Carbon-Degrading Gene Resistance Contributes to Microbial Thermal Adaptation of Soil Carbon Decomposition.

The thermal adaptation of the microbial community can potentially mitigate the positive feedback between soil carbon loss and climate change. However, the mechanistic basis of this process remains unclear, particularly the link between functional genes and microbial metabolic physiology in regulating the thermal response of soil carbon decomposition. While most experimental warming studies have examined elevated mean temperatures, the magnitude of temperature fluctuations is also increasing under climate change and may impose distinct ecological effects on microbial processes.

Identification and preclinical efficacy evaluation of two lytic bacteriophages targeting highly virulent and multidrug-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae.

Background: The emergence of MDR K. pneumoniae poses a critical challenge in treating respiratory-associated pneumonia. Bacteriophages are promising antibiotic alternatives with unique features.

Presence of Human-Associated Clade Marker Gene HAC-G19 in Streptococcus suis Isolated From Humans and Swine.

Streptococcus suis is a zoonotic pathogen contributing to human and pig infections. Effective techniques to distinguish pathogenic from non-pathogenic pathotypes of S. suis is required for public health surveillance.

Usefulness of the preoperative Prognostic Immune and Nutritional Index as a prognostic predictor for patients with gastric cancer.

The Prognostic Immune and Nutritional Index (PINI), integrating albumin and monocyte counts, has emerged as a potential prognostic biomarker in gastrointestinal cancer. The present study aimed to evaluate its predictive value in patients with gastric cancer (GC) undergoing radical gastrectomy. A retrospective cohort study of 82 patients with GC treated at a single institute between January 2016 and December 2019 was conducted.

Comparative analysis of skin transcriptome reveals differences of cashmere fineness in different body parts of Inner Mongolia cashmere goats.

Objective: The growth and development of secondary hair follicle largely dictates the economic value of cashmere traits, significantly influencing the quality of cashmere fineness. Previous studies have primarily concentrated on the periodic growth regulation of hair follicles in Inner Mongolia cashmere goats (IMCGs) and identified numerous candidate genes that influence cashmere traits. However, research remains limited regarding the factors and regulatory mechanisms that affect cashmere fineness in different body parts.

Prospection for potential new non-ribosomal peptide gene clusters in genus isolated from fermented foods and soil through genome mining.

Experimental studies, though often very costly, lead to the discovery of known antimicrobial products. Yet, pathogenic microorganisms are proving increasingly resistant to pre-existing antimicrobial molecules, and this is a cause for worldwide concern. Therefore, it is necessary to search for new molecules that could serve as alternatives in the food, medical and agricultural sectors.

Population Genomics, Virulence Traits, and Antimicrobial Resistance of Isolated in China.

is a significant zoonotic pathogen of public health importance. In this study, whole-genome sequencing of 177 isolates of , isolated from diseased swine across 15 provinces in China between 2017 and 2019, was performed. A total of 23 serotypes and 28 ST types were identified, with serotypes 2 and 3 comprising 50.

Genomic Selection for Early Growth Traits in Inner Mongolian Cashmere Goats Using ABLUP, GBLUP, and ssGBLUP Methods.

This study aimed to identify the best model and method for the genomic selection of early growth traits in Inner Mongolian cashmere goats (IMCGs). Using data from 50,728 SNPs, the phenotypes (birth weight, BW; weaning weight, WW; daily weight gain, DWG; and yearling weight, YW) of 2256 individuals, and pedigree information from 14,165 individuals, fixed effects were analyzed using a generalized linear model. Four single-trait animal models with varying combinations of individual and maternal effects were evaluated using the ABLUP, GBLUP, and ssGBLUP methods.

Patterns and drivers of soil microbial carbon use efficiency across soil depths in forest ecosystems.

