A metagenome-wide association study of gut microbiota in hepatitis B virus-related cirrhosis in northwest China.

Background And Purpose: In recent years, research on the relationship between hepatitis B virus-related cirrhosis (HBV-LC) and gut microbiota has grown, but studies focusing on the Northwest Chinese population are scarce. This study characterized the gut microbiota composition and function in HBV-LC patients vs. healthy individuals in Northwest China, aiming to provide a scientific basis for region-specific precision therapies.

Antimicrobial drug susceptibility testing for the management of infection in personalized eradication therapy.

is a gram-negative bacterium that associated with diseases such as gastritis, peptic ulcer and gastric cancer. In recent years, various treatment options have been evaluated, such as bismuth-containing quadruple therapy, high-dose dual therapy, and the use of acid-suppressing drugs such as Vonoprazan, however, the effectiveness of eradication treatment is still dramatically decreasing due to the rising antibiotic resistance rate, and successful eradication of has become a major public health problem. Therefore a promising strategy against drug-resistant is to individualize treatment based on the outcome of antibiotic resistance.

Redox-responsive self-targeting carrier-free nanotherapeutic agent with ROS storm for enhancing tumor oxidative stress.

The synergistic therapy of ROS storm and chemotherapy based on nanotherapeutic agent can achieve the efficient oncotherapy. Nevertheless, low drug payload, poor tumor targeting, and undesirable side effect have greatly impeded the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) storm in tumor site. Herein, both the chemo-drug methotrexate (MTX, a specific targeting ligand towards folate receptors) and D-α-tocopherol succinate (TOS) are covalently linked by redox-responsive disulfide bond to obtain a self-targeting prodrug (termed as TOS-SS-MTX).

Unraveling the role of discoidin domain receptors as an anti-fibrotic target in various organs: A comprehensive review.

Discoidin domain receptors (DDRs) are a family of tyrosine kinase transmembrane receptors composed of discoidin domain receptor 1 (DDR1) and discoidin domain receptor 2 (DDR2) that interact with components of the extracellular matrix. They are involved in a broad range of important physiological processes, such as extracellular matrix signaling, cell adhesion, cell migration, and tissue fibrosis. DDR1 and DDR2 are expressed in a variety of cell and tissue types, but their expression patterns are variable and dependent on receptor type and physiological environment.

FEZF1-AS1 drives autophagy-mediated progression of colon cancer and reduces chemosensitivity through inhabiting the PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway.

The pathogenesis and chemoresistance mechanisms of colon cancer (CC) are still unclear. Here, we find that a long non-coding RNA (lncRNA), FEZ family zinc finger 1-antisense RNA 1 (FEZF1-AS1), is highly expressed in CC, which may be caused by the amplification mutation of FEZF1-AS1 at the gene level through bioinformatic analysis. FEZF1-AS1 has the potential to be a biomarker in the diagnosis of CC.

Lipid accumulation inhibition strategies alleviate Fusobacterium nucleatum-infected colorectal cancer.

Background: Fusobacterium nucleatum (F. nucleatum) is prevalent in colorectal cancer (CRC), and it can promote proliferation and induce chemoresistance via multiple pathways. The development of treatment strategies for F.

The Diagnostic Role and Potential Pharmacological Value of DDR1 in Pan-Cancer.

Introduction: Cancer remains a devastating global health burden. Despite the identification of numerous biological targets, effective therapeutic agents remain limited. As a highly promising novel target, the role of Discoid Domain Receptors (DDRs) in pan-cancer biology is still poorly characterized.

A new optical fiber sensor based on the CDs@UiO66 complex fluorescence probe for nitric oxide detection.

Nitric oxide (NO) is extensively involved in many physiological and pathological processes in biological systems and is of great significance in chemical and biomedical applications. Herein, a novel optical fiber NO sensor based on the carbon quantum dots (CDs)@UiO66 complex was prepared, in which CDs@UiO66 was encapsulated within cellulose acetate (CA) as a fluorescence probe to form the NO-sensitive film coated on the optical fiber end-face through a dip-coating method. The fluorescence properties and morphology of the CDs@UiO66 complex and its sensitive film were characterized using X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), fluorescence spectroscopy, and contact angle tests.

Breaking down physical barriers: strategies to improve lymphocyte infiltration for effective neoantigen-based therapies.

The cancer genomic instability drives the generation of neoantigens, making them ideal targets for immunotherapy. Neoantigen-specific tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes achieve precise tumor cell killing by recognizing neoantigens on the tumor surface, but their efficacy is limited by complex physical barriers within the tumor microenvironment. These barriers not only directly impede TIL migration and infiltration but also synergize with immunosuppressive signals to weaken antitumor immune responses.

New Directions in Urease Inhibitors: Focusing on Nickel Ions Transfer and Auxiliary Protein Interactions During Urease Maturation.

infection is closely linked to digestive diseases such as inflammation, ulceration, gastric cancer, and mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue lymphoma. Current treatment relies on antibiotic combinations, but antibiotic resistance increasingly undermines eradication efforts. Urease, a metalloenzyme secreted by , is crucial for bacterial colonization.

Design and discovery of novel cyclic peptides as TSP1-CD36 interaction inhibitors for intestinal fibrosis treatment.

Intestinal fibrosis is a refractory complication of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), arising from recurrent intestinal inflammation and excessive wound healing. Repeated strictures can lead to intestinal obstruction, with three-quarters of patients with strictures eventually requiring surgery, which severely impacts their quality of life. Thrombospondin-1 (TSP1) is a matricellular protein that regulates tissue fibrosis by binding to its cell membrane receptor, CD36, and activating transforming growth factor β (TGF-β).

