Edge-centric Brain Connectome Representations Reveal Increased Brain Functional Diversity of Reward Circuit in Patients with Major Depressive Disorder.

Background: Major depressive disorder (MDD) has been increasingly understood as a disorder of network-level functional dysconnectivity. However, previous brain connectome studies have primarily relied on node-centric approaches, neglecting critical edge-edge interactions that may capture essential features of network dysfunction.

Methods: This study included resting-state functional MRI data from 838 MDD patients and 881 healthy controls (HC) across 23 sites.

Comorbidity of common psychiatric disorders and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder in Chinese adults.

Objective: We aimed to investigate the comorbidity and influencing factors of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) with other psychiatric disorders in Chinese adults.

Methods: Adult patients (n = 3772) diagnosed with schizophrenia (SCZ), major depressive disorder (MDD), bipolar disorder (BD), and general anxiety disorder (GAD) were enrolled in 29 sites from Oct 2022 to Jan 2024. A custom questionnaire including demographics, the Adult ADHD Symptoms Rating Scale v1.

Pharmacoepidemiologic Research Based on Common Data Models: Systematic Review and Bibliometric Analysis.

Background: The adoption of common data models (CDMs) has transformed pharmacoepidemiologic research by enabling standardized data formatting and shared analytical tools across institutions. These models facilitate large-scale, multicenter studies and support timely real-world evidence generation. However, no comprehensive global evaluation of CDM applications in pharmacoepidemiology has been conducted.

Clinical Applications and Potential Mechanism of Cold Acclimation Therapy.

Cold acclimation therapy has emerged as a notable therapeutic approach with physical therapy and clinical medicine. Driven by the rising demand for effective pain management, sports recovery, and inflammation control, several studies have examined the physiological mechanisms and diverse applications of cold acclimation therapy. Current research shows that cold acclimation therapy can effectively alleviate both acute and chronic pain, promote post-exercise recovery, and mitigate inflammatory responses.

Integrated effects of cold acclimation: physiological mechanisms, psychological adaptations, and potential applications.

Cold acclimation refers to the gradual process by which individuals adapt to cold environments. With the increasing impact of global climate change and the growing popularity of extreme sports, research on cold acclimation has attracted significant attention in fields such as sports medicine, psychology, and physiology. Evidence indicates that cold acclimation enhances athletic performance, promotes health, and contributes to disease prevention.

The hidden causes of pregnancy loss: a closer look.

Background: Unexpected pregnancy loss can be a traumatic experience for fertile couples. The aim of the study was to assess the nature and type of chromosomal variants involved in early and late pregnancy loss and provide couples an explanation on the cause of their pregnancy loss.

Methods: Investigations were conducted on 2928 pregnancy loss cases where products of conception (POC) samples could be retrieved for genetic analysis.

Characteristics of Humic Acid-Iron Colloid Stability and Its Mechanism of Binding with As(III).

The water-soil interface contains substantial amounts of dissolved organic matter (DOM) and iron minerals. However, the stability and aggregation behavior of DOM-Fe colloids under varying concentrations and mineral compositions remain unclear. Therefore, the binding behavior of these composite colloids with As(III) requires further investigation.

Aromatic Molecular Compatibility Attenuates Influenza Virus-Induced Acute Lung Injury via the Lung-Gut Axis and Lipid Droplet Modulation.

Acute lung injury (ALI) is a major cause of death in patients with various viral pneumonias. Our team previously identified four volatile compounds from aromatic Chinese medicines. Based on molecular compatibility theory, we defined their combination as aromatic molecular compatibility (AC), though its therapeutic effects and underlying mechanisms remain unclear.

The INAVA mRNA in Extracellular Vesicles Activates Normal Ovarian Fibroblasts by Phosphorylation-Ubiquitylation Crosstalk of HMGA2.

Ovarian cancer is an aggressive gynecological tumor usually diagnosed with widespread metastases. Extracellular vesicles (EVs), though recognized as important mediators of tumor metastasis, have received limited attention into their specific functions via the mRNA profiling. Here it is reported elevated expression and selective enrichment of INAVA mRNA in both plasma- and tissue-derived EVs from ovarian cancer patients, which is positively correlated with distant metastasis and poor prognosis.

Using nanocellulose to strengthen and toughen collagen-based film: Effect of carboxymethyl content of nanocellulose and relative humidity.

Collagen-based films possess numerous merits due to their biodegradability, edibility, and widespread existence. Although extensive research focuses on the mechanical strengthening of collagen films, the mechanisms underlying conformational changes of collagen during the film-forming stage and the impact of interface alterations on film's mechanical properties remain ill-defined. This work investigated the dynamic drying process of different-sized collagen fibers.

Minocycline treatment attenuates neurobehavioural abnormalities and neurostructural aberrations in the medial prefrontal cortex in mice fed a high-fat diet during adolescence.

A preference for and overconsumption of a high-fat diet (HFD) are common among adolescents and are recognized as risk factors for multiple mental disorders. The protracted maturation of the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC), a key brain structure that plays a critical role in mental functions that are essential for both developing and mature individuals (including emotional processing, decision making, risk assessment, and creative thinking), during adolescence renders it more vulnerable to the environmental insults experienced during this critical developmental window. However, the effects of HFD consumption during adolescence on mPFC-related behaviours and the underlying mechanisms need to be further investigated.

[Future-Oriented High-Quality Development of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine].

