Medication literacy and treatment adherence in people living with human immunodeficiency virus: Mediating effects of psychosocial factors.

Treatment adherence among people living with human immunodeficiency virus (PLWH) is a critical determinant of viral suppression and improved quality of life. Medication literacy, as a key factor influencing adherence, is itself shaped by various psychosocial variables. Existing studies suggest that human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-related stigma, self-efficacy, and trust in healthcare providers serve as significant mediators in the relationship between health literacy and treatment adherence.

Intra-arterial Tenecteplase for Acute Stroke After Successful Endovascular Therapy: The ANGEL-TNK Randomized Clinical Trial.

Importance: The role of intra-arterial tenecteplase for acute large vessel occlusion (LVO) stroke after successful endovascular therapy is uncertain.

Objective: To assess the efficacy and safety of intra-arterial tenecteplase in patients with successful endovascular therapy (defined as a score on the expanded Thrombolysis in Cerebral Infarction [eTICI] scale of 2b to 3) after endovascular therapy.

Design, Setting, And Participants: This was a prospective, open-label, blinded end point, randomized trial.

Interaction of brain imaging features and effects of intensive blood pressure lowering after endovascular treatment for acute ischaemic stroke: the pre-specified secondary analyses of ENCHANTED2/MT trial.

Background: The second Enhanced Control of Hypertension and Thrombectomy Stroke Study (ENCHANTED2/MT) was terminated early when the intensive blood pressure lowering to a systolic level of 120 mm Hg or lower, compared to 140-180 mm Hg, was harmful in patients who received successful endovascular therapy for acute ischaemic stroke due to large-vessel occlusion. We aimed to determine the interaction of key brain imaging features and the effect of treatment on clinical outcomes.

Methods: ENCHANTED2/MT was a prospective, randomised, open-label, blinded-endpoint, controlled trial that aimed to assess the effectiveness of different intensities of blood pressure control on the functional independence in patients who had received successful endovascular therapy for acute ischaemic stroke from large-vessel occlusion at 44 hospitals in China between July 20, 2020 and March 7, 2022.

Endovascular Thrombectomy for Large Ischemic Core Stroke: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials.

Background And Objectives: The optimal management of acute ischemic stroke (AIS) patients with large vessel occlusion and large ischemic core is uncertain. We aimed to evaluate the safety and efficacy of endovascular thrombectomy (EVT) compared with best medical treatment (BMT) for AIS through a study-level meta-analysis and meta-regression of 6 randomized controlled trials (RCTs).

Methods: PubMed, Embase, and the Cochrane databases were searched from January 1, 1980, to June 30, 2024.

Identification and mechanistic analysis of shared biomarkers and pathogenesis in acute pancreatitis and sepsis based on differential gene expression and protein interaction networks.

Acute pancreatitis (AP) is a common gastrointestinal inflammatory disease that requires hospitalization, with 40-70% of patients in moderate to severe stages potentially developing sepsis, which is closely related to high mortality rates and poor prognosis. Therefore, early identification of AP patients at risk of developing sepsis is crucial for reducing mortality. This study aims to identify core genes associated with sepsis to provide new core genes for early warning and management of patients with acute pancreatitis.

Modeling the elongation of commingled BTEX and chlorinated ethene plumes undergoing biodegradation with a multi-level substrate interaction module.

Multi-solvent co-contamination is a common phenomenon found in organically contaminated groundwater. A mathematical approach based on multi-level substrate interactions was developed to describe the microbial growth and the corresponding biodegradation of highly chlorinated ethenes (CEs) in the presence of the co-contaminant BTEX. The Reactive Transport in 3 Dimensions (RT3D) model was applied to integrate proposed mathematical model into reactive transport framework.

Recent Developments in Catalytic Carbonyl Sulfur Hydrolysis.

Carbonyl sulfide (COS) is the most abundant and longest-lasting organic reduced sulfur compound in the atmosphere. Removing it is a critical and challenging aspect in desulfurization technology in order to comply with global restrictions on harmful emissions. Catalytic hydrolysis refers to the process whereby COS reacts with water under the influence of a catalyst to generate carbon dioxide and hydrogen sulfide.

Biochar chemical-looping gasification for hydrogen-rich syngas production in solid-solid reaction: O, H and CaO of carbide slag effect NiFeO oxygen carrier.

Biomass chemical-looping gasification represents a promising technology for the production of hydrogen-rich syngas, wherein the yield of gas is contingent upon the rate of solid-solid reactions. In this study, the incorporation of carbide slag as an oxygen carrier, hydrogen carrier, and in-situ carbon capture agent, as well as the modification of the synthesis method for the NiFeO oxygen carrier, were specifically targeted to enhance the solid-solid reaction activity. The results indicate that the reactivity can be significantly improved by synthesizing NiFeO using the sol-gel method with varying ratios of citric acid.

