(0) is crucial to prevent its mobilization and transformation to even more hazardous methylmercury. Fe° could reduce Hg(II), but the role of active hydrogen species (*H) remains unexplored. Herein, we prepared the phosphate-modified zero-valent iron by ball milling (P-ZVI) and investigated its Hg(II) reduction and immobilization capacity compared with the ZVI counterpart.

Spatial-temporal analysis and spatial drivers of childhood obesity in China from 1985 to 2019.

Objective: We characterized the spatial-temporal trends of obesity among Chinese children and adolescents from 1985 to 2019 and examined the impact of social determinants of health (SDOH) patterns.

Methods: Using data from the Chinese National Survey on Students' Constitution and Health (CNSSCH) conducted between 1985 and 2019, featuring seven cross-sectional surveys, we employed spatial-temporal analysis methods and collected 23 obesity-related variables to identify SDOH patterns. A general linear regression model investigated associations between SDOH patterns and obesity prevalence.

Secular trends in physical fitness and cardiovascular risks among Chinese college students: an analysis of five successive national surveys between 2000 and 2019.

Background: With increasing concerns about early-onset cardiovascular diseases, it is essential to understand the distribution of cardiovascular health among young adults. This study aimed to characterize trends in physical fitness and the prevalence of overweight/obesity (OWOB), elevated blood pressure (EBP), and their comorbidity among Chinese college students from 2000 to 2019 and to analyze the changes in their associations and subgroup differences.

Methods: Data were extracted from five cycles of the Chinese National Survey on Students' Constitution and Health (2000-2019), including 241,710 college students aged 19-22.

Mx of Sebastes schlegelii: expression pattern, antibacterial activity and antiviral mechanism.

Myxovirus resistance (Mx) is a classical antiviral molecule that has been well understood in mammals. However, very limited studies on Mx antiviral activities have been documented in teleosts. In the present study, a novel Mx (SsMx) was cloned from black rockfish (Sebastes schlegelii) and the immunological activities of SsMx were examined in vitro and in vivo.

Increasing severity of large-scale fires prolongs recovery time of forests globally since 2001.

Ongoing and sharply increased global forest fires, especially extreme large-scale fires (LFs) with their greater destructiveness, have significantly altered forest structures and functions. However, long-term variations in the severity of LFs and corresponding effects on the natural post-LF recovery time of global forests remain unclear. Here, we rigorously identified 3,281 global large-scale (>10 km) single-time fire events (LSFs) from 2001 to 2021, and used multiple indicators to understand the post-LSF recovery dynamics from different perspectives and comprehensively reveal major driving factors across regions and forests types based on multiple models.

Plasma-Induced Wrinkle-Crack Dual Structure for Robust Directional Strain Sensing in Dynamic Motion Perception.

Flexible multi-directional sensors hold vast potential for complex application scenarios, yet creating sensitive, stable, and linear strain sensors capable of flexibly detecting multi-directional strain remains a significant challenge. Here, a plasma-induced wrinkle-crack dual structure is introduced for multi-directional force detection of high-reliability flexible strain sensors. By combining pre-stretching and oxidative plasma bombardment, a multi-layer structure exhibits film stress engineering with varying elastic moduli established on the surface of the elastomer.

Dynamic Mn-V Associates Boosted Molecular Oxygen Activation for Benzene Combustion on Mn-Doped Mesocrystalline CeO.

Highly efficient molecular oxygen activation over transition metal oxides toward catalytic abatement of aromatic volatile organic compounds (AVOCs) is possible yet challenging due to the easily deactivated surface oxygen vacancy (V). Herein, dynamic Mn-V associates were crafted onto the Mn-incorporated CeO mesocrystal (Mn/meso-CeO) surface with Mn substituting a Ce atom through an easy-to-handle precipitation strategy. Experiments and theoretical calculation demonstrated that the asymmetric surface Mn-O-Ce configuration induced electron delivery from the low-valent Mn to adjacent Ce, destabilizing the circumambient O atoms and facilitating the formation of dynamic Mn-V associates.

Asian diversity in human immune cells.

The relationships of human diversity with biomedical phenotypes are pervasive yet remain understudied, particularly in a single-cell genomics context. Here, we present the Asian Immune Diversity Atlas (AIDA), a multi-national single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) healthy reference atlas of human immune cells. AIDA comprises 1,265,624 circulating immune cells from 619 donors, spanning 7 population groups across 5 Asian countries, and 6 controls.

Urolithin A ameliorates schizophrenia-like behaviors and cognitive impairments in female rats by modulating NLRP3 signaling.

The management of cognitive impairments in schizophrenia presents a considerable challenge, with a strong association between neuroinflammation and its progression. Urolithin A (UA) demonstrates important anti-inflammatory properties in multiple neurological disease models, contributing to the enhancement of cognitive deficits. However, it remains uncertain if UA can produce comparable neuroregulatory effects in female rat models of schizophrenia.