Spatiotemporal changes in the burden of lower extremity peripheral arterial disease and its socioeconomic impacts: an analysis based on Global Burden of Disease Study 2021.

Aims: Lower extremity peripheral arterial disease (LEPAD) is a major cardiovascular condition impacting global health. This study aims to examine trends in LEPAD prevalence, incidence, mortality, and disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) from 1990 to 2021.

Methods: We examined the global burden of LEPAD from 1990 to 2021 across sexes, regions, and countries using data from the Global Burden of Disease Study.

Chinese expert consensus on the combined use of antiviral drugs for novel coronavirus infection.

The persistent mutation of the novel coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) not only remains a threat to human health but also continues to challenge existing antiviral therapeutic strategies. In current clinical practice, the resistance of novel coronavirus to antivirals, the rebound of viral load after treatment with drugs such as nirmatrelvir/ritonavir (NTV/r), and the urgent need for rapid clearance of the virus in the management of critically and emergently ill patients suggest that the existing single-drug regimens may have limitations and that the intensity of suppression may be insufficient in some cases. In clinical practice, we have observed that a combination of antivirals with different mechanisms of action can result in better efficacy and not significantly increase adverse drug reactions (ADRs).

Sleep deprivation exacerbates experimental colitis via down-regulating the clock gene Per2.

Intestinal bowel disease (IBD), prevalent among sleep-deprived populations, is closely associated with circadian rhythm disruptions. Evidence suggests that sleep deprivation (SD) exacerbates colitis; however, the mechanisms remain poorly understood. We subjected mice with Dextran sulfate sodium (DSS) induced acute and chronic colitis to 6 h-SD per day.

A bibliometric assessment of research trends and emerging themes at the nexus of chemotherapy and depression.

Introduction: In recent years, research exploring the relationship between chemotherapy and depression has been on the rise. This study employs bibliometric methods to analyze the current state and emerging trends in this field, aiming to provide valuable insights for future investigations.

Methods: Relevant literature on chemotherapy and depression published between January 1, 2014, and December 31, 2024, was retrieved from the Web of Science Core Collection.

Teprotumumab for Thyroid Eye Disease: Mechanism, Clinical Efficacy, and Current Challenges.

Thyroid eye disease (TED) is a complex autoimmune disorder characterized by orbital inflammation and tissue remodeling. Teprotumumab, a fully human monoclonal antibody targeting insulin-like growth factor-1 receptor (IGF-1R), represents a significant breakthrough in TED treatment. This review comprehensively analyzes the therapeutic role of teprotumumab in TED management.

The cross-sectional association between cardiometabolic index and abdominal aortic calcification in U.S. adults: evidence from NHANES 2013-2014.

Background: The cardiometabolic index (CMI) is a novel composite measure that integrates assessments of abdominal adiposity and lipid profiles. While abdominal aortic calcification (AAC) is a well-established marker of subclinical atherosclerosis and systemic metabolic dysregulation, the association between CMI and AAC remains underexplored. This cross-sectional study aimed to investigate the association between CMI and AAC.

Comparison of computed tomography and guided bronchoscopy in the diagnosis of pulmonary nodules: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Objective: To compare the diagnostic effects of computed tomography (CT) and bronchoscopy guided biopsy on pulmonary nodules.

Methods: "Subject words + free words" were used to search four literature databases including Pubmed, Embase, Cochrane Library, and Web of Science. The subject words were CT, bronchoscope-guided biopsy, pulmonary nodules, and diagnosis.

RAD51 modulates in nasopharyngeal carcinoma cells by regulating Caspase-8-mediated pyroptosis.

Objective: Radiotherapy is a first-line treatment for nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC), but resistance to radiation remains a major clinical challenge. This study aimed to investigate the role of RAD51, a key homologous recombination repair protein, in radiotherapy resistance of NPC and to elucidate its underlying molecular mechanisms.

Methods: RAD51 expression levels were examined in tumor and adjacent normal tissues from 20 NPC patients and in the radioresistant NPC cell line CNE2.

Diagnostic accuracy of isolated-check visual evoked potentials for glaucoma: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: The isolated-check visual evoked potential (ic-VEP) is an advanced electrophysiological technique that selectively evaluates the magnocellular pathway, enabling precise assessment of optic nerve damage and currently serving as a diagnostic tool for glaucoma. This meta-analysis evaluates the diagnostic performance of ic-VEP in glaucoma detection.