Integrated traditional Chinese and Western medicine refers to a clinical diagnosis and treatment model that incorporates the essence of traditional Chinese medicine in regard to treatment decisions based on syndrome differentiation and a reliance on modern western medicine as the basis of diagnosis and treatment. It is an organic combination of the two, with each bringing its own strengths into full play and complementing those of the other. After the founding of the People's Republic of China, the development of the integrated traditional Chinese and Western medicine has been increasingly valued.

Mitochondrial fatty acid oxidation as the target for blocking therapy-resistance and inhibiting tumor recurrence: The proof-of-principle model demonstrated for ovarian cancer cells.

Introduction: Cancer patients treated with current chemotherapeutic and targeted therapies frequently achieve partial remission, which ultimately relapse with more aggressive, drug-resistant tumor phenotypes. To a certain extent, drug-tolerant persister (DTP) cells are responsible for residual tumors after systemic anticancer therapy and the onset of acquired drug resistance. Therefore, novel therapies targeting DTP cells to prevent drug resistance and tumor recurrence are urgently needed.

Perirenal Fat and Chronic Kidney Disease: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Introduction: Although previous studies have investigated the impact of perirenal fat on chronic kidney disease (CKD), there are yet no systematic reviews and meta-analyses to investigate the association between perirenal fat and CKD.

Methods: We searched six English electronic databases including PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, Ovid, Embase, and the Cochrane Library to select clinical studies that reported the relationship between perirenal fat and CKD, and the search period ranged from the establishment of the database to September 10, 2024. Two researchers independently screened the studies and ultimately compared the literature.

Research on the performance of the SegFormer model with fusion of edge feature extraction for metal corrosion detection.

Addressing the challenge that existing deep learning models face in accurately segmenting metal corrosion boundaries and small corrosion areas. In this paper, a SegFormer metal corrosion detection method based on parallel extraction of edge features is proposed. Firstly, to solve the boundary ambiguity problem of metal corrosion images, an edge-feature extraction module (EEM) is introduced to construct a spatial branch of the network to assist the model in extracting shallow details and edge information from the images.

A Comprehensive Review of Anode Materials in Rechargeable Calcium-Ion Batteries.

Recently, rechargeable calcium-ion batteries (CIB) have been investigated extensively due to their safety, environmental friendliness, abundant storage capacity, low cost, and their energy density and power density characteristics. This paper presents a systematic review of recent research advancements in anode materials, including alloys, organic materials, carbon-based materials, and transition metal oxide. First, the basic properties of CIBs and the challenges associated with anode materials are described.

Long-term suppression of Microcystis aeruginosa by tannic acid: Risks of microcystin pollution and proteomic mechanisms.

Harmful algal blooms are a critical eco-environmental issue with severe impacts on aquatic ecosystems and human health. Tannic acid (TA) has been suggested as an effective algal bloom control, but the molecular mechanisms of its interaction with algae cells and its effects on algal toxin release remain unclear. This study tracked toxin production and release in the toxigenic species Microcystis aeruginosa (M.

Recent Advances in Current Collectors for Aqueous Zinc-ion Batteries.

Aqueous zinc-ion batteries (AZIBs) are promising options for large-scale electrical energy storage because of their safety, affordability, and environmental friendliness. As an indispensable component of AZIBs, a current collector plays a crucial role in supporting electrode materials and collecting the accumulated electrical energy. Recently, some progress has been made in the study of current collectors for AZIBs; however, only few comprehensive reviews on this topic are available.

Next-generation variant exon screening: Moving forward in routine genetic disease investigations.

Purpose: Patients with genetic diseases often seek testing to reach a firm diagnosis. Based on clinical phenotypes, exome sequencing for small-nucleotide variations or array-based methods for copy-number variations (CNVs) are commonly offered to identify the underlying causative genetic variants. In this study, we investigated whether data from a standard ES test could be used to additionally identify pathogenic CNVs and increase diagnostic yield.

Infection of nonclassic monocytes by respiratory syncytial virus induces an imbalance in the CD4 T-cell subset response.

Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) causes lower respiratory tract infections in infants and young children, leading to a pathogenesis-associated imbalance in CD4 T-cell subsets and monocyte subsets. To investigate whether RSV affects the imbalance of CD4 T-cells through monocytes, we examined the effects of the RSV-infected monocyte subset on CD4 T-cell subsets, namely, Th1, Th2, Th17, and regulatory T (Treg) subsets, on proliferation and identified key monocyte-derived cytokines. We found that RSV efficiently infects CD16 monocytes, but not CD16 monocytes, cocultures of CD4 T-cells with RSV-infected CD16 monocytes, inhibits Treg cell proliferation and increases Th2 cell frequency, suggesting that RSV causes an imbalance in the CD4 T-cell subset by primarily infecting CD16 monocytes.

Facial expression analysis using convolutional neural network for drug-naive and chronic schizophrenia.

Objective: Facial images have been shown to convey mental conditions as clinical symptoms. This study aimed to use facial images to detect patients with drug-naive schizophrenia (DN-SCZ) or chronic schizophrenia (C-SCZ) from healthy controls (HCs), and to investigate differences in facial expressions among these 3 groups, as well as relationships between facial expressions and psychiatric symptoms.

Methods: We recruited 45 DN-SCZ patients, 106 C-SCZ patients and 101 HCs for the study, and videotaped their facial expressions through a fixed experimental paradigm.