Clay-based hemostatic agents: Fabrication, mechanisms, and evidence.

Hemorrhagic control remains a serious concern in emergency medicine and combat trauma management, where achieving rapid hemostasis significantly impacts patient survival outcomes. While conventional interventions including direct manual compression and tourniquet application demonstrate clinical efficacy in routine scenarios, their limitations become apparent when managing catastrophic hemorrhage or anatomically complex injuries. Mineral-based hemostatic agents, particularly clay-derived rapid hemostats, have emerged as a promising therapeutic modality that synergizes ancestral wound management practices with contemporary material engineering.

Design optimization of mutual dissolution layer and diffusion interface layer in planar heterojunction near-infrared organic phototransistors for ultrahigh photosensitivity.

The interfacial mutual solubility can result in a random distribution of donor and acceptor materials during the spin-coating step in the fabrication of planar heterojunction (PHJ) near-infrared (NIR) organic phototransistors. In this case, deep trap states are induced by acceptors, accelerating electron-hole recombination, ultimately impairing the photoresponsivity of the phototransistor. To solve this issue, a controllable mutual dissolution layer (formed by co-solvent treatment) combined with a diffusion interface layer (formed by the solvent vapor annealing (SVA) method) was introduced to achieve a more ordered arrangement of donors and acceptors, thereby enhancing the electrical performance of PHJ-based NIR phototransistors.

Dual-perspective decoupling network for kidney tumor segmentation on CT images.

The key challenges in kidney tumor segmentation include unpredictable location, high similarity among objects, and variability in boundaries. Existing approaches mostly handle these challenges from an object-agnostic perspective or a single decoupling perspective, which limits their ability to address all the aforementioned challenges. To tackle these problems, we propose a Dual-perspective Decoupling Network (DDNet), which consists of the Dual-perspective Decoupling Module (DDM) and the Edge Refinement Module (ERM).

Efficacy and safety of electroacupuncture-based comprehensive treatment for post-stroke depression: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.

Objective: This research aims to assess the therapeutic effects and safety of treatments for PSD by conducting a thorough systematic review and meta-analysis.

Methods: Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) were retrieved from PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, The Cochrane Library, China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), and Wan Fang, covering all available records up to September 30, 2024. RCTs evaluating on the efficacy and safety of electroacupuncture in individuals with PSD were included.

Different Acupuncture Treatments for Myofascial Pain Syndrome in Neck or Shoulder: A Network Meta-Analysis Based on Randomized Controlled Trials.

Background: Myofascial Pain Syndrome (MPS) is a prevalent musculoskeletal condition. Acupuncture therapy demonstrates significant advantages due to its unique mechanism of action. However, there are notable discrepancies in the evidence levels among various acupuncture therapies, and direct comparative data between different treatments remain scarce.

Recent Progress on CoP as Anodes for Metal-Ion Batteries.

With the rapid development of portable electronic devices and electric vehicles, metal-ion batteries, especially lithium/sodium/potassium-ion batteries (LIBs/SIBs/PIBs), have become a research hotspot because of their high energy density and cycle stability. The battery system primarily comprises three key components: negative electrode material, positive electrode material, electrolyte, and diaphragm. The selection of the negative electrode material will directly impact the battery's energy density.

Imaging hypoxia for head and neck cancer: current status, challenges, and prospects.

Hypoxia can substantially impact clinical outcomes in patients with head and neck cancer (HNC) by promoting tumor invasion, metastasis, immune escape, and therapy resistance. Given the growing interest in targeting hypoxia for cancer therapy, noninvasive methods are needed to accurately detect hypoxia and evaluate the tumor response to treatment. This review summarizes recent advances in hypoxia-targeted probes and imaging techniques, emphasizing their imaging mechanisms, strengths, and limitations.

N-methyladenosine attenuates tumor-associated macrophages M2 polarization via suppressing the translation of Snail.

