Self-Cross-Linking Hydrophobic Flame-Retardant Fluorescent Aerogel without External Modifiers.

Hydrophobizing hydrophilic aerogels is both necessary and complex, as the introduction of hydrophobic modifiers often compromises key properties, such as density and mechanical performance. In this study, we demonstrate a self-cross-linking hydrophobic flame-retardant fluorescent aerogel without the use of external modifiers. We explore the chemical reaction between a maleic anhydride copolymer and ammonia, leading to a ring-opening reaction that interacts with the carboxyl and hydroxyl groups of ammonium alginate.

Starch-based biodegradable active intelligent packaging with color superimposition via emulsion electrospinning nanofiber for meat freshness monitoring and shelf-life extension.

Developing sustainable and multifunctional intelligent packaging systems has emerged as a highly promising approach to reducing plastic pollution, minimizing food waste, and enhancing food safety. In this research, a biodegradable intelligent active packaging with a dual pH-responsive system was created by incorporating fat-soluble curcumin (CUR) and water-soluble roselle anthocyanins (RSA) into core and shell, respectively, of starch-based fibers using emulsion electrospinning. Octenyl succinic anhydride starch/polyvinyl alcohol complexes functioned as both fiber wall materials and emulsifiers, stabilizing double-loaded nano-emulsions (88.

Case Report: A case of interstitial pneumonia in a colorectal cancer patient with a history of lung cancer treated with cetuximab.

Purpose: This study aims to investigate the pathogenesis, clinical manifestations, and prognosis of interstitial lung disease (ILD) induced by cetuximab.

Patients And Methods: A single case of a colorectal cancer patient who underwent radical resection and descending colon-rectal anastomosis for sigmoid colon cancer on October 22, 2020, was selected. Postoperative pathology revealed moderately differentiated adenocarcinoma confined to the mucosa, measuring approximately 0.

All-Weather, Multiscenario, Intelligent Durable Cooling Textiles.

Radiative cooling textiles offer a sustainable energy-free approach to human thermal management by dissipating body heat. However, existing designs often suffer from overheating and overcooling due to their inability to adapt to dynamic environmental changes across time and space. Here, we present an all-weather, multiscenario with self-regulation thermal management intelligent cooling textile capable of self-regulating human thermal comfort around an optimal body temperature of 26 °C.

Cellular Landscape of Synovial Chondromatosis Synovium Revealed by Single-Cell RNA Sequencing.

Synovial chondromatosis (SC) is a rare joint disorder characterized by cartilaginous loose bodies, yet its cellular underpinnings remain incompletely understood. To define the cellular landscape in SC, single-cell RNA sequencing was performed on synovial tissue obtained from both healthy individuals and SC patients. Analysis of this comprehensive dataset revealed significant alterations in the cellular composition and unique transcriptional profiles of key synovial cell populations within SC synovium.

Analysis of the controlling factors for sweet spots in lacustrine shale based on core experiments and 2D NMR logging.

The Gulong shale in the Songliao Basin, characterized by its high clay content, poses significant challenges for the identification of sweet spots. To address this, a novel temperature-dependent retorting and 2D NMR joint experimental approach was developed to investigate the fluid characteristics of the Gulong shale under varying occurrence states. The experimental results demonstrated that the pore fluids in Gulong shale are composed of multiple components, including free water, capillary bound water, clay bound water, bound oil in small inorganic pores, adsorbed oil in organic pores, free oil in large inorganic pores, and bitumen.

Scalable Low-Carbon Ambient-Dried Foam-Like Aerogels for Radiative Cooling with Extreme Environmental Resistance.

Aerogels have emerged as promising passive radiant cooling materials, offering a sustainable solution to mitigate global warming. However, the energy- and resource-intensive fabrication processes and insufficient environmental durability of current aerogels pose significant challenges for industrial scalability and long-term energy-saving applications. Here, a scalable low-carbon ambient-dried foam-like aerogel (GMSx) with integrated radiative cooling and fire/harsh-conditions resistance is reported.

Single-cell transcriptomics analysis of the healing process of ligament rupture.