Subsoils below 30 cm store more than half of global soil carbon. Microbial carbon use efficiency (CUE) serves as a key indicator of microbial control over soil carbon turnover, but the general patterns and drivers of microbial CUE across soil depths remain poorly understood. Here, we report a decreasing trend in microbial CUE with increasing soil depths through large-scale soil sampling across 60 sites spanning tropical to boreal forests.

Polystyrene nanoplastics exposure induces cognitive impairment in mice via induction of oxidative stress and ERK/MAPK-mediated neuronal cuproptosis.

Background: Recent studies emphasize the significance of copper dyshomeostasis in neurodegenerative diseases, such as Alzheimer's and Parkinson's, thereby highlighting the role of copper in neurotoxicity. Cuproptosis, a novel mechanism of copper-dependent cell death, remains underexplored, particularly concerning environmental pollutants like polystyrene nanoplastics (PS-NPs). While PS-NPs are recognized for inducing neurotoxicity through various forms of cell death, including apoptosis and ferroptosis, their potential to trigger neuronal cuproptosis has not yet been investigated.

Trace amine-associated receptors as potential targets for the treatment of anxiety and depression.

In the metabolic pathways associated with major biogenic amines, such as dopamine, noradrenaline, and serotonin, there exists a group of compounds known as trace amines. These trace amines share structural similarities with the major biogenic amines. Since the discovery of trace amine-associated receptors (TAARs) that are activated by trace amines, numerous studies have suggested that these receptors, particularly the TAAR1 subfamily, play a role in modulating the stress response and are involved in stress-related psychiatric disorders, including depression, bipolar disorder, and anxiety.

Serotype Distribution and Pathotypic Characteristics of Isolates from Slaughtered Pigs in a High-Density Pig Farming Area in Thailand.

is a significant bacterial pathogen in the swine industry and represents a zoonotic threat to human health. This study aimed to investigate the prevalence, serotype distribution, and pathotypic characteristics of isolates obtained from nasopharyngeal swabs of slaughtered pigs in the high-density swine farming region of Thailand. Among 322 swab samples, 194 samples (60.

Co-exposure to ozone and polystyrene nanoplastic exacerbates cognitive impairment and anxiety-like behavior by regulating neuronal pyroptosis in mice.

Ozone (O) and nanoplastics (NPs) are pervasive environmental pollutants that frequently co-occur in our heavily industrialized era. While it has been documented that exposure to O or NPs individually has neurotoxic effects, studies investigating their combined impact and the hazardous mechanisms resulting from co-exposure are limited. In this study, we established a mouse model co-exposure to polystyrene nanoparticles (PS-NPs) and O, focusing on the prefrontal cortex (PFC), a brain region crucial for cognition and emotion.

Mechanisms Underlying the Effects of Secretory Protein on Biological Characteristics and Virulence of .

serotype 2 (SS2) is an important zoonotic pathogen that seriously harms the swine industry and human health. However, its pathogenic mechanisms are largely unknown, and the few virulence factors reported so far are insufficient to systematically explain its infectious and pathogenic mechanisms. In preliminary research, we identified a gene named encoding a hypothetical secreted protein that may be closely associated with the high-level pathogenicity of .

Assessment of genomic prediction capabilities of transcriptome data in a barley multi-parent RIL population.

The field of genomic selection (GS) is advancing rapidly on many fronts including the utilization of multi-omics datasets with the goal to increase prediction ability (PA) and to become an integral part of an increasing number of breeding programs ensuring future food security. In this study, we used RNA sequencing (RNA-Seq) data to perform genomic prediction (GP) on three related barley RIL populations investigating the potential of increasing PA by combining genomic and transcriptomic datasets, adding whole genome sequencing (WGS) SNP data, functional parameter filtering, and empirical quality filtering. Our RNA-Seq data were generated cost-efficiently using small footprint plant cultivation, high-throughput RNA extraction, and library preparation miniaturization.

Severity Indices of Diquat Poisoning for Triage and Prognosis in Acute Diquat Poisoning: A Multicenter Prospective Cohort Study.

