Poor Collateralization in T2DM: Role of SLC4A10+ MAIT Cells.

Background: Type 2 diabetes is strongly associated with impaired collateralization, which increases the risk of cardiovascular complications, such as myocardial infarction and heart failure. This study explored the immune cell dynamics in patients with type 2 diabetes with chronic total occlusion and their impact on collateralization.

Methods: Peripheral blood mononuclear cells were extracted from patients with type 2 diabetes with chronic total occlusion, exhibiting either good or poor collateralization.

Exiguobacterium mexicanum PY14 Reduces Toxic Selenite to Elemental Selenium: Characterization and Mechanism.

Microbial reduction of toxic Se(IV) oxyanions to biogenic Se(0) has garnered considerable attention for detoxification. This study presents a comprehensive investigation of Se(IV) reduction by environmentally versatile Exiguobacterium genus through integrated physicochemical, genomic, and transcriptomic analyses. Exiguobacterium mexicanum PY14 demonstrated remarkable efficiency, reducing ∼1 mM selenite to extracellular Se(0) within 12 h under aerobic conditions, with broad adaptability to pH (7-9), temperature (30-37°C), and salinity (up to 40 g L NaCl).

The Effect of Lipoprotein(a) Levels on Non-Culprit Atherosclerosis in Patients With Acute Coronary Syndrome Who Underwent Percutaneous Coronary Intervention: An Optical Coherence Tomography Study.

Background: The association between lipoprotein(a) [Lp(a)] levels and progression of non-culprit atherosclerosis (NSA) in patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS) who underwent percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) is unknown.

Methods: This study enrolled 177 patients with ACS who underwent OCT-guided PCI and follow-up OCT examinations of non-culprit lesions between 2013 and 2018. Lesion characteristics including fibrous tissue, calcium, lipid, and macrophage content were assessed using quantitative plaque analysis.

The effect of a low transition temperature mixture for enhanced bioavailability of celecoxib in combination with hyaluronic acid in a rat model with post-traumatic knee osteoarthritis.

Osteoarthritis (OA) is the most common form of arthritis and a leading cause of disability worldwide. Current therapies include pain relief with oral uptake of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) and intra-articular injections of hyaluronic acid (HA), to restore the lubricant and protective properties of the joint (viscosupplementation). The administration of both therapies is limited, especially for NSAIDs, given the systemic side-effects.

Giant and Anisotropic Spin Relaxation Time in van der Waals GeSe With Gate-Tunability.

The 2D materials are promising channel materials for spin transistors due to their natural spatial-confined carrier transport character. Nonetheless, electrical spin injection and detection in 2D semiconductors used to be challenging. This study reports high-efficient spin injection and transport in 2D GeSe, which exhibits moderate spin-orbit coupling (SOC) and extended spin diffusion lengths due to the van der Waals structure.

Global disease burden of colorectal cancer attributable to high BMI has more than doubled over the past 30 years.

Background: Colorectal cancer (CRC) significantly contributes to global cancer-related mortality and morbidity, with a high body mass index (BMI) being a key modifiable risk factor. Understanding the evolving burden of CRC attributable to high BMI is essential for informing public health strategies and meeting global noncommunicable disease targets.

Methods: Using data from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2021, we examined the age-, sex-, and location-specific CRC burden attributable to obesity.

Chromium-Doped Biomass-Based Hydrochar-Catalyzed Synthesis of 5-Hydroxymethylfurfural from Glucose.

5-Hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF) is a versatile carbohydrate-derived platform chemical that has been used for the synthesis of a number of commercially valuable compounds. In this study, several chromium (Cr)-doped, biomass-derived hydrochar catalysts were synthesized via the one-pot method using starch, eucalyptus wood, and bagasse as carbon sources. Then, the performance of these synthesized materials for the catalytic conversion of glucose into HMF was evaluated by, primarily, the yield of HMF.

Safety and efficacy of low-temperature RA-flush solution in patients with moderate-to-severe calcified lesions (LOTA-II): a randomized, double-blind, multicenter study.

Rotational atherectomy (RA) is an effective, mature, and specific treatment for calcified lesions. However, the incidence of RA-related myocardial injury remains high and has not been adequately addressed. To assess the safety and efficacy of low-temperature RA-flush solution versus room-temperature RA-flush solution during RA.

Paeonol Improves Cardiac Remodelling in MI Mice by Suppressing NOX2 mRNA Expression to Mitigate Oxidative Stress and Mitochondrial Dysfunction.

