A novel network for resolving subjective masking differences and accurate thyroid nodule diagnosis.

Background: Over the past three decades, there has been a significant increase in the incidence of thyroid cancer. Ultrasound serves as a non-invasive tool in differentiating between benign and malignant thyroid nodules. However, its reliance on manual input can often lead to subjective bias.

Mechanofluorescent Double Network Ionogels.

Mechanofluorescent gels, which are soft and capable of altering their fluorescent color in response to the applied external force, have garnered significant attention for applications spanning failure alert, crack visualization, information encryption, and adaptive camouflage. Most of the mechanofluorescent gels are obtained in the form of hydrogels, due to their facile preparation and diverse material design. However, the hydrogels suffer from compromised stability under elevated temperatures or desiccating conditions due to water evaporation.

Phylogenetic Structure Shifts Across Life-History Stages in Response to Microtopography and Competition in Subtropical Forests.

This study focuses on a subtropical evergreen broad-leaved forest in China, utilizing a large permanent plot established in the Yaoluoping National Nature Reserve. By integrating data from a full-stem census and total station surveying, we analyzed the phylogenetic structure of the plant community as a whole and across different life-history stages (saplings, juveniles, and adults) while quantitatively assessing microtopographic variables and an interspecific competition index. The results indicate that the overall community in the Yaoluoping plot exhibited a weakly overdispersed pattern, and key microtopographic factors-including aspect, terrain position index (TPI), terrain ruggedness index (TRI), roughness, and flow direction-significantly influenced the evolution of phylogenetic structure.

Asymmetrically Trifluoromethylated Non-fused Electron Acceptor for High-Efficiency and Stable Organic Solar Cells.

Fused-ring electron acceptors (FREAs) have advanced significantly in organic solar cells (OSCs) but suffer from complex synthesis and high production costs. As a cost-effective alternative, nonfused-ring electron acceptors (NFREAs) offer structural simplicity and easier synthesis, though typically at the expense of device performance. In this work, two asymmetric NFREAs, 3TT-CF and 3TT-BCF, were synthesized via a modular strategy and applied in high-efficiency OSCs.

eIF4A controls translation of estrogen receptor alpha and is a therapeutic target in advanced breast cancer.

Most breast cancers depend on hormone-stimulated estrogen receptor alpha (ER) activity and are sensitive to ER inhibition. Resistance can arise from activating mutations in the gene encoding ER () or from reactivation of downstream targets. Newer ER antagonists occasionally show efficacy but are largely ineffective as single agents in the long term.

Baicalein from mitigates oxidative stress through the IIS pathway in a model of ulcerative colitis.

Introduction: Ulcerative colitis (UC) is a chronic, nonspecific inflammatory bowel disease with limited therapeutic options. Baicalein, a phenolic flavonoid extracted from , has been traditionally used in Chinese medicine for its potent anti-inflammatory, anti-tumor, and antiviral properties. This plant, known as Huang-Qin, is indigenous to East Asia and has been widely used to treat various conditions such as fever, respiratory diseases, and inflammation.

Association between serum phosphorus levels and pelvic bone mineral density in U.S. adults aged 18-59 years.

Background: Although the role of serum phosphorus in bone metabolism is well-established, its precise connection to bone density in different anatomical regions remains uncertain. The pelvis, a vital load-bearing structure crucial for movement and stability, has received limited attention because of its relationship with serum phosphorus. This study investigated the potential association between serum phosphorus levels and pelvic bone mineral density (BMD) in adults aged 18 to 59 years.

Radiative Cooling Materials for Extreme Environmental Applications.

Radiative cooling is a passive thermal management strategy that leverages the natural ability of materials to dissipate heat through infrared radiation. It has significant implications for energy efficiency, climate adaptation, and sustainable technology development, with applications in personal thermal management, building temperature regulation, and aerospace engineering. However, radiative cooling performance is susceptible to environmental aging and special environmental conditions, limiting its applicability in extreme environments.

Effects of external ankle support and dual-tasking on gait in patients with chronic lateral ankle instability.

Background: Chronic Lateral Ankle Instability (CLAI) is a common condition that significantly impacts patient outcomes, necessitating optimal rehabilitation management. The present study aims to assess the therapeutic efficacy of McConnell taping, McDavid A101 semi-rigid ankle braces, and dual-tasking on gait patterns in individuals with CLAI, thereby informing evidence-based rehabilitation protocols.

