Burden of ischemic heart disease in China from 1990 to 2021: Data from the global disease burden database 2021.

Objectives: This study aims to analyze the disease burden of ischemic heart disease (IHD) in China from 1990 to 2021 utilizing data from Global Burden of Disease (GBD) 2021 database.

Methods: Data from the GBD 2021 database were used to evaluate the prevalence, incidence, mortality, disability-adjusted life years (DALYs), years lived with disability (YLDs), and years of life lost (YLLs) attributable to IHD in China from 1990 to 2021. Age-standardized rates and Joinpoint analysis were employed to assess temporal trends, with comparisons across gender and age groups.

Farnesoid X Receptor Alleviates Cisplatin-Induced Kidney Inflammatory Injury by Inhibiting Tlr4/NF-κB Pathway.

Inflammatory responses play a critical role in cisplatin-induced acute kidney injury (AKI). Farnesoid X receptor (FXR) has been shown to mitigate kidney dysfunction, but its mechanism remains unclear. This study aims to explore whether FXR reduces cisplatin-induced AKI by modulating inflammation.

Assessment of the rat acute oral toxicity of quinoline-based pharmaceutical scaffold molecules using QSTR, q-RASTR and machine learning methods.

Quinoline is a common pharmaceutical scaffold molecule known for its wide range of biological and pharmacological activities, including antimalarial, antitumor, and antibacterial effects. With the continuous discovery of new bioactivities, there is a growing demand for the design and development of novel quinoline-based drugs. However, drug development is time-consuming and costly, and traditional toxicity testing methods such as animal experiments are resource-intensive.

Reduction mechanism of XOR-mediated nitroaromatics hypoxia targeted AGT inhibitors: Molecular docking, MD simulation and ONIOM (QM/MM) investigation.

Hypoxia-activated nitroaromatic compounds represent a promising strategy for developing tumor-targeted O-alkylguanine-DNA alkyltransferase (AGT) inhibitors, crucial for enhancing alkylating agent efficacy in cancer therapy. In this study, we investigated the reduction mechanisms of two hypoxia-activated AGT inhibitors, 2-nitro-6-benzyloxypurine (2-NBP) and O-(3-nitro)benzylguanine (3-NBG), mediated by xanthine oxidoreductase (XOR) using molecular docking, molecular dynamics (MD) simulations, and quantum mechanics/molecular mechanics (QM/MM) calculations. Docking revealed that both inhibitors bind XOR's active site, with their nitroaromatic rings stacking over the flavin's isoalloxazine ring, mainly through hydrophobic interactions.

Portulaca oleracea L. Extract and Its Alkaloid Oleracein E Alleviates Cardiac Remodeling and Heart Failure in Mice by Targeting STAT2 Through the MAPK Signaling Inflammatory Pathway.

Hypertensive heart failure pathogenesis involves angiotensin II (Ang II)-mediated mechanisms through both hemodynamic overload and direct cellular signaling pathways. This study investigates the therapeutic potential of Portulaca oleracea L. (POL) extract and its active constituent Oleracein E (OE) in attenuating Ang II-induced pathological cardiac remodeling and subsequent heart failure progression.

Failure control of large-scale exposed tunnels under the combined effects of excavation damage and dynamic disturbance at a depth of 1240 m.

The stability of deeply buried tunnels is significantly influenced by the combined effects of primary joint fissures, blasting-induced damage, high-stress environments, and dynamic disturbances, all of which are key contributors to rock instability. The instability characteristics of rock masses under varying disturbance frequencies and amplitudes remain unclear, making it difficult to establish a reliable basis for tunnel management. This study measured the distribution of joint fissures on the tunnel surface at a burial depth of 1240 m, investigated rock failure characteristics through low-frequency perturbation true triaxial experiments, and analyzed support designs incorporating various combinations of metal mesh, bolts, anchor cables, and shotcrete.

Integrated Metabolomic and Transcriptomic Analysis Reveals the Molecular Regulatory Mechanism of Gamma-Aminobutyric Acid Accumulation in White Quinoa ( Willd.) in Response to Dark and Ultrasound Stress.

Gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) is a nonprotein amino acid, which confers stress resistance to plants. Precise mechanisms underlying GABA accumulation in quinoa () subjected to dark and ultrasonic stresses have not been elucidated. We conducted transcriptome and metabolome analyses of quinoa samples exposed to various stress treatments to reveal molecular pathways leading to GABA accumulation.

Study on the effect of deer bone in improving rheumatoid arthritis based on the "drug-target-pathway" association network.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: Deer bone is rich in proteins, free amino acids, chondroitin, organic calcium, phosphorus ions, and other active components. Deer bone had been used widely in antiquity and were first compiled in renowned ancient masterpiece 'Mingyi Bielu ()' written by Hongjing Tao. The deer bone is recorded as non-toxic and has the effects of replenishing bones, strengthening sinews, expelling wind-dampness from the body, promoting muscle growth, and healing wounds.