Methods: The study protocol was prospectively registered in the International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews (PROSPERO) (Registration ID: CRD42025633065) prior to data extraction.

A bibliometric analysis of the current research status and hotspots regarding Aducanumab treatment for Alzheimer's disease.

Background: The prevalence of Alzheimer's disease is steadily increasing, and Aducanumab has garnered significant attention as a treatment since 2021. There is a growing body of research on Aducanumab and its relationship with Alzheimer's disease; however, there is currently a lack of bibliometric analysis regarding the use of Aducanumab in the treatment of Alzheimer's disease.

Objective: This study employs bibliometric methods to analyze the current research landscape and hotspots surrounding Alzheimer's disease and Aducanumab, providing a reference for subsequent investigations in this field and the promotion of Aducanumab as a treatment for Alzheimer's disease.

Structural Characterization and Protective Effects of Fruit Shell Polysaccharides against DSS-Induced Ulcerative Colitis in Mice.

Plant polysaccharides have been reported to possess multiple pharmacological effects that can inhibit the progression of inflammatory diseases. The shell of fruits is a byproduct of the industry that is insufficiently utilized. Herein, a novel polysaccharide (CFP-A) was purified from fruit shells, and its structure elucidation and anti-inflammatory activity against dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced ulcerative colitis were investigated.

Natural product library screening identifies Darutigenol for the treatment of myocardial infarction and ischemia/reperfusion injury.

Introduction: Ischemic heart diseases are the leading cause of death worldwide due to the inability of regeneration of adult cardiomyocytes (CMs). Natural products from medical herbs are an important source of innovative drugs for many diseases including cardiovascular diseases.

Objectives: In this study, we set out to screen novel small-molecule therapies from natural products to protect heart against ischemic injury.

Application of systematic early rehabilitation training in patients undergoing primary neuroanastomosis and thumb opposition reconstruction due to complete median nerve laceration due to carpal injuries.

Objective: This study is intended to investigate the effect of systematic early rehabilitation training in patients undergoing primary neuroanastomosis and thumb opposition reconstruction due to complete median nerve laceration due to carpal injuries.

Method: Sixty patients with complete median nerve laceration due to carpal injuries, who underwent primary neuroanastomosis and thumb opposition reconstruction were randomly divided into a control group (started conventional rehabilitation training 4 weeks after surgery) and an observation group (started systematic early rehabilitation training 48 h postoperatively), with 30 cases in each group. The functional status of the median nerve (sensory/motor nerve conduction velocity, amplitude and latency) was determined 3 months after training in both groups.

Knockdown of MIF-AS1 Inhibits Pain and Inflammation in Lumbar Disc Herniation by Modulating the miR-185-5p/VEGFA Axis.

Study DesignProspective Study.ObjectiveThe objective of this investigation was to explore the abnormal expression of migration inhibitory factor antisense RNA 1 (MIF-AS1) in lumbar disc herniation (LDH) patients and its relationship to the degree of pain and inflammatory response in LDH, as well as the molecular mechanism of its involvement in LDH.MethodsThis study included 50 patients with LDH.

Immediate effects of extracorporeal radial pressure wave therapy on dystonia, static plantar pressure distribution, and balance in patients with Parkinson's disease.

Background: Extracorporeal radial pressure wave therapy (ERPWT) has emerged as a potential non-invasive treatment for various musculoskeletal and neurological disorders. This study investigates the immediate effects of ERPWT on dystonia, static plantar pressure distribution, and balance in patients with Parkinson's disease (PD).

Methods: Thirteen participants with PD were recruited from the Department of Rehabilitation Medicine at the First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University.

Ocular Manifestations of Mpox and Other Poxvirus Infections: Clinical Insights and Emerging Therapeutic and Preventive Strategies.

Poxvirus infections, particularly those caused by the monkeypox virus, have emerged as significant public health threats. Ocular manifestations constitute a severe potential clinical complication associated with these infections, potentially resulting in permanent visual impairment in afflicted patients. This review aimed to examine the clinical spectrum of ocular manifestations associated with mpox and other poxvirus infections and to evaluate current management strategies alongside emerging therapeutic interventions and prevention strategies.

Digital Intervention in Children With Developmental Language Disorder: Systematic Review.