Effect of Intravenous Alteplase Before Endovascular Thrombectomy on Outcome After Unsuccessful Recanalization in the DIRECT-MT Trial.

Background: There are still some patients with acute anterior circulation large vessel occlusion stroke experienced unsuccessful recanalization after endovascular thrombectomy (EVT). The efficacy of intravenous alteplase before thrombectomy for such patients is unknown. We performed this study to investigate whether prior intravenous alteplase could affect the outcome of patients with unsuccessful recanalization.

An approach for estimating microbial growth and chlorinated ethenes biotransformation in groundwater based on discrete observations.

The bioremediation of chlorinated ethenes (CEs) contaminated groundwater is attracting increasingly attention in practical remediation projects. However, modelling of microbial metabolic processes under the constraints of substrate and environmental factors is inadequate. This study developed a new kinetic model, which incorporated the logistic model and Dual-Monod kinetic to represent the interaction between the controlled microbial growth and the bioavailable substrates in CE-contaminated groundwater.

Comparing Outcomes of Thrombectomy Versus Intravenous Thrombolysis Based on Middle Cerebral Artery M2 Occlusion Features.

Background: Current evidence provides limited support for the superiority of endovascular thrombectomy (EVT) in patients with M2 segment middle cerebral artery occlusion. We aim to investigate whether imaging features of M2 segment occlusion impact the effectiveness of EVT.

Methods: We conducted a retrospective cohort study from January 2017 to January 2022, drawing data from the CASE II registry (Computer-Based Online Database of Acute Stroke Patients for Stroke Management Quality Evaluation), which specifically documented patients with acute ischemic stroke presenting with M2 segment occlusion undergoing reperfusion therapy.

A dynamic nomogram for predict individual risk of malignant brain edema after endovascular thrombectomy in acute ischemic stroke.

The aim of this study was to develop a dynamic nomogram combining clinical and imaging data to predict malignant brain edema (MBE) after endovascular thrombectomy (EVT) in patients with large vessel occlusion stroke (LVOS). We analyzed the data of LVOS patients receiving EVT at our center from October 2018 to February 2023, and divided a 7:3 ratio into the training cohort and internal validation cohort, and we also prospectively collected patients from another stroke center for external validation. MBE was defined as a midline shift or pineal gland shift > 5 mm, as determined by computed tomography (CT) scans obtained within 7 days after EVT.

The Efficacy and Safety of Tirofiban Use in Endovascular Thrombectomy for Intravenous Thrombolysis Applicable Patients with Large Vessel Occlusion Stroke-a Post Hoc Analysis from the Direct-MT Trial.

Purpose: The purpose of the study was to evaluate the efficacy and safety of tirofiban use in endovascular thrombectomy for intravenous thrombolysis applicable patients of large vessel occlusion stroke with data from Direct-MT trial.

Materials And Methods: Direct-MT was the first randomized controlled trial to prove the non-inferiority of thrombectomy alone to bridging therapy (intravenous thrombolysis before thrombectomy) for large vessel occlusion stroke. Patients who underwent endovascular procedure were included and divided into thrombectomy-alone group and bridging therapy group.

Endovascular treatment of acute basilar artery occlusion in patients with and without atrial fibrillation: results from the ATTENTION registry.

Background: Previous studies have shown a potential beneficial effect of endovascular therapy (EVT) in patients with acute basilar artery occlusion (BAO). It was unclear that whether atrial fibrillation (AF) can affect the clinical outcomes for BAO patients treated with EVT.

Objectives: To investigate the association between AF and clinical outcomes, and whether AF can modify the efficacy and safety of EVT in patients with BAO.

Intensive blood pressure control after endovascular thrombectomy for acute ischaemic stroke (ENCHANTED2/MT): a multicentre, open-label, blinded-endpoint, randomised controlled trial.

Background: The optimum systolic blood pressure after endovascular thrombectomy for acute ischaemic stroke is uncertain. We aimed to compare the safety and efficacy of blood pressure lowering treatment according to more intensive versus less intensive treatment targets in patients with elevated blood pressure after reperfusion with endovascular treatment.

Methods: We conducted an open-label, blinded-endpoint, randomised controlled trial at 44 tertiary-level hospitals in China.

Endovascular Treatment Versus Best Medical Management in Acute Basilar Artery Occlusion Strokes: Results From the ATTENTION Multicenter Registry.

Background: The authors compare the effectiveness and safety of endovascular treatment (EVT) versus best medical management (BMM) in strokes attributable to acute basilar artery occlusion (BAO).