Methods: Employing a self-controlled pre-post design, the study included individuals with CLAI treated at our facility, paired with an equal number of healthy controls.

Assessment of the rat acute oral toxicity of quinoline-based pharmaceutical scaffold molecules using QSTR, q-RASTR and machine learning methods.

Quinoline is a common pharmaceutical scaffold molecule known for its wide range of biological and pharmacological activities, including antimalarial, antitumor, and antibacterial effects. With the continuous discovery of new bioactivities, there is a growing demand for the design and development of novel quinoline-based drugs. However, drug development is time-consuming and costly, and traditional toxicity testing methods such as animal experiments are resource-intensive.

Long-Acting Injectable Antipsychotic Use and Discontinuation Rates in Children and Adolescents With Schizophrenia Using Medicaid Claims Data.

Introduction: The primary objective was to analyse the prescribing and discontinuation rates of long-acting injectable (LAI) antipsychotics among child and adolescent populations. The secondary objective was to assess if racial/ethnic differences existed between LAI antipsychotics and discontinuation rates.

Methods: Children and adolescents (2-17 years old) with schizophrenia or related disorders who received LAI antipsychotics between January 1, 2017 and December 31, 2021 were identified using Merative MarketScan Multi-State Medicaid Database.

Fine mapping of a novel powdery mildew resistance gene PmDM8 derived from a cultivated emmer (Triticum dicoccum).

A novel powdery mildew resistance gene PmDM8, originated from cultivated emmer wheat accession JingDM8, was finely mapped to a 452.6-kb genomic interval on chromosome arm 6BL. Powdery mildew, caused by Blumeria graminis f.

Flexible Electro-Driven Nanophotonic Device for Dynamic Radiative Thermoregulation and Energy Storage.

Dynamic thermal management is useful for maintaining personal thermal comfort. However, integrating multifunctionalities into flexible thermal management device remains challenging. Inspired by color modulation mechanisms of cephalopod skin, we demonstrate a flexible electro-driven nanophotonic (FEN) device with dual-functionalities of dynamic radiative thermoregulation and all-time energy supply.

The Crucial Role of Oxygen Evolution Reaction in Electrocatalytic Oxidative C─C Bond Cleavage in Lignin Biomass Valorization.

The electrocatalytic oxidative cleavage of the C─C bond is highly effective for converting lignin biomass into high-value-added aromatic chemicals. However, the oxygen evolution reaction (OER) at applied oxidative potential usually competes in the aqueous environment. In this study, we found that OER does not entirely hinder the cleavage process but rather acts as a synergistic catalytic step.

Analysis of Bacterial Diversity in Jersey Cow Colostrum and Mature Milk and the Study of the Probiotic Functions of CR29.

This study used 16S rDNA high-throughput sequencing to analyze the bacterial diversity of Jersey cow colostrum and mature milk, and evaluated the probiotic properties of CR29 isolated from the samples. The bacterial community structure of the Jersey cow milk samples was analyzed, and lactic acid bacteria were isolated using MRS medium. The potential probiotic strains were evaluated for growth, acid production, hemolytic activity, antibacterial activity, antibiotic sensitivity, acid and bile tolerance, hydrophobicity, autoaggregation and coaggregation abilities, as well as their survival in a simulated gastrointestinal environment.

Hybrid Nanofiber-Based Atmospheric Water Harvesters: Sunlight-Driven Operation in Low-Humidity and Low-Illumination Environments.

Aerogels incorporating hygroscopic salts have been widely explored for atmospheric water harvesting (AWH). However, the scalability of these sorbents remains limited due to their reliance on energy-intensive and time-consuming drying methods such as lyophilization or supercritical drying. Here, we present a simple and scalable approach to drying hydrogels with desirable AWH properties using a freezing process followed by solvent exchange and thawing at room temperature.

A tubby-like protein, MdTLP7 enhances drought and salt stresses tolerance of Malus domestica.

Background: Drought and salt stresses as common abiotic stresses have a significant impact on the yield and quality of Malus domestica (apple). The tubby-like proteins (TLPs), as a family of transcription factors, play an important role in plant response to abiotic stresses, but the regulatory mechanisms involved remain unclear.

