Dual-perspective decoupling network for kidney tumor segmentation on CT images.

The key challenges in kidney tumor segmentation include unpredictable location, high similarity among objects, and variability in boundaries. Existing approaches mostly handle these challenges from an object-agnostic perspective or a single decoupling perspective, which limits their ability to address all the aforementioned challenges. To tackle these problems, we propose a Dual-perspective Decoupling Network (DDNet), which consists of the Dual-perspective Decoupling Module (DDM) and the Edge Refinement Module (ERM).

Identification and verification of exosome-related gene signature to predict the cancer status and prognosis of prostate cancer.

Background: Prostate cancer is one of the common malignant tumors in men. Recent studies have reported that non-invasive liquid biopsy is of great significance in tumor diagnosis. We hope to find relevant detection genes to establish a diagnostic and prognostic model for prostate cancer.

Carelizumab and rivoceranib for advanced extramammary Paget's disease: an investigator-initiated multicenter, single-arm, phase II trial.

Background: Extramammary Paget's disease (EMPD) is a rare cancer without standard therapy. We evaluated the safety and efficacy of a combination of the humanized monoclonal antiprogrammed death-1 (PD-1) antibody, carelizumab, with rivoceranib, a vascular endothelial growth factor receptor (VEGFR) inhibitor, in patients with advanced EMPD.

Methods: This multicenter, single-arm, phase II trial included 12 patients with EMPD.

Metabolomic Understanding of variable risk factors for kidney cancer: a two-sample Mendelian randomization study.

Background: Circulating metabolites have been found to play an important role in the development of renal cancer, however, the specific pathways and mechanisms of their influence are still largely unknown. We aimed to investigate the role of metabolites in kidney cancer development and to explain the development of kidney cancer from a genetic perspective.

Method: We explored the role of plasma metabolites and urinary metabolites in kidney cancer using two-sample mendelian randomization (MR) separately and validated it using multiple databases; in addition, we performed rigorous tests of pleiotropy and heterogeneity to ensure that the results were robust.

The Xing Technique for Intracorporeal Ileal Conduit: Outcomes From a Single Center.

Objective: To describe our surgical technique for intracorporeal ureteroileal anastomosis and to assess its safety and short-term outcomes.

Patients And Methods: We performed a retrospective review of medical records for 90 consecutive patients who received an intracorporeal ileal conduit constructed using the Xing technique at our center from March 2018 to October 2022. In all cases, an intracorporeal ileal conduit was constructed using the Xing technique with a da Vinci Surgical System robot in a four-arm configuration or a Storz 3D laparoscopic system.

DNA methylation expression patterns predict outcome of clear cell renal cell carcinoma.

Objective: To identify DNA methylation markers related to clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) prognosis and construct a prognostic model.

Methods: Methylation data from TCGA and GSE113501 dataset were analyzed. Differential analysis, univariate Cox regression, and LASSO regression were used to find survival-related CpG sites and build a risk score model.

The impact of radiotherapy on the prognosis of metastatic clear cell renal cell carcinoma after surgery.

Clear cell renal cell carcinoma, one of the most common types of renal cell carcinoma, has been increasing in incidence year by year. This study aims to investigate the impact of radiotherapy on the prognosis of patients with metastatic clear cell renal cell carcinoma (mccRCC) undergoing cytoreductive surgery. Clinical data of patients with mccRCC who underwent cytoreductive surgery were collected from the SEER database (2000-2021).

Clinical Outcomes and Safety Profile of Neoadjuvant PD-1 Inhibitors Combined With VEGFR-TKI Versus VEGFR-TKI in Nonmetastatic Renal Cell Carcinoma.

Objective: The effectiveness of combining immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) and tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) in neoadjuvant therapy for renal cell carcinoma (RCC) remains unclear. This study aim to compare the efficacy and safety of neoadjuvant ICI plus TKI combination therapy versus TKI monotherapy in locally RCC patients.

Methods: This study included 185 cases of locally RCC disease(TanyNanyM0) receiving neoadjuvant therapy from 29 centers across China from January 2019 to Feburary 2024.

Spatial relationships and interactions of immune cell niches are linked to the pathologic response of muscle-invasive bladder cancer to neoadjuvant therapy.

Background: The identification of the complex spatial architecture of immune cell infiltration and its interaction mechanisms within tumor ecosystems provides crucial insights into therapeutic responses to neoadjuvant therapy in muscle-invasive bladder cancer (MIBC). This study aims to characterize the spatial features of distinct cell-type niches within the tumor microenvironment (TME) of patients with varying responses to neoadjuvant therapy.

Methods: We performed spatial transcriptomic profiling on six MIBC specimens obtained from a registered clinical trial (ChiCTR2000032359), generating whole-transcriptome spatial atlases to map the TME architecture.

m6A Methylation-Mediated Stabilization of LINC01106 Suppresses Bladder Cancer Progression by Regulating the miR-3148/DAB1 Axis.

Background: The pivotal roles of long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) in the realm of cancer biology, inclusive of bladder cancer (BCa), have been substantiated through various studies. Remarkably, RNA methylation, especially m6A modification, has demonstrated its influence on both coding and noncoding RNAs. Nonetheless, the explicit impact of RNA methylation on lncRNAs and its subsequent contribution to the progression of BCa remains to be elucidated.

Comparative analysis of salvage partial nephrectomy versus radical nephrectomy after the failure of initial partial nephrectomy.

Objectives: To compare the oncologic outcomes and renal function discrepancy of salvage partial nephrectomy (sPN) and salvage radical nephrectomy (sRN) after an initial failed PN.

