Maize lipid droplet-associated protein 2 is recruited by a virus to enhance viral multiplication and infection through regulating cellular fatty acid metabolism.

Pathogen infection induces massive reprogramming of host primary metabolism. Lipid and fatty acid (FA) metabolism is generally disrupted by pathogens and co-opted for their proliferation. Lipid droplets (LDs) that play important roles in regulating cellular lipid metabolism are utilized by a variety of pathogens in mammalian cells.

Variation in Seed Morphological Traits Affects the Dispersal Strategies of Following Invasion.

Seed germination and dispersal have an important impact on the establishment and spread of invasive plants. Understanding the extent of intraspecific seed trait variations can enhance our understanding of how invasive plants respond to environmental change after introduction and help predict the dynamic of invasive species under future environmental conditions. However, less attention has been given to the variation in seed traits within species as opposed to among species.

Dominant suppressor genes of p53-induced apoptosis in Drosophila melanogaster.

One of the major functions of programmed cell death (apoptosis) is the removal of cells that suffered oncogenic mutations, thereby preventing cancerous transformation. By making use of a Double-Headed-EP (DEP) transposon, a P element derivative made in our laboratory, we made an insertional mutagenesis screen in Drosophila melanogaster to identify genes that, when overexpressed, suppress the p53-activated apoptosis. The DEP element has Gal4-activatable, outward-directed UAS promoters at both ends, which can be deleted separately in vivo.

Field-evolved resistance to nitenpyram is associated with fitness costs in whitefly.

Background: Elucidating fitness cost associated with field-evolved insect resistance to insecticide is of particular importance to current sustainable pest control. The global pest whitefly Bemisia tabaci has developed resistance to many members of neonicotinoids, but little is known about whitefly resistance to neonicotinoid nitenpyram and its associated fitness cost. Using insecticide bioassay and life-table approach, this study aims to investigate nitenpyram resistance status in field-collected whitefly populations, and to explore whether such resistance is accompanied by a fitness cost.

Redescription of two species of Needham, 1905 (Plecoptera, Perlidae) and new distribution records of Stark, 1987 in China.

Background: Two species of from Guizhou Province, China, Du, 2000 and Du, 2005 were described with brief morphological descriptions available only in Chinese and original illustrations being somewhat blurry. Recently, we examined type material of these two species and re-described them with clear colour pictures for the first time.

New Information: In this paper, detailed English descriptions and colour pictures of and are provided for the first time.

GPCR-MAPK signaling pathways underpin fitness trade-offs in whitefly.

Trade-offs between evolutionary gain and loss are prevalent in nature, yet their genetic basis is not well resolved. The evolution of insect resistance to insecticide is often associated with strong fitness costs; however, how the fitness trade-offs operates remains poorly understood. Here, we show that the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathway and its upstream and downstream actors underlie the fitness trade-offs associated with insecticide resistance in the whitefly .

Full-length agave transcriptome reveals candidate glycosyltransferase genes involved in hemicellulose biosynthesis.

Agave species are typical crassulacean acid metabolism (CAM) plants commonly cultivated to produce beverages, fibers, and medicines. To date, few studies have examined hemicellulose biosynthesis in Agave H11648, which is the primary cultivar used for fiber production. We conducted PacBio sequencing to obtain full-length transcriptome of five agave tissues: leaves, shoots, roots, flowers, and fruits.

Migration and Accumulation Simulation Prediction of PPCPs in Urban Green Space Soil Irrigated with Recycled Water: A Review.

The presence of pharmaceuticals and personal care products (PPCPs) in reclaimed water introduces an ongoing challenge as they infiltrate green space soils during irrigation, leading to a gradual buildup that poses considerable ecological risks. The simulation and forecasting of PPCPs accumulation in soil are pivotal for proactive ecological risk management. However, the majority of research efforts have predominantly concentrated on the vertical transport mechanisms of PPCPs in the soil, neglecting a holistic perspective that integrates both vertical and lateral transport phenomena, alongside accumulation dynamics.

Notes on the genus Hirschmann, 1989 (Acari, Mesostigmata, Urodinychidae).

The genus Hirschmann, 1989 (Mesostigmata: Uropodina: Urodinychidae) is resurrected for species of the -group. This genus differs from the other taxa of Berlese, 1903 sensu lato based on the shape of the idiosoma and the caudal and dorsal setae. Three species from the -group are transferred to the genus , as (Hirschmann, 1973), , (Hiramatsu, 1980), and (Hiramatsu, 1980), The other seven species from this species group are transferred to , as (Vitzthum, 1926), , (Hiramatsu, 1985), , (Hiramatsu & Hirschmann, 1978), , (Hiramatsu & Hirschmann, 1978), , (Hiramatsu, 1980), , (Hiramatsu & Hirschmann, 1978), and (Hiramatsu & Hirschmann, 1978), The new genus differs from by the shape of the idiosoma and the shape of marginal and dorsal setae.

Molecular-phylogenetic investigation of trichomonads in dogs and cats reveals a novel Tritrichomonas species.

Background: Trichomonosis is a common infection in small animals, mostly manifesting in gastrointestinal symptoms such as diarrhea. Although oral trichomonads are also known, the species found colonizing the large intestine are more frequently detected protozoa.