Study Objective: To enable emergency physicians to make well-informed triage and treatment decisions, accurate tools to evaluate the severity of diquat poisoning are needed. This study establishes severity indices for diquat poisoning (SIDPs) in assessing the risk of death for patients with acute diquat poisoning for triage purposes and 28-day mortality.

Methods: This multicenter cohort study involved 204 patients.

RBAD: the first database dedicated alterations of blood RNA in individuals with Alzheimer's disease and their clinical relevance.

Alzheimer's disease-associated transcriptomic landscapes have been defined in brain tissue. However, changes in blood RNA and their clinical relevance remain poorly understood. In this study, we developed an RNA profile based on 1468 blood samples from both human and mouse studies, which include bulk RNA sequencing (RNA-seq), microRNA-seq, and single-cell RNA-seq data.

Genomic characterization of Streptococcus suis serotype 31 isolated from one human and 17 clinically asymptomatic pigs in Thailand.

Streptococcus suis is a zoonotic pathogen capable of causing severe diseases in humans and pigs. Frequently, S. suis serotype 31 strains have been isolated from pigs.

A comparative proteomic-based study identifies essential factors involved in hair follicle growth in inner Mongolia cashmere goats.

Renowned for its invaluable undercoat, the cashmere goat is well known. The growth of cashmere fibre initiates when the relatively inactive telogen stage transitions to the anagen stage, which involves active proliferation. However, the molecular mechanisms responsible for this process are still unclear.

Unprotected carbon dominates decadal soil carbon increase.

Changes in the distribution of soil organic carbon (SOC) fractions - particulate organic carbon (POC; unprotected carbon) vs. mineral-associated organic carbon (MAOC; protected carbon) - affect SOC storage and stability. Here, we compile a SOC fraction dataset from 7219 soil samples across six continents.

[Effect of electroacupuncture on the expressions of myelin-related proteins in the hippocampus of mice with Alzheimer's disease].

Objectives: To observe the effects of electroacupuncture (EA) on anxiety-like behavior, learning and memory ability and expressions of myelin-related proteins in the hippocampus of senescence accelerated mice prone 8 (SAMP8), so as to explore the mechanism of EA in improving Alzheimer's disease (AD) from the perspective of myelin sheath injury and regeneration.

Methods: Twenty-four male SAMP8 mice were randomly and equally divided into model group and EA group. Twelve male SAMR1 mice of the same age as SAMP8 mice were used as the control group.

Melatonin protects against cadmium-induced endoplasmic reticulum stress and ferroptosis through activating Nrf2/HO-1 signaling pathway in mice lung.

Cadmium (Cd) is a prevalent heavy metal pollutant known to cause lung damage. However, the mechanisms underlying Cd-induced lung injury and the associated therapeutic strategies remain unclear. By establishing Cd-induced lung damage models both in vivo and in vitro, we observed that Cd inhibited the Nrf2/HO-1 signaling pathway, disrupted the redox balance in lung tissue, accelerated endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress, and promoted ferroptosis, ultimately leading to lung injury.

Electrochemiluminescence Resonance Energy Transfer Biosensor for the Human-Associated Clade of Based on Prereduction-Enhanced Yttrium MOFs.

, a significant zoonotic pathogen, annually caused substantial economic losses in the swine industry and had intensified threat to public health due to the recent emergence of human-associated clade. In this study, we discovered that the rare-earth metal-based metal-organic frameworks (Y-BTC) possessed excellent ECL capabilities. After prereduction at high voltage, its ECL intensity was enhanced by two times.

Development and Validation of a 5K Liquid Chip for Identifying Cashmere Goat Populations in Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region.

(1) Background: Cashmere goats, as one of the characteristic species, are rich in genetic resources. Protecting and rationally utilizing these genetic resources is of great significance for the genetic improvement of cashmere goats. (2) Methods: In this study, tissue samples were collected from , which included the Arbas type (); Erlangshan type (); Alashan type (), (), and ().