Results: Here, we investigated how apple TLP7 (MdTLP7) and its interacting genes regulate apple response to drought and salt stresses.

Transcriptome analysis and genome-wide identification of WRKY gene family in Leonurus japonicus under drought stress.

Background: Leonurus japonicus (L. japonicus) is a herbaceous flowering plant, widely distributed in Asia. Drought is one of the primary environmental stress factors affecting L.

Identification and Characterization of LINE and SINE Retrotransposons in the African Hedgehog (, ) and Their Association with 3D Genome Organization and Gene Expression.

Background: The African hedgehog () exhibits specialized skin differentiation leading to spine formation, yet its regulatory mechanisms remain unclear. Transposable elements (TEs), particularly LINEs (long interspersed nuclear elements) and SINEs (short interspersed nuclear elements), are known to influence genome organization and gene regulation.

Objectives: Given the high proportion of SINEs in the hedgehog genome, this study aims to characterize the distribution, evolutionary dynamics, and potential regulatory roles of LINEs and SINEs, focusing on their associations with chromatin architecture, DNA methylation, and gene expression.

Effects of Microtopography on Neighborhood Diversity and Competition in Subtropical Forests.

Forests are complex systems in which subtle variations in terrain can reveal much about plant community structure and interspecific interactions. Despite a wealth of studies focusing on broad-scale environmental gradients, the role of fine-scale topographic nuances often remains underappreciated, particularly in subtropical settings. In our study, we explore how minute differences in microtopography-encompassing local elevation, slope, aspect, terrain position index (TPI), terrain ruggedness index (TRI), and flow direction-affect neighborhood-scale interactions among plants.

An integrated approach to posterior anchorage preparation and incisor torque compensation in premolar extraction cases using clear aligners.

Background: In clear aligner treatment (CAT), closure of the premolar space is achieved by reducing aligner length. Posterior anchorage preparation is effective in preserving molar angulation; however, the resulting distal tipping can contribute to anterior anchorage loss. This study aims to identify an approach that balances anterior torque compensation with posterior anchorage preparation in CAT.

Severity Indices of Diquat Poisoning for Triage and Prognosis in Acute Diquat Poisoning: A Multicenter Prospective Cohort Study.

Study Objective: To enable emergency physicians to make well-informed triage and treatment decisions, accurate tools to evaluate the severity of diquat poisoning are needed. This study establishes severity indices for diquat poisoning (SIDPs) in assessing the risk of death for patients with acute diquat poisoning for triage purposes and 28-day mortality.

Methods: This multicenter cohort study involved 204 patients.

Enhanced spectral signatures with Ag nanoarrays in hyperspectral microscopy for CNN-based microplastics classfication.

Microplastics are a pervasive pollutant in aquatic ecosystems, raising critical environmental and public health concerns and driving the need for advanced detection technologies. Microscopic hyperspectral imaging (micro-HSI), known for its ability to simultaneously capture spatial and spectral information, has shown promise in microplastic analysis. However, its widespread application is hindered by limitations such as low signal-to-noise ratios (SNR) and reduced sensitivity to smaller microplastic particles.

Dietary -Synthesized 3S, 3'S-Astaxanthin Promotes Body Coloration and Muscle Quality in Pacific White Shrimp .

The focus of people on the yield of aquatic products has gradually shifted to superior quality. Astaxanthin is well-known for its superior antioxidant capacity, while research on its regulatory effect on muscle quality is limited. This study aims to investigate whether dietary -synthesized 3S, 3'S-astaxanthin (L-AST) could promote the body coloration and muscle quality of .

A Mechanistic Study of the Feasibility of Ursodeoxycholic Acid in the Treatment of Colon Adenocarcinoma.

Purpose: Bile acids promote the progression of colon adenocarcinoma (COAD), and ursodeoxycholic acid (UDCA) is a key drug in promoting bile acid excretion, but its role in COAD unclear. Our study aims to investigate the relationship between COAD and bile acid metabolism and to assess the feasibility of UDCA for the treatment of COAD.

Methods: Firstly, biological targets closely related to COAD were identified: Based on the cancer genome atlas (TCGA) database, the core genes of COAD were obtained by differential expression analysis and weighted gene-coexpression network analysis (WGCNA), and subjected to gene ontology (GO) function annotation and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway enrichment analysis.