Myocardial infarction (MI), a primary contributor to mortality from cardiovascular diseases, continues to pose a significant challenge in clinical treatment. In this study, our objective was to investigate the cardioprotective effects of paeonol (PAE) on mice with MI, and to delve into the precise mechanisms underlying these effects. We developed the MI model by ligating the left anterior descending artery in mice and replicated this model in vitro by stimulating H9C2 cells with levarterenol (LN).

Bifunctional Chromium-Doped Phenolic Porous Hydrothermal Carbon Catalysts for the Catalytic Conversion of Glucose to 5-Hydroxymethylfurfural.

A sustainable and efficient approach for converting carbohydrates into 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF) via heterogeneous catalysis is crucial for effectively utilizing biomass. In this study, we synthesized a series of CrX-polyphenol-formaldehyde resin (PTF) catalysts, which are composites of Cr-doped phenolic-resin-based hydrothermal carbon, using a chelation-assisted multicomponent co-assembly strategy. The performance of the synthesized catalysts was assessed through various analytical techniques, including scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, thermogravimetric analysis, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, pyrolysis-Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, and Brunauer-Emmett-Teller analysis.

Neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio predicts a poor prognosis for penile cancer with an immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment.

Background: Chronic inflammation related to poor genital hygiene is a well-recognized pathogenic trigger for penile cancer (PC). The neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) is a simple, reproducible systemic inflammatory marker and has been reported to indicate unfavorable outcomes. However, previous studies were limited by small sample sizes, confounding prognostic factors and a lack of high-quality evidence demonstrating the significance of the NLR in PC.

RC48-ADC monotherapy or in combination with immunotherapy for locally advanced or metastatic urothelial carcinoma with HER2 low and null expression: a multicenter, real-world, retrospective study.

Background: Approximately half of urothelial carcinoma (UC) patients exhibit low or null HER2 expression. Limited data are available on the efficacy of anti-HER2 RC48-ADC (Disitamab Vedotin) in HER2 low and null advanced UC.

Methods: Patients with locally advanced or metastatic UC (la/mUC) with HER2 low (IHC 1+) and null (IHC 0) expression who received RC48-ADC monotherapy or in combination with programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1) inhibitors were enrolled in this multi-center, retrospective study.

Risk factors for bile leakage after laparoscopic common bile duct exploration in older patients with choledocholithiasis.

Background: At present, there are few studies on the risk factors for bile leakage after laparoscopic common bile duct exploration (LCBDE) for older patients with choledocholithiasis.

Aim: To identify the potential risk factors for bile leakage after LCBDE in older patients.

Methods: A retrospective, single-center observational analysis was performed on patients aged ≥ 70 years with choledocholithiasis treated by LCBDE who were admitted to our center between January 2011 and August 2022.

Polarization-Field-Induced Inequivalent Exciton Dynamics in Janus MoSeS/MoSe Heterostructures.

The interplay between excitons and physical fields emerges as a forefront research topic within the domain of condensed matter physics, harboring significant impact for unraveling material properties. Herein, we investigate the valley exciton behaviors in Janus MoSeS/MoSe heterostructures with 2H- or 3R-stacking configurations. We ascertain that the intrinsic polarized electric field in Janus materials can markedly enhance the valley polarization.

Study on the potential clinical significance of subclinical stent edge effects after drug-eluting stent implantation.

Unlabelled: The edge effect (EE) of isolated restenosis at one or both ends of a stent is not reduced by drug-eluting stent (DES). The purpose of the study was to investigate the long-term outcome of 1-year subclinical DES-EE (sDES-EE), which was defined as any reduction in the minimal lumen area (MLA) at stent edge without any evidence of clinical ischemia. A total of 252 patients were enrolled from one of our previous randomized controlled studies, who were detected by optical coherence tomography (OCT) immediately after DES implantation and 1 year later.

NADPH oxidase 2 inhibitor GSK2795039 prevents against cardiac remodeling after MI through reducing oxidative stress and mitochondrial dysfunction.

Myocardial infarction (MI) is the leading cause of mortality in cardiovascular diseases and continues to pose a substantial challenge in clinical management, despite the availability of guideline-directed medical therapy. The present study aimed to investigate the potential protective effects of the NADPH oxidase inhibitor (NI) GSK2795039 on cardiac remodeling following MI, and to elucidate the underlying mechanisms involved. We established the MI model by ligating the left anterior descending artery in mice.

