What is the optimal first-line regimen for patients with advanced HER2-positive breast cancer: A systematic review and network meta-analysis.

Background: The advent of anti-HER2 agents, such as trastuzumab, pertuzumab, and trastuzumab emtansine (T-DM1), has significantly improved survival in metastatic HER2-positive breast cancer (BC). Multiple anti-HER2 combination regimens are recommended as first-line treatments, but the optimal choice remains unclear. This study aimed to determine the optimal first-line regimen for metastatic HER2-positive BC through a network meta-analysis of clinical trial data.

Total neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy plus anti PD-1 for mid-to-low locally advanced rectal cancer: study protocol of a prospective, single arm, phase II study (STARS - RC06).

Background: Neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy has become the standard treatment for mid-to-low location LARC. Recently, total neoadjuvant therapy (TNT) has been used in patients with 'high-risk' or 'very high-risk' LARC according to ESMO guideline (2017). TNT not only increases the pathological complete response (pCR) rate, but also provides patients with more opportunities to preserve organ function.

Maximizing Power Density and Lifespan of Magneto-Mechano-Electric Generator via Optimizing the Selection of Piezoelectric Ceramic Plate.

Magneto-mechano-electric (MME) generators with high-power density and long lifespan have emerged as a promising solution for deploying self-powered wireless sensor networks (WSNs) by capturing 50/60 Hz frequency stray magnetic fields around power cables. However, the piezoelectric ceramics applicable to low-frequency magnetic field energy harvesting technology still require further elucidation to maximize the power generation and sustainability of MME generators. In this study, the effects of physical and electrical properties of four different piezoelectric ceramics (PZT-4, PZT-5H, PZT-51, and PZT-8) on the power density and lifespan of MME generators are investigated by finite element analysis and experiments.

DPE1, a novel allelic of BT1, is critical for maize endosperm development and carbohydrate metabolism.

Maize (Zea mays) endosperm is the primary tissue for storing nutrients, such as starch, that provide the developing embryo with energy. Endosperm mutants are useful for clarifying carbohydrate synthesis and metabolism as well as the molecular mechanism underlying endosperm development in maize. In this study, we identified a novel maize mutant exhibiting abnormal endosperm development.

Prediction of CAR-T Therapy In Vitro: Development of Biomimetic Models for CAR-T Killing Effect Assessment.

Chimeric antigen receptor T (CAR-T) cell therapy faces significant challenges in treating solid tumors, particularly due to tumor heterogeneity and the complex tumor microenvironment. These challenges highlight the need for reliable preclinical assessment models. Traditional in vivo models, commonly used for evaluating CAR-T efficacy, often fail to adequately represent the human immune system context.

Uncovering a new mechanism of ischemic stroke: a study of the association between γδ T cells and immunoinflammation.

Ischemic stroke, characterized by high clinical mortality and poor prognosis, has been prioritized by the World Health Organization (WHO) for reducing the burden of non-communicable diseases. However, the pathogenesis of ischemic stroke remains complex and poorly understood. Recent studies have revealed the infiltration of γδ T cells within ischemic stroke lesions, accompanied by the upregulation of IL-17, IL-23, and other inflammatory cytokines, suggesting their involvement in the stroke's pathological process.

Digital insights: Analyzing the reproductive intentions and influencing factors among urban women in China through online platforms.

Objective: To explore how fertility-related sentiments expressed by urban Chinese women varied over time and were framed in online discourse between 2011 and 2024.

Methods: This study employed natural language processing (NLP), TF-IDF-based semantic analysis, and multinomial logistic regression to analyze user-generated content from Douyin, Xiaohongshu, and Kuaishou. Sentiment categories (positive, neutral, negative) were classified, and predictive variables such as education, marital status, and urban tier were modeled to identify structural correlates of fertility attitudes.

Core-shell-structured Z-scheme CdS@MIL-88(A)Fe heterojunctions for efficient visible light photocatalytic oxidative coupling of benzylamines to imines.

The photocatalytic oxidative coupling of benzylamines to imines has garnered extensive attention owing to its environmentally friendly and sustainable nature. However, it is profoundly desirable and essential to elaborate the structure of photocatalysts and to develop highly efficient visible-light-responsive photocatalysts for oxidative coupling of amines. Herein, a core-shell-structured Z-scheme CdS@MIL-88(A)Fe nanocomposite was successfully fabricated through a facile solvothermal and liquid deposition method for photocatalytic oxidative coupling of benzylamines to imines in air under visible light irradiation.

