Efficacy and safety of topical vs. oral calcium channel blockers for chronic anal fissures: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Calcium channel blockers (CCBs) are first-line pharmacotherapy for chronic anal fissures (CAF), but the optimal administration route (oral vs. topical) remains unclear. This systematic review and meta-analysis compared efficacy and safety of oral vs.

YTHDC2 inhibits HPV-positive cervical cancer growth by suppressing SLC7A11 in a ferroptosis-dependent manner.

Chronic infection with high-risk human papillomavirus (HPV) types increases the risk of developing cervical cancer (CC). Notably, these HPV types are implicated in ~70% of all CC cases. YTH N6-methyladenosine RNA-binding protein C2 (YTHDC2) is an N6-methyladenosine reader associated with several cancers, although its specific function in CC remains poorly understood.

Global burden of thyroid cancer attributed to high body mass index and predictive trends: estimated results from the global health data study, 1990-2021.

Background: Thyroid cancer is the most common endocrine tumor, impacting patients' quality of life and contributing to a significant societal burden. This study aims to estimate the global burden of thyroid cancer attributable to High Body Mass Index(HBMI) over the past 30 years.

Methods: The mortality rates, disability-adjusted life years (DALYs), and age-standardized rates (ASRs) attributable to HBMI for thyroid cancer were extracted.

Effect of Intensive Blood Pressure Control on Stroke: A Prespecified Secondary Analysis of the ESPRIT Trial.

Background: Elevated systolic blood pressure (SBP) accounts for one-half of the population attributable fraction for stroke, so lowering SBP is the most important treatment for preventing stroke.

Objective: In this study, the authors sought to assess the effects of intensive treatment targeting SBP <120 mm Hg on stroke compared with standard treatment targeting SBP <140 mm Hg.

Methods: In the ESPRIT trial, hypertensive patients with high cardiovascular risk were randomly assigned to intensive treatment or standard treatment and followed for 3.

Efficacy and Safety of HSK31679 in Asian Patients with MASLD: A Randomized Controlled Trial.

Background And Aims: This study evaluated the efficacy and safety of the thyroid hormone receptor β agonist HSK31679 in Asian patients with metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD).

Methods: This was a phase 2a, multicenter, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study at 26 centers in China. Subjects with a liver fat content (LFC) of ≥ 8% at screening, when assessed by magnetic resonance imaging-proton density fat fraction, were eligible.

The effect of low-level toluene on working memory maintenance has its own neural network basis rather than the continuation of brain network alterations during encoding.

Working memory (WM) involves different neural network mechanisms that underlie the encoding of external stimuli and the active maintenance of non-external stimulus information. We have demonstrated that short-term exposure to 70-ppb toluene impairs the encoding network. However, its role in the maintenance network remains unclear.

Efficacy and safety of anrikefon in patients with pruritus undergoing haemodialysis: multicentre, double blind, randomised placebo controlled phase 3 trial.

Objective: To evaluate the efficacy and safety of anrikefon (formerly known as HSK21542), a novel selective peripherally restricted kappa opioid receptor agonist, in patients with chronic kidney disease associated pruritus.

Design: Multicentre, double blind, randomised placebo controlled phase 3 trial.

Setting: 50 centres in China, June 2022 to June 2024.

Prognostic analysis and development of a predictive model for pulmonary invasive mucinous adenocarcinoma.

Background: Pulmonary invasive mucinous adenocarcinoma (IMA), a rare subtype of lung adenocarcinoma, exhibits distinct clinicopathological features. However, its prognostic determinants remain poorly understood due to its low incidence and the limited availability of longitudinal survival data. Diagnostic challenges complicate the management of patients with IMA, as it often mimics inflammatory or infectious pulmonary lesions.

Case Report: Treatment of delayed tremor episodes in a patient with DPPX antibody encephalitis.

Introduction: Autoimmune encephalitis is a neurological disease caused by abnormal autoimmune mechanisms, characterized by a range of symptoms such as psychiatric and behavioral abnormalities, cognitive impairment, memory decline, and seizures. It is primarily identified by the presence of autoantibodies against neuronal surface antigens in the cerebrospinal fluid. This disease is relatively rare in clinical settings, and its diagnosis remains challenging, with fewer than a hundred cases reported to date.

Noninvasive evaluation of treatment-related protein expression status in advanced gastric cancer using dynamic nomograms with dual-energy CT: a multicenter study.