Materials And Methods: Retrospective data from multiple centers between 2008 and 2022 were analyzed in this study. Patients who received sPN or sRN after an initial failed PN were identified.

Development of Prognostic Biomarkers by TMB-Guided WSI Analysis: A Two-Step Approach.

The rapid development of computational pathology has brought new opportunities for prognosis prediction using histopathological images. However, the existing deep learning frameworks lack exploration of the relationship between images and other prognostic information, resulting in poor interpretability. Tumor mutation burden (TMB) is a promising biomarker for predicting the survival outcomes of cancer patients, but its measurement is costly.

mA-mRNA Methylation Regulates Gene Expression and Programmable mA Modification of Cellular RNAs With CRISPR-Cas13b in Renal Cell Carcinoma.

N-methyladenosine (mA) is the most extensive messenger RNA modification. Despite recent advances in the biological roles of mA, its role in the development and progression of renal cell carcinoma (RCC) remains unclear. In this study, we gained the transcriptome-wide mA profile and gene expression pattern in RCC and paired adjacent peritumoral tissues by meRIP-seq and RNA-seq.

The Clinicopathological Features and Prognosis in Patients With Papillary Renal Cell Carcinoma: A Multicenter Retrospective Study in Chinese Population.

Objective: The purpose of this study was to compare the clinicopathological characteristics of type 1 and type 2 papillary renal cell carcinoma (PRCC) and to explore the prognostic factors of PRCC in the Chinese population.

Methods: A total of 242 patients with PRCC from five Chinese medical centers were retrospectively included. From them, 82 were type 1 PRCC and 160 were type 2 PRCC.

Deep Learning with Quantitative Features of Magnetic Resonance Images to Predict Biochemical Recurrence of Radical Prostatectomy: A Multi-Center Study.

Biochemical recurrence (BCR) occurs in up to 27% of patients after radical prostatectomy (RP) and often compromises oncologic survival. To determine whether imaging signatures on clinical prostate magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) could noninvasively characterize biochemical recurrence and optimize treatment. We retrospectively enrolled 485 patients underwent RP from 2010 to 2017 in three institutions.

Patient-Level Prediction of Multi-Classification Task at Prostate MRI Based on End-to-End Framework Learning From Diagnostic Logic of Radiologists.

The grade groups (GGs) of Gleason scores (Gs) is the most critical indicator in the clinical diagnosis and treatment system of prostate cancer. End-to-end method for stratifying the patient-level pathological appearance of prostate cancer (PCa) in magnetic resonance (MRI) are of high demand for clinical decision. Existing methods typically employ a statistical method for integrating slice-level results to a patient-level result, which ignores the asymmetric use of ground truth (GT) and overall optimization.

Crossing vessels with suspension versus transposition in laparoscopic pyeloplasty of patients with ureteropelvic junction obstruction: a retrospective study.

Purpose: To compare the effects of two different methods of laparoscopic pyeloplasty for the treatment of crossing vessels.

Methods: From January 2016 to August 2019, 33 patients with ureteropelvic junction obstruction (UPJO) underwent laparoscopic pyeloplasty at our center, including 21 men and 12 women, ranging from 14 to 66 years of age. There were 20 and 13 cases on the left and right sides, respectively.

CREPT/RPRD1B promotes tumorigenesis through STAT3-driven gene transcription in a p300-dependent manner.

Background: Signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) has been shown to upregulate gene transcription during tumorigenesis. However, how STAT3 initiates transcription remains to be exploited. This study is to reveal the role of CREPT (cell cycle-related and elevated-expression protein in tumours, or RPRD1B) in promoting STAT3 transcriptional activity.

CREPT is required for murine stem cell maintenance during intestinal regeneration.

Intestinal stem cells (ISCs) residing in the crypts are critical for the continual self-renewal and rapid recovery of the intestinal epithelium. The regulatory mechanism of ISCs is not fully understood. Here we report that CREPT, a recently identified tumor-promoting protein, is required for the maintenance of murine ISCs.

Challenges and management of laparoscopic treatment of pyonephrosis caused by calculi.

Background: Calculous pyonephrosis is a disease characterized by infectious hydronephrosis associated with pyogenic destruction of the renal parenchyma, with complete or almost complete loss of renal function.

Methods: The clinical data of laparoscopic nephrolithotomy performed at Peking University People's Hospital from May 2017 to June 2020 were analyzed retrospectively. Eight patients (2 men; 6 women) aged 27 to 65 years (average age, 45.

Concomitant Treatment of Ureteropelvic Junction Obstruction Complicated by Renal Calculi with Laparoscopic Pyeloplasty and Pyelolithotomy via 19.5F Rigid Nephroscope: A Report of 12 Cases.

: To introduce our experience of concomitant laparoscopic pyeloplasty (LP) and pyelolithotomy via 19.5 F rigid nephroscope to treat ureteropelvic junction obstruction (UPJO) complicated with renal calculi.: The data of 42 patients with UPJO who underwent LP from June 2016 to August 2019 were retrospectively reviewed.

Radiologist-like artificial intelligence for grade group prediction of radical prostatectomy for reducing upgrading and downgrading from biopsy.

To reduce upgrading and downgrading between needle biopsy (NB) and radical prostatectomy (RP) by predicting patient-level Gleason grade groups (GGs) of RP to avoid over- and under-treatment. In this study, we retrospectively enrolled 575 patients from two medical institutions. All patients received prebiopsy magnetic resonance (MR) examinations, and pathological evaluations of NB and RP were available.