Macrophage polarization of tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) is critical for cancer development, while the impact of N-methyladenosine (mA) on the polarization of TAMs remains poorly understood. This study investigated the function of mA modification in macrophages and demonstrated that methyltransferase-like 3 (METTL3) can downregulate the alternatively activated macrophages (M2) polarization level of TAMs via suppression of snail family transcriptional repressor 1 (Snail) protein translation. Independent of protein stability, METTL3 restrained the translation efficiency of Snail in an mA-dependent manner, thereby inhibiting M2 polarization of TAMs.

Key elements and practical logic of non-directive counselling intervention in perinatal women's depression: based on grounded theory analysis.

Background: Perinatal female depression seriously endangers the health of mothers and infants, and effective intervention is the key to prevention and treatment. As a psychological intervention method that focuses on client-led treatment and emphasises emotional support, the role of non-directive counselling in depression intervention in perinatal women deserves in-depth discussion.

Objective: To explore the application methods and mechanisms of non-directive counselling intervention in alleviating depression in perinatal women, and to construct its key elements and practical logic models.

Association between sleep patterns, circadian rhythms, and hair loss in young adults.

The increasing prevalence of delayed bedtimes and androgenetic alopecia (AGA) among younger individuals raises the question of whether late bedtimes could be a potential risk factor for AGA. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between sleep patterns and AGA in young individuals and explore whether circadian rhythms contribute to the underlying mechanisms. A cross-sectional survey among college students assessed AGA prevalence and chronotype.

Effects of inter-crystal scattering events on the performance of SIAT aPET.

The probability of 511 keV-rays undergoing inter-crystal scattering (ICS) in current positron emission tomography (PET) detectors is high. The objective of this research is to study the impact of the ICS events on the performance of the small animal SIAT aPET scanner.The SIAT aPET scanner is composed of 48 detectors organized in 4 rings with each ring containing 12 detectors.

Molecular Insights into the Effect of S262 Phosphorylation on the Binding of Tau to Microtubule and Its Self-Aggregation.

Aberrantly phosphorylated Tau protein dissociating from microtubule and aggregating into intracellular fibrillary inclusions is closely associated with tauopathies, including Alzheimer's disease, chronic traumatic encephalopathy, and corticobasal degeneration. Previous experiments reported that the tauopathies-associated post-translational modification serine 262 phosphorylation (S262p) is linked to the Tau-microtubule interaction and Tau self-aggregation. However, the underlying molecular mechanism is not well understood.

Clinical value of the lactate-to-albumin ratio in assessing prognosis in critically ill patients with sepsis-associated encephalopathy: A retrospective analysis.

ObjectiveSepsis-associated encephalopathy (SAE) is a critical complication of sepsis with high mortality, yet reliable prognostic biomarkers remain limited. This study aimed to investigate the association between the lactate-to-albumin ratio (LAR) and short- and long-term mortality in SAE patients.MethodsA retrospective cohort analysis was conducted using the MIMIC-IV database, including 874 adult SAE patients.

Predicting HIV self-testing intentions among Chinese college students: a dual-model analysis integrating health belief constructs and machine learning prioritization.

Introduction: As college students emerge as a key HIV-vulnerable population in China, HIV self-testing (HIVST) presents a critical strategy for enhancing detection rates and enabling timely intervention. While observational studies have identified multifactorial influences on HIVST willingness, few investigations integrate behavioral theory with machine learning approaches among college students. This study aims to fill this gap by exploring the determinants of HIVST willingness among college students using the Health Belief Model (HBM) and random forest analytics.

Advances and Application of Polyphenol Oxidase Immobilization Technology in Plants.

Polyphenol oxidase (PPO) is a metalloproteinase widely present in plant organelles that plays crucial roles in photosynthesis, pest and disease resistance, growth and development, and flower color formation. Due to the high cost and reuse difficulties of plant PPO in applications, immobilization has emerged as a key technology to improve its stability, recyclability, and reusability. Immobilized plant PPO has been widely used in environmental and detection fields.

Super-Resolution Ultrasound Radiomics Can Predict the Upstaging of Ductal Carcinoma In Situ.

Introduction: Preoperatively distinguishing pure ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) from upstaged DCIS is important for deciding optimal surgical strategies. However, it is hard to preoperatively predict the upstaging of biopsy-proven DCIS. This study aims to develop an effective radiomics model for predicting the upstaging of DCIS based on super-resolution (SR) ultrasound images.

