Deep learning-based prediction of axillary pathological complete response in patients with breast cancer using longitudinal multiregional ultrasound.

Background: Noninvasive biomarkers that capture the longitudinal multiregional tumour burden in patients with breast cancer may improve the assessment of residual nodal disease and guide axillary surgery. Additionally, a significant barrier to the clinical translation of the current data-driven deep learning model is the lack of interpretability. This study aims to develop and validate an information shared-private (iShape) model to predict axillary pathological complete response in patients with axillary lymph node (ALN)-positive breast cancer receiving neoadjuvant therapy (NAT) by learning common and specific image representations from longitudinal primary tumour and ALN ultrasound images.

Evaluation of serum alkaline phosphatase and lactate dehydrogenase as predictive biomarkers for the prognosis of male breast cancer.

Breast cancer has become one of the most common malignant tumors in women, and the incidence rate is increasing annually in men. This study focused on exploring the prognostic significance of the combined detection of serum ALP and LDH in patients with breast cancer. We enrolled 80 individuals with male breast cancer (MBC), female breast cancers (FBCs) were randomly matched via propensity score matching (PSM).

LRRC75A-AS1 facilitates breast cancer cell proliferation and invasion via functioning as a CeRNA to modulate miR489-3p/ARD1.

This study aimed to elucidate the molecular mechanism through which ARD1 regulates breast cancer (BC) progression via the LRRC75A-AS1/miR-489-3p axis. The expression levels of ARD1, miR-489-3p, and LRRC75A-AS1 in BC cells were quantified using reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). The interaction between miR-489-3p and ARD1 was validated through dual-luciferase reporter assays and RNA-binding protein immunoprecipitation (RIP).

Preoperative pectoralis muscle index predicts distant metastasis-free survival in non-small cell lung cancer patients: a retrospective study.

Background: Thoracic muscles contribute to respiration, is a crucial indicator for assessing functional recovery following lung resection. However, there is a lack of research on the long-term prognostic value of pectoralis muscle.

Methods: Consecutive patients who underwent curative-intent resection for stage I to IIIA NSCLC between 2013 and 2018 at a cancer center were retrospectively identified.

Comparing the diagnostic efficacy of [F]FDG PET/CT and [F]FDG PET/MRI in breast cancer recurrence: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Purpose: This meta-analysis evaluates and compares the diagnostic accuracy of [F]FDG PET/CT and [F]FDG PET/MRI in detecting breast cancer recurrence.

Methods: A search was conducted across PubMed, Web of Science, and Embase databases up to June 10, 2025, to identify studies evaluating the diagnostic performance of [F]FDG PET/CT and/or [F]FDG PET/MRI in breast cancer recurrence. Sensitivity and specificity were calculated using the DerSimonian and Laird method with Freeman-Tukey double arcsine transformation.

Immune molecule diagnostics in colorectal cancer: CCL2 and CXCL11.

Traditional serrated adenomas (TSAs) and sessile serrated adenomas (SSAs) are known precursors to colorectal cancer (CRC), but differentiating between them morphologically can be challenging. This study developed an immune molecule-based model to distinguish TSA from SSA using RNA sequencing data from the GEO datasets (GSE117606, GSE45270, GSE117607). Gene expression profiling was conducted with the R package GEOquery, and immune cell infiltration was assessed using CIBERSORTx.

Comorbidity of hypertension and lung cancer: interplay of genetics and environment.

Hypertension and lung cancer are two of the most prevalent chronic diseases worldwide, each contributing significantly to public health burdens. While both diseases have been extensively studied individually, their comorbidity remains an underexplored area of research. Recent studies suggest that genetic susceptibility plays a crucial role in the coexistence of these conditions, with overlapping genetic variants influencing both vascular homeostasis and tumorigenesis.

Impact of preoperative abdominal MRI staging on outcomes for stage II-III colon cancer: a propensity score-matched cohort study.

Objective: Preoperative MRI staging offers a noninvasive approach to assess local tumor invasion and distant metastasis. Attention has been paid to investigating the impact of preoperative abdominal MRI staging on the prognosis of patients with stage II-III colon cancer.