Objectives: Proliferation marker Ki-67 and immune checkpoint Programmed Cell Death Ligand 1 (PD-L1) are both proteins associated with tumor treatment response. To develop and validate two dynamic nomograms from dual-energy CT (DECT) for noninvasive evaluation of the expression status of these two proteins in advanced gastric cancer (AGC), and explore their associations with treatment response.

Materials And Methods: In this multicenter prospective and retrospective study, eligible AGC participants who underwent DECT scans were recruited into two study groups (Ki-67 and PD-L1 groups), with their clinical and DECT characteristics collected and measured.

Transcriptome Sequencing Reveals ceRNA Networks and Molecular Signatures in Myopic Mouse Retina.

Purpose: Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) and circular RNAs (circRNAs) in the retina play crucial roles in myopia; however, their regulatory mechanisms remain unclear. This study aimed to investigate significant genes and related signaling pathways associated with myopia by constructing and analyzing competitive endogenous RNA (ceRNA) networks within the retina.

Materials And Methods: We investigated the expression patterns of lncRNAs, circRNAs, microRNAs (miRNAs), and messenger RNAs (mRNAs) within the retina using a form-deprivation myopia mouse model to elucidate their regulatory mechanisms in myopia.

Metabolomics-guided analysis combined with network pharmacology and molecular simulations reveals the mechanism of JHT in treating septic intestinal dysfunction.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: Jinhong Tang (JHT), recorded in Surgery of Traditional Chinese Medicine, is a famous modern prescription for acute abdomen. Our previous study demonstrated that JHT can improved the immune function and organ function of patients with sepsis, achieving favorable clinical outcomes. However, the basis of these effects and the underlying mechanisms remain unclear.

Tibremciclib or Placebo Plus Fulvestrant in Hormone Receptor-Positive and ERBB2-Negative Advanced Breast Cancer After Endocrine Therapy: A Randomized Clinical Trial.

Importance: Cyclin-dependent kinase (CDK) 4/6 inhibitors combined with endocrine therapy (ET) are now considered the standard treatment regimen for hormone receptor-positive (HR+) and ERBB2 (formerly HER2)-negative (ERBB2-) advanced breast cancer (ABC). Tibremciclib (BPI-16350), a novel CDK4/6 inhibitor, has demonstrated favorable tolerability and promising antitumor activity as a monotherapy or combined with fulvestrant among patients with HR+/ERBB2- ABC in a phase 1 trial. Further investigations are necessary to assess the efficacy and safety of tibremciclib.

Ultrasonic hemodynamic parameters for predicting acute kidney injury and establishment of a predictive model based on these parameters.

Background: This study was designed to explore the clinical utility of ultrasound hemodynamic parameters in predicting acute kidney injury (AKI) and assessing its severity.

Methods: A total of 122 patients initially diagnosed with AKI were included in this prospective observational study. The ultrasound measurements were completed within 24 h of admission.

Chiral Artificial Antigen-Presenting Cells Enhancing Tumor Immunotherapy: Evasion of Macrophage Uptake through Inhibition of Serum Protein Corona Formation.

Biomimetic artificial antigen-presenting cells (aAPCs) have emerged as a promising platform for the immune system activation and modulation. However, abundant serum proteins in the living body prefer to adsorb on the aAPC surface to form a protein corona, leading to rapid clearance of aAPCs by mononuclear phagocytes, causing inefficient tumor immunotherapy by aAPCs. To achieve long-lasting antitumor immunity, chiral aAPCs with left-handed (aAPCs-L) or right-handed (aAPCs-D) helices are constructed via coassembly, chiral induction, chiral memory, and a click reaction.

Stem cell extracellular vesicles: a new dawn for anti-inflammatory treatment of neurodegenerative diseases.

Mesenchymal stem cell-derived extracellular vesicles, as carriers for intercellular communication, are rich in bioactive substances such as proteins and nucleic acids, and show unique potential in the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases. Their vesicular structure, with a diameter of 30-150 nm, can penetrate the blood-brain barrier and modulate the activity of microglia and astrocytes by delivering functional molecules. This process inhibits the release of pro-inflammatory factors and enhances the expression of anti-inflammatory mediators, thereby alleviating neuroinflammation in the pathological process of neurodegenerative diseases.

Comprehensive analysis of the clinical and biological significances of polyamine metabolism in glioma.