Analysis of Risk Factors and Development of a Predictive Model for Delirium in ICU Patients: Construction, Validation, and Clinical Implications.

Objective: To analyze the influencing factors contributing to the occurrence of delirium in patients within the Intensive Care Unit (ICU) and to construct a prediction model for delirium in critically ill patients, subsequently verifying its predictive value.

Methods: A prospective study was conducted involving 641 patients admitted between January 2023 and June 2024. A simple random sampling method was employed to develop the predictive model, with a validation set comprising 193 patients, thus creating a training set of 448 patients.

Intra-arterial Tenecteplase for Acute Stroke After Successful Endovascular Therapy: The ANGEL-TNK Randomized Clinical Trial.

Importance: The role of intra-arterial tenecteplase for acute large vessel occlusion (LVO) stroke after successful endovascular therapy is uncertain.

Objective: To assess the efficacy and safety of intra-arterial tenecteplase in patients with successful endovascular therapy (defined as a score on the expanded Thrombolysis in Cerebral Infarction [eTICI] scale of 2b to 3) after endovascular therapy.

Design, Setting, And Participants: This was a prospective, open-label, blinded end point, randomized trial.

The safety and feasibility of transoral thyroidectomy vestibular approach in the treatment of thyroid disorders: An overview of systematic reviews.

Objective: Many systematic reviews (SRs) and meta-analyses (MAs) have recently assessed the short-term outcomes of the transoral thyroidectomy vestibular approach (TOTVA) compared with conventional open thyroidectomy (COT) and non-transoral endoscopic thyroidectomy (NTET). However, their conclusions remain controversial. This overview aimed to evaluate the safety and feasibility of TOTVA by appraising the quality of existing SRs/MAs.

Molecular Insight into the Recognition of DNA by the DndCDE Complex in DNA Phosphorothioation.

In a vast variety of prokaryotes such as and , the DNA degradation (Dnd) CDE protein complex (consisting of DndC, DndD, and DndE), together with the DndA/IscS protein and the DndFGH complex, function as a defense barrier to prevent the invasion of non-self-DNA. The DndCDE complex introduces phosphorothioation (PT) modifications into DNA, and the DndFGH complex specifically cleaves non-PT DNA and, thus, restricts horizontal gene transfer and phage invasion. Despite the central importance of the DndCDE complex in DNA PT modification, which catalyzes the oxygen-sulfur swap on DNA, our understanding of this key complex remains poor.

Two types of elliptic dark soliton solutions for the Hirota equation.

We primarily study concave-downward and convex-upward types of elliptic dark soliton solutions for the Hirota equation, exhibiting a concave-downward shape on both upper and lower envelope surfaces and showing a convex-upward shape on the lower envelope surface, respectively. By analyzing the supremum and infimum of solutions, we provide the existence conditions for these two types of elliptic dark solitons. Additionally, we study two-elliptic dark soliton solutions combining both types with the same velocity and investigate the elastic collisions between these two types of solutions with different velocities.

Predicting the prognosis of patients with sudden sensorineural hearing loss by analyzing the audiometric curve of the unaffected ear.

Objective: This study aims to extract potential information from the audiograms of the unaffected ear in patients with unilateral sudden sensorineural hearing loss (USSNHL). It explores the relationship between the characteristics of the audiograms of the unaffected ear and the treatment effectiveness for USSNHL. Additionally, the research presents the findings in a way that enhances communication and allows for verification.

Time dependency of thrombectomy for large artery atherosclerosis versus cardioembolic stroke subtypes: evidence from the ANGEL-ACT registry.

Introduction: In this study, we investigated the differences in clinical outcomes following endovascular thrombectomy among ischemic stroke subtypes caused by large artery atherosclerosis (LAA) versus cardioembolism (CE) and the time-dependent nature of these clinical outcomes based on the stroke subtypes. Methods: Study participants were selected from the Endovascular Treatment Key Technique and Emergency Workflow Improvement of Acute Ischemic Stroke Registry to conduct a post-hoc analysis of a prospective, observational study. We included 1,046 patients, who had either LAA or CE stroke subtypes based on the Trial of Org 10172 in Acute Stroke Treatment criteria, drawn from the thrombectomy cohort.

Insights to enhanced coagulation based on the control of metal forms for treating acid mine drainage: Performance and mechanisms.