Methods: Patients who underwent radical resection for stage II-III colon cancer at Yunnan Cancer Hospital between 2008 and 2017 were retrospectively analyzed and divided into preoperative MRI and non-MRI groups.

Development and validation of a hypoxia-immune-based microenvironment gene signature for predicting survival in non-small cell lung cancer.

Background: This study aims to establish a hypoxia-immune-related gene signature within the tumor microenvironment (TME) to reliably predict prognosis in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC).

Methods: Transcriptomic profiles and clinical data of lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) and lung squamous cell carcinoma (LUSC) were obtained from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) databases (GSE74777, GSE68465). Hypoxia- and immune-related genes were curated from MSigDB, ImmPort, and INATDB.

Construction and validation of acetylation-related gene signatures for immune landscape analysis and prognostication risk prediction in luminal breast cancer.

Background: Epigenetic acetylation plays an essential role in the development and drug resistance of luminal breast cancer. However, the acetylation regulatory network in luminal breast cancer remains underexplored.

Methods: We used the TCGA-BRCA database to explore the acetylation regulatory network in luminal breast cancer.

Multimodal radiopathomics approach for predictions of prognosis and immunotherapy response in patients with GC: a multicohort retrospective study.

Background: Current TNM staging systems insufficiently predict individual prognosis and chemotherapy response in gastric cancer (GC). We aimed to develop and validate a radiopathomics signature (RPS) integrating computed tomography (CT) and pathological features to improve prognostic stratification and guide treatment decisions. Preliminary evaluation of immunotherapy response was also conducted.

LncRNA TMEM99 Complexes with IGF2BP2 to Inhibit Autophagy in Lung Adenocarcinoma.

Lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD), the most common type of lung cancer, has a poor prognosis. Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) play a key role in LUAD progression, yet the biological role of lncRNA TMEM99 remains unexplored. In this study, its function in inhibiting autophagy in LUAD is explored.

TME-guided deep learning predicts chemotherapy and immunotherapy response in gastric cancer with attention-enhanced residual Swin Transformer.

Adjuvant chemotherapy and immune checkpoint blockade exert quite durable anti-tumor responses, but the lack of effective biomarkers limits the therapeutic benefits. Utilizing multi-cohorts of 3,095 patients with gastric cancer, we propose an attention-enhanced residual Swin Transformer network to predict chemotherapy response (main task), and two predicting subtasks (ImmunoScore and periostin [POSTN]) are used as intermediate tasks to improve the model's performance. Furthermore, we assess whether the model can identify which patients would benefit from immunotherapy.

Microbiome and Gartynecologic Cancer.

In recent years more and more studies have pointed out that the microbiota plays an important role in the development of gynecological tumors. A healthy female reproductive tract microbiota is dominated by lactobacilli, which can produce lactic acid and other metabolites to protect the normal reproductive tract microenvironment. If the microflora is out of balance, the abnormally increased flora may contribute to inflammation and even cancer in the reproductive system by activating the immune response, regulating metabolites and hormone levels.

Research progress of anti-angiogenic therapy combined with immunotherapy and radiotherapy for the treatment of brain metastases in non-small cell lung cancer (Review).

The treatment of brain metastases (BMs) from non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is primarily systemic and local; however, the therapeutic effects of various treatment methods on BMs are minimal. The occurrence of BMs from NSCLC is a complex process. The penetration of tumour cells into the blood-brain barrier changes the function of cell junctions, leading to changes in the microenvironment of intracranial tumours.

Immune infiltration and drug treatment response of angiogenesis-related LncRNA in lung adenocarcinoma.

Background: Lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) is one of the most lethal tumors and is characterized by high mortality and worse prognosis. Long noncoding RNA (lncRNA) plays an important function in tumor formation. Targeting tumor angiogenesis is a crucial cancer treatment strategy.

Mapping the EORTC QLQ-C30 and QLQ-LC13 to the SF-6D utility index in patients with lung cancer using machine learning and traditional regression methods.

Background: Preference-based measures of health-related quality of life (HRQoL), such as the Short Form Six-Dimension (SF-6D) is essential for health economic evaluations. However, these measures are rarely included in clinical trials for lung cancer. This study aims to develop mapping algorithms to predict SF-6D health utility scores from the European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer Quality of Life Questionnaire Core (EORTC QLQ-C30) and Quality of Life Questionnaire-Lung Cancer 13 (QLQ-LC13).