Natural small molecule thymoquinone increases the chemosensitivity of glioblastoma to temozolomide through inhibiting Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway to downregulate MGMT expression: In vitro and in vivo validation.

Temozolomide (TMZ) is the only one oral first-line chemotherapeutic drug for glioblastoma treatment. However, O-methylguanine-DNA methyltransferase (MGMT) can repair the lethal O-methylguaine (O-MeG) lesion produced by TMZ, thus imparting resistance to TMZ. Currently, the clinical utility of small molecule covalent MGMT inhibitors is limited by the occurrence of severe hematological toxicity.

Genome-Wide Identification and Expression Profiling of the Invertase Genes Involved in Sugar Metabolism and Accumulation in .

Invertase (INV, EC3.2.1.

Remote ischaemic pre-conditioning, kidney injury, and outcomes after coronary angiography and intervention: a randomized trial.

Background And Aims: Remote ischaemic pre-conditioning (RIPC) delivered shortly prior to an angiographic procedure may reduce contrast-associated acute kidney injury (CA-AKI). Whether a longer interval between RIPC and contrast administration also reduces CA-AKI and post-procedural complications after coronary angiography (CAG) or percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) is unknown.

Methods: This was a multicentre, randomized trial of patients at risk of CA-AKI undergoing elective CAG or PCI comparing delayed RIPC (four cycles of 5 min inflations on one upper arm 24 h before the procedure) with sham RIPC.

Structural insights and therapeutic potential of plant-based pectin as novel therapeutic for type 2 diabetes mellitus: A review.

Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a global health challenge with limited efficacy of current treatments, necessitating alternative therapies. Plant-derived pectin, composed of galacturonic acid and structural domains such as homogalacturonan, has shown promise as an anti-diabetic agent. Pectin exerts its therapeutic effects through multiple mechanisms, including enhancing β-cell function, regulating glucose metabolism, improving insulin sensitivity, inhibiting digestive enzymes, and restoring gut microbiota balance.

Infection of Various Varieties by Triggers the Synthesis of Defensive Secondary Metabolites and Their Antifungal Mechanisms.

Infection with triggers the production of defensive secondary metabolites in plants, with varying levels observed across two alfalfa varieties. Among the six metabolites identified, 3-indoleacrylic acid (YD) and 3-ethynylaniline (EL) exhibited antifungal activity, achieving inhibition rates of 82.21 and 66.

Identification of splenic IRF7 as a nanotherapy target for tele-conditioning myocardial reperfusion injury.

The sequestration of nanoparticles by mononuclear phagocyte system is a challenge for the use of nanotherapy for treating cardiovascular diseases due to the conventionally perceived loss of therapeutic potency. Here, we revitalize cardiovascular nanotherapy by unlocking an alternative route in which nanomedicines are redirected to the spleen, leveraging its potential as a highly efficient and targeted site for remote conditioning, or tele-conditioning myocardial reperfusion injury. The theoretical foundation underpinning is the splenogenic nature of recruited monocytes upon myocardial reperfusion in the acute stage, which is confirmed through murine heterotopic spleen transplantation.

Discovery of a novel Wnt inhibitor DK419: Reversing temozolomide resistance in glioblastoma by switching off Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway to inhibit MGMT expression.

Temozolomide (TMZ) remains the primary oral chemotherapeutic agent for glioblastoma, but its efficacy is hampered by resistance mechanisms involving O-methylguanine-DNA methyltransferase (MGMT). MGMT repairs the TMZ-induced lethal O-methylguanine (O-MeG) lesions, leading to treatment resistance. Current small molecule covalent MGMT inhibitors have limited clinical application due to severe hematological toxicity when used with TMZ.

Global sensitivity analysis of roof hazard factors based on information entropy and the surrogate model.

The prevention and management of coal mine roof accidents remain challenging issues because it is difficult to evaluate and quantify the interaction effects of the disaster hazard factors objectively. This paper proposes a novel approach: combining information entropy and the surrogate model-and applies Sobol's method, aiming to solve it and to obtain the hazard factors' 1th and the global sensitivity value without human intervention. The results show that: (1) The complex logical relationships and interactions of roof hazard factors can be transformed into quantifiable numerical values by building a co-occurrence matrix of disaster factors and calculating its information entropy.

An evidence-based tailored eHealth patient education tool for patients with knee osteoarthritis: A randomized controlled trial.

Background: An evidence-based eHealth education tool was developed for patients with knee osteoarthritis (KOA). This study aimed to evaluate the long-term effectiveness on patient knowledge level and analyzed the patient's satisfaction with the proposed tool.

