Spatially decoupled fluorinated-ether-ester electrolytes for extreme-condition lithium metal batteries.

Traditional ether-based electrolytes of Lithium metal batteries (LMBs), while enabling stable lithium deposition and low-temperature operation, suffer from insufficient oxidative stability under extreme conditions. Here, we propose a spatially decoupled solvation-shell strategy to construct weakly oriented fluorinated-ether-ester hybrid electrolytes with outer-shell fluorination protection. A spatially decoupled solvation structure is constructed where ether dominates the inner shell for stable Li coordination, while fluorinated solvents form an oxidation-resistant outer shield.

In-depth summary of adverse events associated with Flurbiprofen: A real-world pharmacovigilance study from 2004 to 2024 using the FAERS database.

Background: Flurbiprofen, as a widely used nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID), is commonly employed to relieve mild to moderate pain and inflammation. Understanding its adverse reactions in real-world usage is of significant importance.

Methods: Reports of all adverse drug events (ADEs) related to flurbiprofen were extracted from the FAERS database, covering the period from Q1 2004 to Q3 2024.

Silicon negative electrodes for lithium-ion batteries: challenges, advances, and future prospects.

Due to its remarkably high theoretical capacity, silicon has attracted considerable interest as a negative electrode material for next-generation lithium-ion batteries (LIBs). Nonetheless, its actual application is hindered by numerous problems, including considerable volumetric expansion, unstable solid electrolyte interface (SEI), irreversible capacity loss, and mechanical deterioration. This mini-review offers a systematic examination of the essential concepts of LIBs, succeeded by an in-depth analysis of the primary constraints related to silicon-based negative electrodes.

High-Resolution Tracking of Aging-Related Small Molecules: Bridging Pollutant Exposure, Brain Aging Mechanisms, and Detection Innovations.

Brain aging is a complex process regulated by genetic, environmental, and metabolic factors, and increasing evidence suggests that environmental pollutants can significantly accelerate this process by interfering with oxidative stress, neuroinflammation, and mitochondrial function-related signaling pathways. Traditional studies have focused on the direct damage of pollutants on macromolecules (e.g.

Z-Type Interstice Leap Migration Driving High Ionic Conductivity in Monoclinic LiBiBr Solid State Electrolyte.

Halide solid electrolytes receive much attention due to their electrochemical properties, such as high ionic conductivity, oxidative stability, and ease of preparation. In this work, a bromide solid electrolyte LiBiBr, exhibiting ease of processing and high ionic conductivity, is designed for the first time and investigated through a comparative investigation with monoclinic LiAlCl and LiAlBr for the migration path. The processing pressure for LiBiBr with annealing at 120 °C is less than one-tenth that of other chloride electrolytes (≈5 MPa).

Water-Restrained Hydrogel Electrolytes with Repulsion-Driven Cationic Express Pathways for Durable Zinc-Ion Batteries.

The development of flexible zinc-ion batteries (ZIBs) faces a three-way trade-off among the ionic conductivity, Zn mobility, and the electrochemical stability of hydrogel electrolytes. To address this challenge, we designed a cationic hydrogel named PAPTMA to holistically improve the reversibility of ZIBs. The long cationic branch chains in the polymeric matrix construct express pathways for rapid Zn transport through an ionic repulsion mechanism, achieving simultaneously high Zn transference number (0.

Möbius Solvation Structure for Zinc-Ion Batteries.

Zinc-ion batteries (ZIBs) have promising prospects in energy storage field, but the water molecules in aqueous electrolytes significantly compromise the stability of the anode and cathode interfaces and hinder the low-temperature performance. Herein, water-in-oil type Möbius polarity topological solvation composed of oil, water, and amphiphilic salt are first-ever pioneered, forming the surfactant-free microemulsion electrolyte (SFMEE). This water-in-oil type Möbius solvation structure, characterized by its distinct inner and outer layers and a polarity inversion feature, successfully connects the non-polar phase with the polar phase, eliminating the need for surfactants to reduce costs and system complexity.

Motor cortex stimulation ameliorates parkinsonian locomotor deficits: effectual and mechanistic differences from subthalamic modulation.