Caspase-11 deficiency ameliorates elastase-induced abdominal aortic aneurysm in mice by suppressing inflammatory response of macrophages.

Abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) is a life-threatening, inflammation-related vascular disease lacking specific drugs. Murine caspase-11 (CASP11, its human orthologs CASP4/CASP5) is the major component of the noncanonical inflammasome. However, the role of CASP11 in AAA remains unknown.

Microbiome and fragmentation pattern of blood cell-free DNA and fecal metagenome enhance colorectal cancer micro-dysbiosis and diagnosis analysis: a proof-of-concept study.

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most common cancer, and it can be prevented by performing early screening. As a hallmark of cancer, the human microbiome plays important roles in the occurrence and development of CRC. Recently, the blood microbiome has been proposed as an effective diagnostic tool for various diseases, yet its performance on CRC deserves further exploration.

Research progress on the relationship between infection and iron deficiency anemia.

() infection affects around half of the global population and is a globally highly prevalent pathogen that is closely linked not only to gastrointestinal diseases such as chronic atrophic gastritis, functional dyspepsia and peptic ulcer but also to the development and progression of a variety of extra-gastrointestinal diseases. Numerous studies have shown the correlation between infection and iron-deficiency anemia (IDA). The prevalence of infection is higher in individuals with IDA, and the hemoglobin level of patients with IDA can be increased to different degrees or even returned to normal following active eradication.

Discoid Domain Receptors Signaling in Macrophages-Mediated Diseases.

Macrophages, as a crucial component of the body's immune system, play a vital role in the onset, progression, and outcome of diseases. Discoidin domain receptors (DDRs), important members of the novel receptor tyrosine kinase superfamily, exhibit unique functions in macrophage physiology. Through interactions with the extracellular matrix, DDRs activate signaling pathways such as p38 MAPK and NF-κB, regulating macrophage adhesion, migration, and secretory functions, thereby influencing their behavior in diseases.

Dihydromyricetin/montmorillonite intercalation compounds ameliorates DSS-induced colitis: Role of intestinal epithelial barrier, NLRP3 inflammasome pathway and gut microbiota.

Dihydromyricetin (DHM), the primary active compound in vine tea possesses various pharmacological effects such as anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties, along with high biosafety. However, its oral delivery remains a significant challenge. Montmorillonite (MMT), the primary component of bentonite, is a commonly used drug in the clinical treatment of gastrointestinal diseases and serves as an excellent drug carrier due to its intercalation capability.

DDR1 in pancreatic adenocarcinoma: unraveling the mechanisms of immune exclusion.

Background: Pancreatic adenocarcinoma (PAAD) is a deadly cancer marked by extensive collagen deposition and limited response to immunotherapy. Discoidin domain receptor1 (DDR1), part of the transmembrane receptor tyrosine kinase family, is linked to inflammation regulation and immune cell infiltration. However, its role in controlling cytokines and chemokines in the microenvironment of PAAD is still unclear.

Effects of amoxicillin dosage on cure rate, gut microbiota, and antibiotic resistome in vonoprazan and amoxicillin dual therapy for Helicobacter pylori: a multicentre, open-label, non-inferiority randomised controlled trial.

Background: Vonoprazan and amoxicillin (VA) dual therapy as a mainstream Helicobacter pylori regimen has gained momentum worldwide, but the optimum dosages remain unclear. We aimed to compare the efficacy and safety of VA dual therapy with 2 g amoxicillin or 3 g amoxicillin, and to assess the short-term effects of therapy on the gut microbiota and antibiotic resistome.

Methods: We conducted an open-label, non-inferiority randomised controlled trial at 12 centres in China.

Integrative Analysis Reveals Differential Characteristics of DDR1 Mutant and Wild-type Gastric Cancers and Constructs their Prediction Models.

Introduction: The molecular typing of gastric cancer by TCGA is significant for the precision treatment of gastric cancer. However, the molecular typing of gastric cancer by TCGA lacks the typing of the rare gene DDR1. Therefore, this study aimed to integrate the analysis to reveal the differential features of DDR1 mutant and wild-type gastric cancers and construct their prediction models.

Knowledge and Practices of Helicobacter pylori Infection Management Among Physicians in Gansu Province, China: A Cross-Sectional Study.

Background And Aims: Physicians' knowledge and practices regarding the diagnosis, treatment, and follow-up of Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection can impact the effectiveness of eradication therapy. This study aimed to investigate the current state of knowledge and practices concerning H.

Hemorrhagic Shock Caused by Spontaneous Bleeding from Early Gastric Cancer Was Successfully Cured by Emergency Endoscopic Submucosal Dissection: A Case Report.

Cases and studies of protruding early gastric cancer (EGC) combined with spontaneous bleeding are relatively rare. The current study present a female patient aged 70 to 75 years old with hemorrhagic shock caused by spontaneous bleeding from EGC type 0-Isp, which was successfully cured by rapid emergency endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD).

Sialylation in the gut: From mucosal protection to disease pathogenesis.

Sialylation, a crucial post-translational modification of glycoconjugates, entails the attachment of sialic acid (SA) to the terminal glycans of glycoproteins and glycolipids through a tightly regulated enzymatic process involving various enzymes. This review offers a comprehensive exploration of sialylation within the gut, encompassing its involvement in mucosal protection and its impact on disease progression. The sialylation of mucins and epithelial glycoproteins contributes to the integrity of the intestinal mucosal barrier.