Aims: The repair process of ligament ruptures is a complex phenomenon involving three stages: early, repair, and remodelling. This study aimed to investigate the cellular and genetic aspects related to the repair and healing of ligament ruptures using single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) on anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) tissues.

Methods: A comprehensive examination was conducted on ACL tissues from three healthy individuals and three patients with ligament ruptures at different timepoints (one week, three weeks, and six months post-injury).

Lightweight Ambient-Dried Biobased Aerogels with Superior Fire Safety and Mechanical Durability for Thermal Insulation.

Biobased aerogels have emerged as promising thermal-insulation materials, offering a sustainable solution to mitigate global energy consumption. However, achieving aerogels with high environmental adaptability that combine thermal resistance, reliable fire safety, structural and mechanical durability, and energy-efficient fabrication processes remains a significant challenge. Herein, a low-carbon thermal-insulation aerogel is developed by integrating a synergistic carbonization design with green ambient drying techniques.

Lactate-mediated metabolic reprogramming of tumor-associated macrophages: implications for tumor progression and therapeutic potential.

The tumor microenvironment (TME) is characterized by distinct metabolic adaptations that not only drive tumor progression but also profoundly influence immune responses. Among these adaptations, lactate, a key metabolic byproduct of aerobic glycolysis, accumulates in the TME and plays a pivotal role in regulating cellular metabolism and immune cell function. Tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs), known for their remarkable functional plasticity, serve as critical regulators of the immune microenvironment and tumor progression.

m276-SL-PBD eradicates tumors and instigates long-lasting tumor-free survival in Merkel cell carcinoma preclinical models.

Merkel cell carcinoma (MCC) is a rare but aggressive neuroendocrine carcinoma, and immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) are the only approved therapy; nonetheless, resistance is notable and there is a critical need for novel effective therapies. Recently, CD276 was identified as a promising therapeutic target in human cancers. In preclinical studies, a modified CD276 antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) with pyrrolobenzodiazepine (m276-SL-PBD) elicited more potent anti-tumor effects than two CD276 ADCs currently in clinical trials.

Efficacy and safety of hydromorphone for postoperative patient-controlled intravenous analgesia for patients undergoing orthopedic surgery: a randomized, double-blinded controlled trial.

Background: The study aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of hydromorphone in postoperative patient-controlled intravenous analgesia (PCIA) for orthopedic surgery patients, offering a reference for postoperative pain management in this patient population.

Methods: This was a prospective, randomized, double-blinded, controlled trial involving 80 patients aged 23 to 64 years undergoing elective orthopedic surgery. All participants were randomly assigned to the test group (Group H) and the control group (Group C) by the random number table method.

Dynamics of Ferrofluid Droplet Impact on Slippery Liquid-Infused Porous Surfaces.

In this study, the impact of ferrofluid droplets on slippery liquid-infused porous surfaces (SLIPS) is explored. A model is proposed to take account of the reduction in the initial volume of the ferrofluid droplet caused by the nonuniform external magnetic field. Five modes are identified based on the distinctive postimpact characteristics, and the corresponding phase diagram is summarized.

Leucine-Rich Repeat Kinase 1 Signaling Targets Proteins Critical for Endosome/Lysosome Sorting and Trafficking in Osteoclasts.

Global knockout (KO) of the gene in mice causes severe osteopetrosis because of the failure of osteoclasts to resorb bone. The molecular mechanism of LRRK1 regulation of osteoclast function is not fully understood. Here, we performed a 2D DIGE phosphor-proteomics analysis to identify potential LRRK1 targets in osteoclasts.

An mRNA Vaccine for Herpes Zoster and Its Efficacy Evaluation in Naïve/Primed Murine Models.

An overwhelming burden to clinics, herpes zoster (HZ), or shingles, is a painful disease that occurs frequently among aged individuals with a varicella-zoster virus (VZV) infection history. The cause of shingles is the reactivation of dormant VZV in the dorsal root ganglia/cranial nerves of the human body. Patients with HZ experience sharp, intense, electric shock-like pain, which makes their health-related quality of life (HRQoL) extremely low.

Structural and gelation properties of soy protein isolates-sesbania gum gels: effects of ultrasonic pretreatment and CaSO concentration.