Polyamines, including spermidine, spermine, and putrescine, are polycationic alkylamines in mammalian cells. However, the prognostic impact of polyamine in glioma remains unclear. In the present study, we performed bioinformatic analysis to characterize the expression of polyamine metabolism family members in patients with glioma.

Efficacy and safety of IBI351 (fulzerasib) monotherapy in KRAS inhibitor-naïve Chinese patients with KRAS-mutated metastatic colorectal cancer: a pooled analysis from phase I part of two studies.

IBI351 (also known as fulzerasib or GFH925), an irreversible covalent inhibitor of KRAS, has demonstrated promising anti-tumour activity in patients with solid tumours. In this study, data were pooled from the phase I part of two clinical studies (NCT05005234 and NCT05497336), aiming to evaluate the efficacy and safety of IBI351 monotherapy in KRAS inhibitor-naïve Chinese patients with KRAS-mutated metastatic colorectal cancer (CRC). The objective response rate (ORR) was the primary endpoint.

Efficacy and safety of bevacizumab biosimilar SIBP04 compared with bevacizumab (Avastin®) as first-line treatment for locally advanced or metastatic non-squamous non-small-cell lung cancer: A randomized, double-blind, phase 3 trial.

Background: SIBP04 is a biosimilar of bevacizumab (Avastin®, Roche, Basel, Switzerland). This study evaluated the equivalence of SIBP04 to Avastin® as first-line treatment for locally advanced or metastatic non-squamous non-small-cell lung cancer (nsqNSCLC).

Methods: In this randomized, double-blind, multi-center, phase 3 trial, we recruited patients with locally advanced or metastatic nsqNSCLC from 58 hospitals at China.

Efficacy and safety of narlumosbart, an anti-RANKL monoclonal antibody, in postmenopausal women with osteoporosis: a multi-center, randomized, double-blind, placebo- and active-controlled, phased II study.

Background: This study aimed to preliminarily explore the efficacy and safety of narlumosbart, an anti-RANKL monoclonal antibody, in treating postmenopausal women with osteoporosis.

Methods: This multi-center, randomized, double -blind, placebo- and active-controlled study was conducted at 23 clinics across China between April 21, 2022 and April 19, 2023. Eligible patients were randomly assigned (1:1:1:1:1) to receive either 45 mg.

High expression of eIF4A1 promotes angiogenesis through the NF‑κB/VEGFA pathway and predicts poor prognosis in gastric cancer.

Increased eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4A (eIF4A1) expression is observed in numerous types of cancer and is associated with carcinogenesis; however, little is known about the role of eIF4A1 in gastric cancer (GC) angiogenesis. In the present study, a total of 1,758 gastric mucosa samples were collected for immunohistochemical staining in tissue microarrays. The expression levels of eIF4A1 and their association with clinicopathological characteristics and prognosis were analyzed using χ test and univariate/multivariate analysis.

Association Between Weight-Adjusted Waist Circumference Index and Metabolic Disease-Associated Fatty Liver Disease: A Retrospective Study.

Background: Metabolic disease-associated fatty liver disease has brought significant challenges to public health and social-economics. There is a need for a straightforward and effective method to screen for metabolic disease-associated fatty liver disease. The weight-adjusted waist circumference index offers a comprehensive reflection of visceral fat accumulation and skeletal muscle loss.

Synergistic effects of multiple pathological processes on Alzheimer's disease risk: Evidence for age-dependent stroke interactions.

Background: Alzheimer's disease (AD) pathogenesis involves complex interactions between multiple neuropathological processes, yet traditional approaches focus on individual markers. The cumulative effects of multiple pathologies and their interactions with cerebrovascular compromise and age remain poorly understood. This study aimed to develop a comprehensive Pathological Burden Score (PBS) and examine its relationship with AD risk, including interactions with stroke history and age.

Multimodal deep learning improving the accuracy of pathological diagnoses for membranous nephropathy.

Objectives: Renal biopsy is the gold standard for the diagnosis of glomerular diseases including membranous nephropathy (MN), however, it faces challenges in accuracy, objectivity, and reproducibility of tissue evaluation. This study aims to develop a multimodal pathological diagnosis system to assist pathologists in diagnosing MN in morphology.

Methods: Using PASM-stained, immunofluorescence, and electron microscopy images from MN patients, we built three deep-learning models to detect lesions.