Verification of the modified functional continuum scale for mortality risk stratification: The Rugao longitudinal aging study.

Functional continuum (FC) spans functional changes, stratifying mortality risk in the Spanish population, but has not been validated in other geographical or ethnic populations. A total of 1755 participants aged 75.31 ± 3.

SMYD2 epigenetically activates BMP4/SMAD1/5/8/ID3 axis to enhance cancer stem cell properties and drive sorafenib resistance in hepatocellular carcinoma.

Background: Drug resistance prominently hampers the effects of sorafenib in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Epigenetics play important roles in drug resistance. However, the contributions of SET And MYND Domain Containing 2 (SMYD2) to sorafenib resistance in HCC remain unknown.

Neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio predicts a poor prognosis for penile cancer with an immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment.

Background: Chronic inflammation related to poor genital hygiene is a well-recognized pathogenic trigger for penile cancer (PC). The neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) is a simple, reproducible systemic inflammatory marker and has been reported to indicate unfavorable outcomes. However, previous studies were limited by small sample sizes, confounding prognostic factors and a lack of high-quality evidence demonstrating the significance of the NLR in PC.

Physicochemical, Functional, and In Vitro Fermentation Characteristics of Buckwheat Bran Dietary Fiber Modified by Enzymatic Extrusion.

The effects of cellulase-xylanase synergistic treatment combined with twin-screw extrusion on the physicochemical, functional, and in vitro fermentation characteristics of buckwheat bran dietary fiber (BBDF) were investigated. Compared to single enzymatic hydrolysis, the synergetic modification was more effective in promoting the soluble DF (SDF) ratio (increased from 10.68% to 32.

Effect of Flammulina velutipes polysaccharidees on the quality and digestibility of fresh wet rice noodles: A study perspective from physicochemical and postprandial glucose homeostasis in vivo.

This study investigated the effects of alkali-extracted Flammulina velutipes polysaccharides (AEFP) on the physicochemical properties, starch digestibility, and glycemic response of fresh wet rice noodles (WRN). Adding 0.5 % - 4 % AEFP reduced the breaking rate, enhanced water absorption, and improved textural properties (e.

A novel indicator for predicting functional recovery in elderly hip fracture patients.

Background: The inflammatory response following hip fracture significantly influences postoperative functional recovery in patients. However, to date, no inflammatory index has been identified as a reliable and accurate predictor of functional recovery, especially in elderly patients with hip fractures. This study introduces and evaluates a novel inflammatory marker, the lymphocyte ratio-calcium index (LRCa), for predicting one-year postoperative functional recovery and compares its performance to that of established markers, including the platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR), monocyte-to-lymphocyte ratio (MLR), systemic immune-inflammation index (SII), aggregate index of systemic inflammation (AISI), and systemic inflammation response index (SIRI).

Does a high body mass index remain a protective factor in hip fracture patients with hypertension and diabetes?

Background: Body mass index (BMI) was used to classify overweight or obesity. The obesity paradox was observed in elderly hip fracture patients. However, obesity has been implicated as one of the major risk factors for hypertension and diabetes.

Different Efficacy of Five Soluble Dietary Fibers on Alleviating Loperamide-Induced Constipation in Mice: Influences of Different Structural Features.

Different dietary fibers have distinct structures, leading to significant variations in their laxative effects. To explore how these structural differences impact constipation intervention, a 14-day study was conducted on loperamide-induced constipated mice using five dietary fibers: soluble dietary fiber from steamed sweet potato (SDF-S), oat β-glucan (OB), polydextrose (PD), arabinogalactan (AG), and inulin (IN). The results showed that four fibers, excluding PD, significantly improved gastrointestinal (GI) transit rate ( < 0.

Establishment and evaluation of a carotid artery dissection model in rats.

Background: Given the lack of models for carotid artery dissections (CAD), we aim to investigate effects of beta-aminopropionitrile (BAPN) combined with physical damage on the arterial walls of rats, and to establish a high-incidence and low-mortality CAD model.

Methods: Sixteen SPF SD rats (3-week-old) were divided into two groups. Group B was given 0.

Mechanism of hydrocolloids effect on buckwheat starch gels from interaction and structural perspectives: A comparative study.

Controlling the digestibility and gel properties of Tartary buckwheat starch (TBS) has become a central issue for functional foods. The effects of hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC), guar gum (GG) and Konjac glucomannan (KGM) on TBS from the interaction and structural perspectives were studied. Three hydrocolloids increased the peak, trough and final viscosity of TBS in a concentration-dependent manner.

Critical Secondary Metabolites Confer the Broad-Spectrum Pathogenic Fungi Resistance Property of a Marine-Originating sp. HNBCa1.

Obtaining a microorganism strain with a broad-spectrum resistance property and highly efficient antifungal activity is important to the biocontrol strategy. Herein, a marine sp. HNBCa1 demonstrated a broad-spectrum resistance to 17 tested crop pathogenic fungi and exhibited a high biocontrol efficiency against mango anthracnose and banana fusarium wilt.

GLIM criteria represent a more suitable tool to evaluate the nutritional status and predict postoperative motor functional recovery of older patients with hip fracture: A retrospective study.