This study aimed to investigate the influence of ultrasound treatment on the structural and gelation properties of soy protein isolate (SPI)-sesbania gum (SG) composite gels induced by varying concentrations of CaSO. The results showed that ultrasound treatment at amplitudes ranging from 20 % to 60 % for 10 min improved protein solubility, rheological properties and gel strength. The addition of CaSO (15 to 35 mM) further increased gel hardness but caused a decline in the water-holding capacity (WHC).

Effect of hot-air drying on the structure, physicochemical properties, and digestibility of corn germ protein from two cultivars cultivated in East China.

In recent times, the use of corn germ protein (CGP) has become more widespread. However, hot-air drying does not consider its effect and variability on the CGP properties. This study involved drying two types of corn grains from two different cultivars (Denghai-685 and Xianyu-335) cultivated in East China.

The regulatory role of lncRNA in tumor drug resistance: refracting light through a narrow aperture.

As living conditions improve and diagnostic capabilities advance, the incidence of tumors has increased, with cancer becoming a leading cause of death worldwide. Surgery, chemotherapy, and radiotherapy are the most common treatments. Despite advances in treatment options, chemotherapy remains a routine first-line treatment for most tumors.

Butyrate Regulates Intestinal DNA Virome and Lipopolysaccharide Levels to Prevent High-Fat Diet-Related Liver Damage in Rats.

As the adsorption receptor of bacteriophage tail protein, bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS) is a main culprit responsible for nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) caused by high-fat diets. However, few studies have focused on how the interaction between intestinal bacteriophages and bacterial LPS affects the development and progression of NAFLD. Herein, we determined that excessive fat intake significantly increases the levels of endogenous LPS, while the administration of beneficial metabolites of the intestinal microbiota (specifically butyrate) alleviated hepatic injury in rats.

Heterogeneity of fibroblasts from different anatomical sites in healthy human knee ligaments revealed by single-cell RNA sequencing.

Knee ligaments are important structures that determine the locomotor function of the knee. In this paper, we identified and analyzed the cell types and compositions of ligaments from different parts of the healthy knee joint. By single-cell sequencing of approximately 106,077 extracted cells, we established a comprehensive cellular profile of ligaments in other parts of the knee joints of 15 healthy subjects and explored the more critical heterogeneity of fibroblasts.

Development of a prognostic model for patients with extensive-stage small cell lung cancer undergoing immunotherapy and chemotherapy.

Purpose: In this study, we aimed to develop a predictive model for patients receiving chemotherapy and immunotherapy for extensive-stage small cell lung cancer.

Methods: We retrospectively analyzed 112 extensive-stage small cell lung cancer patients treated with first-line immunotherapy and chemotherapy. The relevant clinical data were collected to evaluate the changes during the treatment.

Single-cell RNA sequencing generates an atlas of normal tibia cartilage under mechanical loading conditions.

Chondrocytes in articular cartilage can secrete extracellular matrix to maintain cartilage homeostasis. It is well known that articular cartilage chondrocytes are sensitive to mechanical loading and that mechanical stimuli can be translated to biological processes. This study provides deep insight into the impact of mechanical loading on chondrocytes via single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq).

The role of mitochondrial biogenesis, mitochondrial dynamics and mitophagy in gastrointestinal tumors.

Gastrointestinal tumors remain the leading causes of cancer-related deaths, and their morbidity and mortality remain high, which imposes a great socio-economic burden globally. Mitochondrial homeostasis depend on proper function and interaction of mitochondrial biogenesis, mitochondrial dynamics (fission and fusion) and mitophagy. Recent studies have demonstrated close implication of mitochondrial homeostasis in gastrointestinal tumorigenesis and development.

Respirator-inspired shielding and catalytic oxidation strategies for smoke-suppression polymers, enhancing fire safety.

Polymeric materials pose potential fire hazards to both humans and property because of their intrinsic flammability and the toxic smoke generated by them upon burning. Lowering the risk by relying on traditional firefighting approaches is not timely and sufficient. Herein, analogous to wearing intelligent and responsive respirators, we introduced a universal smoke-suppression and flame-retardant strategy for flammable materials by forming a shield for protection and catalytic oxidation of smoke.