Impact of seasons on elderly patients with esophageal squamous cell carcinoma following esophagectomy: a propensity score matching analysis.

Background: Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) is prevalent in East Asia, with elderly patients facing unique postoperative challenges. This study examines the impact of seasonal variations on postoperative complications and survival in elderly patients undergoing esophagectomy for ESCC.

Methods: This retrospective cohort study was conducted using data from the Sichuan Cancer Hospital & Institute Esophageal Cancer Case Management Database.

Analysis of the distribution of malignant tumor burden across eight systems in Africa: an epidemiological analysis based on the global burden of disease study 1990-2021.

Objective: Africa, a continent abundant in natural resources yet facing economic and cultural challenges. This study investigates the burden of cancer in Africa, leveraging data from the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) Study 2021 to highlight the need for targeted healthcare interventions and policy reforms.

Materials And Methods: We analyzed cancer incidence, prevalence, mortality rates, and Disability-Adjusted Life Years (DALYs) per 100,000 population across 54 African countries from 1990 to 2021.

Effect of the PTPN4/TRAM/TLR4 Signaling Pathway on Angiogenesis Mediated by Rab27a-regulated miR-17-5p Secretion in Breast Cancer Exosomes.

Background: The aim of this study was to investigate the mechanisms by which Rab27a regulates the secretion of exosomes in breast cancer to affect angiogenesis and breast cancer (BC) progression.

Methods: RT‒qPCR was used to detect the levels of Rab27a and miR-17-5p Western blot analysis was used to determine the levels of related proteins. CCK-8, colony formation, EdU staining, and Transwell assays were used to determine cell viability, proliferation and migration.

Computed tomography features of gastric cancer with deficient mismatch repair: Radiologic-pathologic correlation.

Objectives: Our study aimed to identify CT features of locally advanced gastric cancer (LAGC) associated with deficient mismatch repair (dMMR), explore the underlying pathological basis, and develop a morphology-based model for dMMR prediction.

Methods: This multicenter, retrospective analysis included 397 patients with LAGC treated at three institutions between January 2016 and January 2022. Mismatch repair (MMR) status was determined by immunohistochemical analysis of postoperative specimens.

Brain structural alterations and cognitive dysfunction in lung cancer patients without brain metastasis.

This study explored the relationship between cognitive function and brain structure in lung cancer (LCs) patients without brain metastases and healthy controls (HCs). A cohort of 75 chemotherapy-naive LCs without brain metastases and 29 age-, sex-, and education-matched HCs underwent cognitive assessments and structural MRI. The MRI focused on cortical thickness, surface area, and volume of subcortical structures.

Annotation-Free Whole-Slide Image Analysis Method to Assess Immune Infiltration in Colorectal Cancer.

Purpose: Tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) play a crucial role in host antitumor processes. High level of TILs is associated with better outcomes for patients. We aim to automatically quantify TILs without any nuclei annotation and further construct an immune score to predict the survival of patients with colorectal cancer.

Sex-based analysis of clinical outcomes in elderly patients with esophageal squamous cell carcinoma post-esophagectomy: a propensity score matching analysis.

Background: Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) is a common and aggressive form of esophageal cancer, particularly prevalent in East Asia. This study aimed to investigate the impact of sex on clinical outcomes, including survival and postoperative complications, in elderly ESCC patients following esophagectomy.

Methods: We conducted a retrospective cohort study using data from the Sichuan Cancer Hospital & Institute Esophageal Cancer Case Management Database, involving patients aged 70 years and older who underwent esophagectomy from May 2016 and August 2021.

Impact of occupation on survival of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma patients following esophagectomy: a long-term survival analysis.

Background: Esophageal cancer (EC), particularly esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC), is a major global health issue with high incidence and mortality rates in Asia. This study examines the impact of occupational background on the long-term survival of ESCC patients following esophagectomy.

Methods: Data were obtained from the Sichuan Cancer Hospital & Institute Esophageal Cancer Case Management Database (SCCH-ECCM Database), focusing on patients with ESCC who underwent esophagectomy between 2010 and 2017.