Early recognition of malnutrition is essential to improve the prognosis of older patients with hip fracture. The Nutritional Risk Screening 2002 (NRS-2002), the Short-Form Mini Nutritional Assessment (MNA-SF) and the Global Leadership Initiative on Malnutrition (GLIM) are widely used in malnutrition diagnosis. However, criteria for predicting postoperative hip joint motor function in older patients with hip fractures are still necessary.

Biomechanics and finite element analysis comparing posterior T-plates with LCP for fixation of posterolateral tibial plate fractures.

The treatment for posterolateral tibial plateau fractures (PTPF) have been subjects of controversy. We conducted a study to improve the fixation of PTPF through a lateral approach. We utilized 40 synthetic tibias and categorized the fracture models into five groups based on the locking compression plate (LCP) and T-distal radius plate (TPP) via various forms of fixation with screws through the posterolateral (PL) fracture fragments.

The Association between Dietary Habits and Rapid Postoperative Recovery of Rotator Cuff Repair.

Some nutritional factors have been suggested to improve postoperative outcomes in rotator cuff (RC) repair, but dietary effects on the recovery speed after the surgery remain undefined. To investigate the potential roles of dietary habits in this context, we analyzed the 12-month follow-up data of 55 patients with RC repair and found that these patients could be categorized into a rapid recovery group (n = 35) and slow recovery group (n = 20) according to their postoperative recovery patterns. Group-based logistic analysis revealed that habitual intakes of meat (OR = 1.

Gastrointestinal Fermentable Polysaccharide Is Beneficial in Alleviating Loperamide-Induced Constipation in Mice.

To investigate the role of gastrointestinal (GI) polysaccharide fermentation in alleviating constipation, two polysaccharide fractions were isolated from a soluble fiber extract with determined anti-constipation activity: a 2.04 kDa neutral fraction (SSP-1) contained 99.29% glucose, and a 41.

Chlorogenic Acid Alleviates LPS-Induced Inflammation and Oxidative Stress by Modulating CD36/AMPK/PGC-1α in RAW264.7 Macrophages.

Chlorogenic acid (CGA) is a bioactive substance with anti-inflammatory activities. Clusters of CD36 have been suggested to be widely involved in inflammatory damage. However, the mechanism of CGA protecting against LPS-induced inflammation involving the CD36 regulation is unclear.

FBN1 knockout promotes cervical artery dissection by inducing N-glycosylation alternation of extracellular matrix proteins in rat VSMCs.

FBN1 mutation promotes the degeneration of microfibril structures and extracellular matrix (ECM) integrity in the tunica media of the aorta in Marfan syndrome. However, whether FBN1 modulates cervical artery dissection (CAD) development and the potential molecular mechanisms of abnormal FBN1 in CAD remains elusive. In this study, FBN1 deficiency participated in the development of CAD and influenced the proliferation, apoptosis, and migration of vascular smooth muscle cells.

Effects of Steaming on Sweet Potato Soluble Dietary Fiber: Content, Structure, and Proliferation .

The influence of steaming treatment on the soluble dietary fiber (SDF) of sweet potato was investigated. The SDF content increased from 2.21 to 4.

The Regulatory Axis of PD-L1 Isoform 2/TNF/T Cell Proliferation Is Required for the Canonical Immune-Suppressive Effects of PD-L1 Isoform 1 in Liver Cancer.

Despite the well-studied effects of the full-length membrane-locating isoform Iso1 of Programmed Cell Death Protein-Ligand 1 (PD-L1) on immunosuppression, little is known about another membrane-locating isoform, Iso2. While expressional and survival analysis of liver cancer patients indicated that Iso2 plays a tumor-suppressive role, our results also indicated that the tumor-promoting and immune-suppressive effects of Iso1 depended on the positive expression of Iso2. Through mediation analysis, we discovered several downstream genes or pathways of Iso2 and investigated their effects on the Iso1-regulating survival.

The effects of altered DNA damage repair genes on mutational processes and immune cell infiltration in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma.

Background: Defects in DNA damage repair (DDR) pathways lead to genomic instability and oncogenesis. DDR deficiency is prevalent in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC), but the effects of DDR alterations on mutational processes and tumor immune microenvironment in ECSS remain unclear.

Methods: Whole-exome and transcriptome sequencing data of 45 ESCC samples from Taizhou, China, were used to identify genomic variations, gene expression modulation in DDR pathways, and the abundance of tumor-infiltrating immune cells.

Effect of Maltodextrin on the Physicochemical Properties and Cooking Performance of Sweet Potato Starch Noodles.

Maltodextrin (MD), the hydrolyzed starch product, is a promising alternative ingredient to improve the quality of starch-based foods. The effects of MD on the physicochemical, microstructural, and cooking properties of sweet potato starch (SPS) noodles, as well as the mechanism of SPS-MD interactions, are discussed. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) results indicated that MD at a suitable concentration can improve the ordered structure of SPS-MD gels.

Formation of sweet potato starch nanoparticles by ultrasonic-assisted nanoprecipitation: Effect of cold plasma treatment.

Starch nanoparticles (SNPs) were produced from sweet potato starches by ultrasonic treatment combined with rapid nanoprecipitation. The starch concentration, ultrasonic time, and the ratio of starch solution to ethanol were optimized through dynamic light scattering (DLS) technique to obtain SNPs with a Z-average size of 64.51 ± 0.