This study presents an enhanced oxidation-chelation-coagulation process for efficient acid mine drainage (AMD) treatment, addressing the limitations of conventional methods in terms of efficiency, cost, and environmental risks. Through systematic optimization, it was demonstrated that combined NaClO/KMnO₄ oxidation (3:1 molar ratio) at pH 8 effectively transformed Fe/Mn ions into insoluble Fe/Mn (hydr)oxides, while 0.40 g/L carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) enabled effective chelation and removal of Pb/Ni.

A Multicenter retrospective study of the COSIS technique in the treatment of chronic internal carotid artery occlusion.

Objective: Our study aims to introduce a novel interventional treatment strategy for the management of chronic occlusion of the internal carotid artery (CO-ICA) using a specially designed thrombectomy stent, named the Chronic artery OccluSion recanalization with Intracranial protection using Stent retriever (COSIS) technique.

Methods: Thirty-two patients from four centers with CO-ICA between March 2023 to September 2024 were analyzed, retrospectively. All patients were classified into four types based on the occlusion segment.

Synergistic chemo-immunotherapy for osteosarcoma via a pH-responsive multi-component nanoparticle system.

Introduction: Osteosarcoma (OS) is the most common primary malignant bone tumor in pediatric populations. Its treatment is complicated by chemotherapy-induced toxicity and limited induction of immunogenic cell death (ICD).

Methods: To address these challenges, we developed a pH-responsive, multi-component nanoparticle system designed to co-deliver doxorubicin (DOX), monophosphoryl lipid A (MPLA), and a PD-1/PD-L1-targeting peptide, integrated with the immune-modulating polymer PEG-PC7A.

Titanium‒Nickel Dual Active Sites Enabled Reversible Hydrogen Storage of Magnesium at 180 °C with Exceptional Cycle Stability.

Enhancing hydrogenation and dehydrogenation (de/hydrogenation) kinetics without compromising cycle stability is a major challenge for Mg-based hydrogen storage materials (Mg/MgH). The de/hydrogenation reactions of Mg/MgH are one of the gas-solid reactions involving hydrogen adsorption, dissociation, diffusion, and nucleation, which often results in the catalysts being unable to simultaneously accelerate these distinct kinetic processes. Here, the MgNi@Ti─MgO catalyst with dual active sites is reported to be designed to address this issue.

Rational Design Strategy to Improve the Thermal Stability of Alginate Lyase Pedsa0632.

Alginate can be degraded by alginate lyase to produce alginate oligosaccharides (AOs). AOs are widely used in the food, agricultural, and pharmaceutical industries due to their various physiological activities. In this work, alginate lyase Pedsa0632 was successfully characterized, which exists in solution as monomers and oligomers.

Direct Recycling of Spent LiFePO Cathodes Through Photocatalytic Correction of Anti-Site Defects.

Fe-Li (Fe anti-site defects, commonly observed in degraded LiFePO cathodes, impede Li mobility and disrupt the electronic pathways, leading to significant performance degradation in LFP. However, addressing Fe anti-site defects to achieve direct recycling of LFP remains challenging due to Fe high migration energy barriers and the lattice distortions they induce. Here, a feasible strategy is proposed for LFP regeneration by utilizing photocatalysis to reduce the Fe migration barrier.

Differences in transcriptome characteristics and drug repositioning of Alzheimer's disease according to sex.

Background: Previous studies have shown significant sex differences in AD with regarding its epidemiology, pathophysiology, clinical presentation, and treatment response. However, the transcriptome variances associated with sex in AD remain unclear.

Methods: RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) and transcriptomic analyses were performed on peripheral blood samples from total of 54 patients, including male AD patients (n = 15), female AD patients (n = 10), male MCI patients (n = 7), female MCI patients (n = 11), male healthy controls (n = 6), female healthy controls (n = 5).

Knowledge, attitude, and practice related to dementia and cognitive impairment among medical specialists with expertise unrelated to dementia.

To explore the knowledge, attitude, and practice (KAP) on dementia and cognitive impairment among medical specialists with expertise unrelated to dementia. This study enrolled medical specialists with expertise unrelated to dementia from 318 medical institutions in China, between March and April 2023. A self-designed questionnaire was used for data collection and KAP assessment.

A real-world disproportionality analysis of ripretinib data mining of the public version of FDA adverse event reporting system.

Background: Tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) are the preferred targeted therapy for advanced gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GIST). Ripretinib, the first tyrosine kinase switch control inhibitor, has not yet been extensively studied for long-term safety in large populations. This study evaluates Ripretinib-related adverse events (AEs) in real-world applications by analyzing data from the FDA's Adverse Event Reporting System (FAERS).