Methods: The present analysis was based on the ongoing, prospective, multicenter ATTENTION (Endovascular Treatment for Acute Basilar Artery Occlusion) trial registry in China. Our analytic sample comprised 2134 patients recruited at 48 sites between 2017 and 2021 and included 462 patients who received BMM and 1672 patients who received EVT.

A Retrospective Study of 320 Patients Treated with Carotid Artery Stenting at 4 General Hospitals in Zhejiang Province to Establish a Risk Score for Cerebral Hypoperfusion Syndrome.

BACKGROUND Cerebral hypoperfusion syndrome (CHS) includes a spectrum of clinical symptoms, ranging from focal neurologic deficit to intracerebral hemorrhage. CHS was initially described as a complication of carotid endarterectomy but also occurs following carotid artery stenting. This retrospective study included 320 patients treated with carotid artery stenting at 4 general hospitals in Zhejiang Province between June 2019 and June 2021 and aimed to establish a risk score for CHS.

Comparison of Application Effects of Different Hemostasis Methods After Ischemic Cerebrovascular Intervention.

Objective: To explore the effects of two different hemostasis methods, namely, arterial compression devices and vascular closure devices, in the ischemic cerebrovascular intervention to provide a theoretical basis for clinical selection of hemostasis methods.

Methods: A total of 302 patients who underwent ischemic cerebrovascular intervention in our hospital from January 2016 to December 2020 were selected as the research subjects and randomly divided into the control group ( = 151) and the observation group ( = 151). The patients in both groups underwent cerebrovascular intervention.

Endovascular Recanalization and Standard Medical Management for Symptomatic Non-acute Intracranial Artery Occlusion: Study Protocol for a Non-randomized, 24-Month, Multicenter Study.

The management of patients with symptomatic non-acute intracranial artery occlusion (sNA-ICAO), which is a special subset with high morbidity and a high probability of recurrent serious ischemic events despite standard medical therapy (SMT), has been clinically challenging. A number of small-sample clinical studies have also discussed endovascular recanalization (ER) for sNA-ICAO; however, there is currently a lack of evidence from multicenter, prospective, large-sample cohort trials. The purpose of our present study was to evaluate the technical feasibility and safety of ER for sNA-ICAO.

Long Non-Coding RNA MEG3 Promotes Apoptosis of Vascular Cells and is Associated with Poor Prognosis in Ischemic Stroke.

Aim: This study focused on the expression pattern of long non-coding RNA maternally expressed gene 3 (MEG3) and its value in ischemic stroke (IS).

Methods: The expression pattern and the roles of MEG3 in the development of IS were explored in mice IS model and human brain microvascular endothelial cells (hBMECs). A case-control study, including 215 IS patients and 153 controls, was also conducted to investigate its prognostic value.

Lower Serum Indirect Bilirubin Levels are Inversely Related to Carotid Intima-Media Thickness Progression.

Background: Bilirubin has been recognized as a potential endogenous inhibitor of atherosclerosis, being inversely associated with carotid intima-media thickness (CIMT). However, little information is available concerning the correlation between serum indirect bilirubin (IBIL), especially long-term IBIL level, and early atherosclerosis progression. This study was designed to evaluate the relationship between serum IBIL level and CIMT progression.

A Retrospective Study of Clinical Outcomes After Endovascular Treatment in Acute Ischemic Stroke Patients with Complete Anterior Circulation Infarction in the Absence of Multimodal Computed Tomography.

Objective: To analyze the positive predictive value of large artery occlusion and clinical prognosis in acute ischemic stroke patients with total anterior circulation infarct (TACI) who underwent endovascular treatment in the absence of multimodal CT angiography or CT perfusion.

Methods: The inclusion criteria for the acute ischemic stroke patients to receive endovascular treatment were as the follows: the Oxfordshire Community Stroke Project classification was TACI, Alberta Stroke Program Early Computed Tomography Score (ASPECTS) ≥ 6, National Institutes of Health stroke scale (NIHSS) score ≥8, and less than 4.5 hours since stroke onset.

Research on highly sensitive optomagnetic sensor for rapid detection of inflammation.

Background: C-reactive protein (CRP) is used to evaluate the evolution of infections and sepsis in critically ill patients. For POCT testing, biosensor-based detection techniques offer quick and convenient application.

Objective: A prototype three dimensional chip was fabricated based on a new optomagnetic method to achieve the rapid detection of CRP.

Spontaneous Rupture of a Mediastinal Bronchial Artery Aneurysm Induced by Anticoagulant Agent.

Nontraumatic spontaneous rupture of a bronchial artery aneurysm is rarely seen. In this report, we described such a phenomenon in a patient induced by usage of anticoagulant agent. The patient had no antecedent history of trauma, hypertension, or apparent aortic pathology.