Background: Developmental language disorder (DLD) is one of the most common neurodevelopmental disorders. Effective intervention is primarily important for improving the language and communication skills of children with DLD, and strengthening these skills ensures quality of life and prevents negative effects in adulthood. Digital interventions have the potential to complement conventional language intervention, reducing the workload for therapists and increasing accessibility to language training in homes or schools.

Three-dimensional digital design of orthopedic surgery for idiopathic scoliosis deformity: A case series.

ObjectiveTo establish a new method of three-dimensional digital design for orthopedic surgery of idiopathic scoliosis deformity and evaluate its application value in surgical treatment.MethodsThe clinical data of 11 patients with idiopathic scoliosis who underwent three-dimensional digital design and three-dimensional printing from January 2021 to December 2023 were retrospectively analyzed. Patients underwent computed tomography at admission, and three-dimensional reconstruction of a spinal anatomy model was conducted.

Arthroscopic versus open fixation for medial malleolus fractures improves trauma response and bone healing.

Medial malleolus fracture is traditionally performed via an open approach. However, significant drawbacks such as exfoliated soft tissue injury, infection, prolonged recovery periods have been reported. Recently, arthroscopy-assisted reduction percutaneous internal fixation (ARPF) demonstrates advantages in minimizing soft tissue damage, improving joint visualization, and enhancing postoperative recovery, however, robust comparative evidence remains sparse on the efficacy of ARPF versus open reduction and internal fixation (ORIF) in treating medial malleolus fractures.

Data-driven analysis of technological biomarkers and functional myocardial ischemia in stable coronary artery disease using advanced statistical modeling.

BackgroundFunctional myocardial ischemia (FMI) in stable coronary artery disease (SCAD) remains a critical challenge in cardiovascular care. While fractional flow reserve (FFR) is a gold-standard diagnostic technology, its clinical adoption is limited by cost and complexity. Integrating technological biomarkers and advanced analytics could enhance risk stratification and guide precision interventions.

FoxO3 controls cardiomyocyte proliferation and heart regeneration by regulating Sfrp2 expression in postnatal mice.

The Forkhead box O3 (FoxO3) transcription factor is crucial to controlling heart growth in adulthood, but its exact role in cardiac repair and regeneration in postnatal mice remains unclear. Here, we show that FoxO3 deficiency promotes cardiomyocyte proliferation in postnatal mice and improves cardiac function in homeostatic adult mice. Moreover, FoxO3 deficiency accelerates heart regeneration following injury in postnatal mice at the regenerative and non-regenerative stages.

The Silent Epidemic: Unveiling Herpetic Uveitis in the Elderly.

In aging societies, uveitis-a leading cause of vision loss due to ocular inflammation-is increasingly prevalent, especially among older people. This study aimed to determine the trends and contributing factors of herpetic uveitis in older people, reflecting the broader impact of demographic shifts on ocular health. A retrospective study at the Institute of Science Tokyo reviewed uveitis cases in patients aged ≥ 65 years between 2012 and 2022.

Circulating inflammatory cytokines and risk of aortic stenosis: A Mendelian randomization analysis.

Background: Observational studies have consistently reported positive associations between inflammatory biomarkers and the risk of developing aortic stenosis (AS). However, it is crucial to acknowledge that conventional observational studies are prone to various forms of bias, including reverse causation and residual confounding. To delve deeper into unraveling the potential causal relationship between inflammatory biomarkers and aortic stenosis, we conducted a comprehensive two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis.

A randomized controlled trial of the efficacy of music therapy on the social skills of children with autism spectrum disorder.

Background: Children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) experience deficits in social skills. Music therapy (MT) has been used as a therapeutic aid for clinical disorders. This study aims to explore the effect of MT on the social skills of children with ASD and to provide evidence for clinical intervention in the social skills of children with ASD.

Higher interfragmentary compression force improves lateral tibial plateau fracture stability using locking plate fixation: experimental and simulation verification.

Background: This study investigated the impact of higher interfragmentary compression force (IFCF) on the stability of locking plate fixation in lateral tibial plateau fractures.

Methods: Biomechanical experiments and finite element analysis (FEA) were employed to compare the performance of the AO cancellous lag screw (AOCLS) and a newly developed combined cancellous lag screw (CCLS).

Results: The results demonstrated that the CCLS provided a higher IFCF without the risk of over-screwing, significantly improving fixation stability.