Subthalamic deep brain stimulation (STN DBS) has been a therapeutic choice for Parkinson's disease (PD). We found that epidural motor cortex stimulation (MCS) with sustained positive (hyperpolarizing) currents could also consistently ameliorate the locomotor deficits in parkinsonian animals, rectifying the pathological paucity in both discharging unit varieties and movement-dependent spatiotemporal activity pattern changes in motor cortex (MC). Mechanistically, MCS hyperpolarizes both glutamatergic pyramidal neurons (PN) and GABAergic interneurons (IN) and consequently partly relieves PN from IN's control.

Integrating Competitive Li Coordination with Immobilized Anions in Composite Solid Electrolyte for High-Performance Li Metal Batteries.

Poly(vinylidene fluoride) (PVDF)-based polymer electrolytes have attracted widespread attention due to their unique Li transport mechanism. However, their low ionic conductivity and porous structure, as well as residual solvent limit their application at high current densities. Here, a composite solid electrolyte (CSE) is developed by integrating poly(vinylidene-co-trifluoroethylene) [P(VDF-TrFE)] in its all-trans conformation with aminofunctionalized metal-organic framework (ZIF-90-NH).

Suppressing intergranular cracking with near-surface layer regulation for electrochemical-thermal stabilization of LiCoO.

To further meet the application needs of lithium-ion batteries, developing cathodes with higher voltage and higher operating temperatures has become a primary goal. However, LiCoO cathodes encounter structural issues, particle fracture, and side reactions during high-voltage and high-temperature cycling. Thus, this work designs a novel interface engineering approach involving near-surface Li layer regulation and enhances the stability of the 3̄ layered structure, suppressing intergranular cracking.

Activating discharge and inhibiting self-corrosion by adding indium to the anode of Mg-air battery.

Self-corrosion and low practical voltage of anodes severely limit the usage of Mg-air batteries. Although many elements, including indium (In), have been used to enhance the discharge characteristics of Mg anodes, unclear mechanism of the action of a single element and lack of research on binary alloys as anodes have restricted the development of Mg-air batteries. Herein, Mg-In ( = 0.

Comparison of the composition, immunological activity and anti-fatigue effects of different parts in sika deer antler.

Background: Sika deer (, 1838) antler is a highly esteemed tonic renowned for its abundant assortment of polypeptides, polysaccharides, amino acids, and minerals, and is recognized for its multifarious pharmacological properties. However, limited research has been conducted regarding the variation in composition of deer antlers between the upper and basal sections, as well as their pharmacological effects on immunological activity and anti-fatigue in mice. The objective of this study was to conduct a comprehensive analysis on the appearance, chemical composition, and pharmacological effects of different components within sika deer antlers.

Redox Active vs Redox Neutral in Ru/Pd-Catalyzed Sulfonylation: Theoretical Insights into Structure-Activity Relationship between Metal Centers and Regio-Selectivity.

The structure-activity relationship between the metal center and regio-selectivity is persistently a pivotal scientific issue. To address this, we select the 2-phenylpyridine sulfonylation reactions catalyzed by ruthenium and palladium as research subjects. An extensive theoretical study has been conducted on their reaction mechanisms, the sources of regio-selectivity, and the evolution of electronic structures.

Wearable Sensors Based on Miniaturized High-Performance Hybrid Nanogenerator for Medical Health Monitoring.

Wearable sensors are important components, converting mechanical vibration energy into electrical signals or other forms of output, which are widely used in healthcare, disaster warning, and transportation. However, the reliance on batteries limits the portability of wearable sensors and hinders their application in the field of Internet of Things. To solve this problem, we designed a miniaturized high-performance hybrid nanogenerator (MHP-HNG), which combined the functions of triboelectric sensing and electromagnetic power generation as well as the advantages of miniaturization.

Perfluorinated Amines: Accelerating Lithium Electrodeposition by Tailoring Interfacial Structure and Modulated Solvation for High-Performance Batteries.

Modulating interfacial electrochemistry represents a prevalent approach for mitigating lithium dendrite growth and enhancing battery performance. Nevertheless, while most additives exhibit inhibitory characteristics, the accelerating effects on interfacial electrochemistry have garnered limited attention. In this work, perfluoromorpholine (PFM) with facilitated kinetics is utilized to preferentially adsorb on the lithium metal interface.

HT-NMR Studies of the Be-F Coordination Structure in FNaBe and FLiBe Mixed Salts.