Methods: In the present study, four wildcats, 94 domestic cats, and 25 dogs, originating from 18 different locations in Hungary, were investigated for the presence of oral and large intestinal trichomonads based on the 18S rRNA gene and ITS2.

Lethal and Sublethal Effects of Cyantraniliprole on the Biology and Metabolic Enzyme Activities of Two Lepidopteran Pests, and and A Generalist Predator, (Neuroptera: Chrysopidae).

Cyantraniliprole is a novel anthranilic diamide insecticide registered for controlling chewing and sucking insect pests. Here, the lethal and sublethal effects of this insecticide on two destructive lepidopteran pests, Boisduval and Hufnagel, were evaluated. Because the effects of novel insecticides on beneficial and non-target arthropods must be considered, the impact of cyantraniliprole on a generalist biological control agent, [Stephens 1836], were also examined.

Exposure to an insecticide formulation alters chemosensory orientation, but not floral scent detection, in buff-tailed bumblebees (Bombus terrestris).

Although pesticide-free techniques have been developed in agriculture, pesticides are still routinely used against weeds, pests, and pathogens worldwide. These agrochemicals pollute the environment and can negatively impact human health, biodiversity and ecosystem services. Acetamiprid, an approved neonicotinoid pesticide in the EU, may exert sub-lethal effects on pollinators and other organisms.

Differences in the uptake and translocation of differentially charged microplastics by the taproot and lateral root of mangroves.

The interception of microplastics (MPs) by mangrove roots plays an indispensable role in reducing the environmental risks of MPs. However, there remains limited research on the fate of the intercepted MPs. Hereby, the uptake and subsequent translocation of 0.

Velvet Family Protein FpVelB Affects Virulence in Association with Secondary Metabolism in .

causes destructive crown disease in wheat. The velvet protein family is a crucial regulator in development, virulence, and secondary metabolism of fungi. We conducted a functional analysis of FpVelB using a gene replacement strategy.

Microbiomes, diet flexibility, and the spread of a beetle parasite of honey bees.

Invasive pests may disturb and destructively reformat the local ecosystem. The small hive beetle (SHB), , originated in Africa and has expanded to America, Australia, Europe, and Asia. A key factor facilitating its fast global expansion is its ability to subsist on diverse food inside and outside honey bee colonies.

Two new species of Latreille and a new combination of Ris (Plecoptera, Nemouridae) from the Nanling Mountains Region of China.

Background: The family Nemouridae, belonging to Plecoptera, comprises 21 genera and over 700 species found globally, with the greatest diversity observed in temperate regions. Latreille, 1796 and Ris, 1902 are two largest genera of the family with the highest diversity in China.

New Information: Two new species of Latreille, 1796 of the family Nemouridae, Zhu, Rehman & Du sp.

Soil organic matter priming: The pH effects.

Priming of soil organic matter (SOM) decomposition by microorganisms is a key phenomenon of global carbon (C) cycling. Soil pH is a main factor defining priming effects (PEs) because it (i) controls microbial community composition and activities, including enzyme activities, (ii) defines SOM stabilization and destabilization mechanisms, and (iii) regulates intensities of many biogeochemical processes. In this critical review, we focus on prerequisites and mechanisms of PE depending on pH and assess the global change consequences for PE.

Critical Secondary Metabolites Confer the Broad-Spectrum Pathogenic Fungi Resistance Property of a Marine-Originating sp. HNBCa1.

Obtaining a microorganism strain with a broad-spectrum resistance property and highly efficient antifungal activity is important to the biocontrol strategy. Herein, a marine sp. HNBCa1 demonstrated a broad-spectrum resistance to 17 tested crop pathogenic fungi and exhibited a high biocontrol efficiency against mango anthracnose and banana fusarium wilt.

Contributions to our knowledge on avian louse flies (Hippoboscidae: Ornithomyinae) with the first European record of the African species Ornithoctona laticornis.

Background: Louse flies (Diptera, Hippoboscidae) are important blood-sucking parasites of birds and mammals with a worldwide distribution. The aim of our study was to collect louse flies from birds across multiple sites in Hungary and evaluate the effects of avian traits on louse fly-host relationships.

Methods: Between 2015 and 2022, 237 louse flies were collected from birds at multiple locations in Hungary.

Transboundary migration of Loxostege sticticalis (Lepidoptera: Crambidae) among China, Russia and Mongolia.

Background: The beet webworm, Loxostege sticticalis, a worldwide pest of many crops, performs a seasonal migration, causing periodic outbreaks in Asia, Europe and North America. Although long-distance migration is well documented in China, patterns of transboundary migration among China, Russia and Mongolia are largely unknown. We performed a phase analysis of L.

Identification and molecular characterization of two novel viruses from Allamanda cathartica in China.

Allamanda cathartica is an ornamental medicinal plant that grows widely in the tropics. In the present study, two novel viruses, Allamanda chlorotic virus A (AlCVA) and Allamanda chlorotic virus B (AlCVB), were identified in an A. cathartica plant with interveinal chlorosis by ribosomal RNA-depleted total-RNA sequencing.