Methods: A two-arm randomized controlled trial was performed, with 218 KOA patients allocated 1:1 to two groups by balanced block randomization.

A Dual-Cycle Isothermal Amplification Method for microRNA Detection: Combination of a Duplex-Specific Nuclease Enzyme-Driven DNA Walker with Improved Catalytic Hairpin Assembly.

The association between microRNAs and various diseases, especially cancer, has been established in recent years, indicating that miRNAs can potentially serve as biomarkers for these diseases. Determining miRNA concentrations in biological samples is crucial for disease diagnosis. Nevertheless, the stem-loop reverse transcription quantitative PCR method, the gold standard for detecting miRNA, has great challenges in terms of high costs and enzyme limitations when applied to clinical biological samples.

Effects of Nutrition-Specific Interventions to Prevent and Control Nutrition-Related Anemia in Infants, Children, and Adolescents: A Systematic Review and Network Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials.

Background: Anemia is a prevalent health issue among children and adolescents worldwide, with malnutrition being among the most common causes. Nutrition-related anemia can be prevented or controlled through targeted interventions.

Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the effects of nutrition interventions on ferritin concentration, hemoglobin concentration, anemia prevalence, and nutrition-related anemia prevalence in infants, children, and adolescents-and to compare outcomes by intervention and age group using network meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.

Object detection in motion management scenarios based on deep learning.

In athletes' competitions and daily training, in order to further strengthen the athletes' sports level, it is usually necessary to analyze the athletes' sports actions at a specific moment, in which it is especially important to quickly and accurately identify the categories and positions of the athletes, sports equipment, field boundaries and other targets in the sports scene. However, the existing detection methods failed to achieve better detection results, and the analysis found that the reasons for this phenomenon mainly lie in the loss of temporal information, multi-targeting, target overlap, and coupling of regression and classification tasks, which makes it more difficult for these network models to adapt to the detection task in this scenario. Based on this, we propose for the first time a supervised object detection method for scenarios in the field of motion management.

MiR-21 suppression in macrophages promotes M2-like polarization and attenuates kidney ischemia-reperfusion injury.

MicroRNA-21 (miR-21) is one of the most frequently upregulated miRNAs in response to kidney ischemia-reperfusion (IR) injury, exhibiting both protective and pathogenic effects depending on the cell type, disease state, and target signaling. In this study, we analyzed the function of miR-21 in various cell types to elucidate its role in ischemia-induced inflammation and acute kidney injury (AKI). Utilizing a mouse model of IR injury, we observed significant upregulation of miR-21 in renal tubular epithelial cells and macrophages following IR.

High-throughput prediction of oral acute toxicity in Rat and Mouse of over 100,000 polychlorinated persistent organic pollutants (PC-POPs) by interpretable data fusion-driven machine learning global models.

This study utilized available oral acute toxicity data in Rat and Mouse for polychlorinated persistent organic pollutants (PC-POPs) to construct data fusion-driven machine learning (ML) global models. Based on atom-centered fragments (ACFs), the collected high-throughput data overcame the applicability limitations, enabling accurate toxicity prediction for a wide range of PC-POPs series compounds using only single models. The data variances in the Rat training and test sets were 1.

Novel strategies to overcome chemoresistance in human glioblastoma.

Temozolomide (TMZ) is currently the first-line chemotherapeutic agent for the treatment of glioblastoma multiforme (GBM). However, the inherent heterogeneity of GBM often results in suboptimal outcomes, particularly due to varying degrees of resistance to TMZ. Over the past several decades, O-methylguanine-DNA methyltransferase (MGMT)-mediated DNA repair pathway has been extensively investigated as a target to overcome TMZ resistance.

[Effects of simulated repeated transcranial acupuncture on learning and memory and cerebral microvascular flow in vascular dementia rats].

Objectives: To observe the effect of simulated repeated transcranial acupuncture (rTAS) on learning and memory abilities and cerebral microvascular flow in vascular dementia (VD) model rats, so as to explore the potential mechanism of rTAS in treating VD.

Methods: Thirty-two Wistar rats were randomly divided into normal, model, acupuncture and rTAS groups (=8 rats in each group). The VD model was established by permanent ligation of bilateral common carotid arteries.

Effect of Delayed Remote Ischemic Preconditioning on Acute Kidney Injury and Outcomes in Patients Undergoing Cardiac Surgery: A Randomized Clinical Trial.

Background: Remote ischemic preconditioning (RIPC) has 2 time windows for organ protection: acute and delayed. Previous studies have mainly focused on the organoprotective effects of acute RIPC. We aimed to determine whether delayed RIPC can reduce the occurrence of acute kidney injury (AKI) and postoperative complications in patients undergoing cardiac surgery.