Molten NaF-BeF salt is widely considered a promising candidate to replace FLiBe in molten salt reactor applications, which is crucial to reducing the operating costs of the molten salt reactor. Studies on beryllium compounds are rarely conducted due to their volatility and high toxicity. Herein, the Be-F coordination structure of NaF/BeF mixed salts was investigated in-depth through various HT-NMR and solid-state NMR methods, which are optimized to be appropriate for the detection of beryllium compounds.

Upgrading Gel Electrolytes Through Electrostatic-Induced Dual-Salt Paradigm for Superior Zn-Ion Battery Performance.

Gel electrolytes are gaining attention for rechargeable Zn-ion batteries because of their high safety, high flexibility, and excellent comprehensive electrochemical performances. However, current gel electrolytes still perform at mediocre levels due to incomplete Zn salts dissociation and side reactions. Herein, an electrostatic-induced dual-salt strategy is proposed to upgrade gel electrolytes to tackle intrinsic issues of Zn metal anodes.

YOLOv8s-CGF: a lightweight model for wheat ear Fusarium head blight detection.

Fusarium head blight (FHB) is a destructive disease that affects wheat production. Detecting FHB accurately and rapidly is crucial for improving wheat yield. Traditional models are difficult to apply to mobile devices due to large parameters, high computation, and resource requirements.

Manganese-based nanomaterials promote synergistic photo-immunotherapy: green synthesis, underlying mechanisms, and multiple applications.

Single phototherapy and immunotherapy have individually made great achievements in tumor treatment. However, monotherapy has difficulty in balancing accuracy and efficiency. Combining phototherapy with immunotherapy can realize the growth inhibition of distal metastatic tumors and enable the remote monitoring of tumor treatment.

Porphyrin-Thiophene Based Conjugated Polymer Cathode with High Capacity for Lithium-Organic Batteries.

Organic electrode materials are promising for next-generation energy storage materials due to their environmental friendliness and sustainable renewability. However, problems such as their high solubility in electrolytes and low intrinsic conductivity have always plagued their further application. Polymerization to form conjugated organic polymers can not only inhibit the dissolution of organic electrodes in the electrolyte, but also enhance the intrinsic conductivity of organic molecules.

Upregulation of HCFC1 expression promoted hepatocellular carcinoma progression through inhibiting cell cycle arrest and correlated with immune infiltration.

Host cell factor 1 (HCFC1) was reported associated with the progression of a variety of cancers. However, its role in the prognosis and immunological characteristics of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) patients has not been revealed. The expression and prognostic value of HCFC1 in HCC were investigated from the Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) dataset and a cohort of 150 HCC patients.

SNRPD1 inhibition suppresses the proliferation of hepatocellular carcinoma and promotes autophagy through the PI3K/AKT/mTOR/4EBP1 pathway.

Background: Small nuclear ribonucleoprotein Sm D1 (SNRPD1) has been reported as an oncogene in some solid cancers. Our previous study suggested that SNRPD1 has diagnostic and prognostic value in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), but its role in tumor growth and biological behavior remains unknown. In this study, we aimed to unravel the role and mechanism of SNRPD1 in HCC.

Pre- to postoperative alpha-fetoprotein ratio-based nomogram to predict tumor recurrence in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma.

Background: This study aimed to investigate the role of the alpha fetoprotein (AFP) ratio before and after curative resection in the prognosis of patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and to develop a novel pre- to postoperative AFP ratio nomogram to predict recurrence free survival (RFS) for HCC patients after curative resection.

Methods: A total of 485 pathologically confirmed HCC patients who underwent radical hepatectomy from January 2010 to December 2018 were retrospectively analyzed. The independent prognostic factors of hepatocellular carcinoma were identified by multivariate COX proportional model analysis, and the nomogram model was constructed.

Spontaneous Desaturation of the Solvation Sheath for High-Performance Anti-Freezing Zinc-Ion Gel-Electrolyte.

In recent years, gel-electrolyte becomes pivotal in preventing hydrogen evolution, reducing dendrite growth, and protecting the zinc metal anode for zinc-ion batteries. Herein, a polyvinyl alcohol-based water-organic hybrid gel electrolyte with Agar and dimethyl sulfoxide is designed to construct the spontaneous desaturation of the solvation sheath for reducing hydrogen evolution and dendrite growth at room temperature and even low temperature. According to experimental characterization and theoretical calculations, the well binding between multihydroxy polymer and H O is achieved in the hybrid desaturated gel-electrolyte to regulate the inner and outer sheath.