Mobile App-Based Self-Management of Urinary Incontinence in Pregnant Women: Multicenter Pragmatic Randomized Controlled Trial.

Background: Urinary incontinence (UI) is a common condition during pregnancy, significantly impacting the physical and mental well-being as well as quality of life. With advancements in mobile health technology, mobile apps provide innovative approaches for managing UI. Although small-scale studies have demonstrated their efficacy in alleviating maternal UI symptoms, there is a notable lack of large-scale, multicenter trials to validate these findings.

Multimodal tumor microenvironment signature of colorectal cancer for prediction prognosis and chemotherapy benefit.

The current tumor‒node‒metastasis (TNM) staging system cannot provide sufficient information for prognosis and chemotherapy benefits in patients with colorectal cancer (CRC). The tumor microenvironment plays a critical role in disease progression and therapeutic response. Here, we developed and validated a multimodal tumor microenvironment signature of CRC (MTMS) using 1314 CRC patients to enhance prognosis and chemotherapy benefit predictions.

The m6A modification reader protein IGF2BP2 regulates ferroptosis in nasopharyngeal carcinoma cells by stabilizing CP expression via an m6A-dependent mechanism.

In this study, we explored the role of IGF2BP2 in nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) and its link to ferroptosis, a form of regulated cell death associated with cancer progression. Through bioinformatics analysis of the GSE53819 dataset, we identified differentially expressed genes, performed survival analysis, and conducted pan-cancer studies, revealing that IGF2BP2 is overexpressed in NPC and associated with poor prognosis. Clinical sample analysis and cellular experiments confirmed IGF2BP2 upregulation in NPC and its ability to induce ferroptosis when knocked down.

Two-sample Mendelian randomization analysis of the causal association between circulating inflammatory proteins and osteosarcoma.

Objective: To investigate the causal relationship between 91 circulating inflammatory proteins and osteosarcoma using the two-sample Mendelian randomization method.

Method: Corresponding exposure and outcome data were extracted from genome-wide association study (GWAS) databases. A two-sample Mendelian randomization analysis was conducted on the data, with the inverse-variance weighted (IVW) method serving as the primary analytical approach.

The Synergic Inhibition of Wilforlide A With Cisplatin in Lung Cancer Is Mediated Through Caspase-3 and NFκB Signaling.

Lung cancer is a malignant disease in the respiratory system and accounts for hundreds of thousands of deaths each year. Cisplatin is the first-line drug in the clinic for lung cancer. However, drug resistance and side effects are becoming a big problem.

Advances in Contraceptive Vaccine Development: A Comprehensive Review.

The issues of uncontrolled global population growth and unintended pregnancies are severe, and the existing contraceptive methods have numerous limitations, making the development of novel contraceptive technologies urgent. Contraceptive vaccines offer a promising alternative to traditional contraception methods. This article reviews the three developmental stages of contraceptive vaccines, including early exploration, technical bottlenecks, and innovative development directions in the new era.

Population-specific brain charts reveal Chinese-Western differences in neurodevelopmental trajectories.

Human brain charts provide unprecedented opportunities for decoding neurodevelopmental milestones and establishing clinical benchmarks for precision brain medicine . However, current lifespan brain charts are primarily derived from European and North American cohorts, with Asian populations severely underrepresented. Here, we present the first population-specific brain charts for China, developed through the Chinese Lifespan Brain Mapping Consortium (Phase I) using neuroimaging data from 43,037 participants (aged 0-100 years) across 384 sites nationwide.

Primary hepatic leiomyosarcoma concurrent with early-stage lung adenocarcinoma: a rare case report.

Primary hepatic leiomyosarcoma (PHL) is an extremely rare malignant mesenchymal tumor, accounting for less than 2% of all primary hepatic malignancies. We report a case of a 46-year-old female who presented with a one-year history of abdominal distension and pain. Imaging revealed a 6×5×4 cm mass in the left hepatic lobe (segments 3/4) and incidentally detected a suspicious pulmonary nodule.