Clinical Effectiveness of Tislelizumab With Gemcitabine/Cisplatin Versus Gemcitabine/Cisplatin Alone as Adjuvant Therapy for High-Risk Muscle-Invasive Urothelial Carcinoma: A Real-World Study.

Background: Muscle-invasive urothelial carcinoma (MIUC) is a highly aggressive cancer associated with poor prognosis. Despite advancements in treatment, the optimal therapeutic approach remains unclear. Immune checkpoint inhibitors, when added to chemotherapy, have shown promise in improving patient outcomes.

Respiratory pathogen spectrum and epidemiological trends in Hainan Province: a retrospective analysis from 2017 to 2023.

Background: Respiratory tract infections (RTIs) pose a significant global health burden, caused by various pathogens. The COVID-19 pandemic and non-pharmaceutical interventions (NPIs) have created unprecedented challenges for public health systems, inadvertently altering the dynamics of other respiratory pathogens. This study aims to illustrate changes in the pathogen spectrum among RTI patients in Hainan Province before and during the pandemic.

Qufeng epimedium decoction alleviates rheumatoid arthritis through CYLD-antagonized NF-kB activation by deubiquitinating Sirt1.

Background: Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic autoimmune disease that markedly limits the patients´ day-to-day functional abilities and life quality. Currently, there is no known cure for RA. Qufeng epimedium decoction, a traditional Chinese medicine, is widely used in China to treat RA.

GILT stabilizes cofilin to promote the metastasis of prostate cancer.

Gamma-interferon-induced lysosomal thiol reductase (GILT), known for catalyzing disulfide bond reduction, is involved in various physiological processes. While the involvement of GILT in the development of various tumors has been demonstrated, the mechanisms underlying its regulation in prostate cancer (PCa) are not fully understood. In the present study, we confirmed that GILT was significantly upregulated in PCa and facilitated tumor metastasis.

Integrated use of electrochemical anaerobic reactors and genomic based modeling for characterizing methanogenic activity in microbial communities exposed to BTEX contamination.

In soil polluted with benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, and xylenes (BTEX), oxygen is rapidly depleted by aerobic respiration, creating a redox gradient across the plume. Under anaerobic conditions, BTEX biodegradation is then coupled with fermentation and methanogenesis. This study aimed to characterize this multi-step process, focusing on the interactions and functional roles of key microbial groups involved.

Optical coherence tomography versus angiography to guide percutaneous coronary intervention in patients with in-stent restenosis: an observational study.

Background: Although optical coherence tomography (OCT) guidance with the 'MLDMAX' criteria is very useful for de-novo lesions during percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI), there are limited studies on its benefits in patients with in-stent restenosis (ISR). This study aimed to compare the clinical outcomes of patients with ISR who underwent repeat PCI (re-PCI) with OCT or angiographic guidance.

Methods: This retrospective study enrolled 2142 patients with ISR who underwent re-PCI at Nanjing First Hospital from January 2016 to January 2023.

Band Alignment Semimetal Heterojunction-Based Ultrabroadband Photodetector for Noncontact Gesture Interaction with Low Latency.

Non-contact gesture recognition and interaction (NGRI) revolutionizes the natural user interface, fundamentally transforming human interactions with daily-use technology. Conventional NGRI systems frequently encounter obstacles such as pronounced latency and environmental disturbances, including humidity or lighting conditions, resulting in compromised system fluidity and robustness. This study highlights the utilization of silicon-based semimetal heterojunction photodetectors for precise gesture recognition and seamless human-machine interaction.

Van der Waals GeSe with Strain- and Gate-Tunable Linear Dichroism for Wearable Electronics.

The direct detection of light polarization poses a crucial challenge in the field of optoelectronics and photonics. Herein, the tunable linear dichroism (LD) in GeSe-based polarized photodetectors is presented through electronic and structural asymmetry modulation, and demonstrate their application prospects in wearable electronics. An improvement in the dichroic ratio up to 34% is achieved under a gate voltage of 20 V, and the improvement reaches 44% by applying a tensile strain along the zigzag direction.

IVUS-Guided vs Angiography-Guided PCI in Patients With Diabetes With Acute Coronary Syndromes: The IVUS-ACS Trial.

Background: Intravascular ultrasound (IVUS)-guided percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) reduces the risk for clinical events in patients with acute coronary syndromes (ACS), compared with angiographic guidance. However, the benefits of IVUS guidance in high-risk patients with diabetes with ACS is uncertain.

Objectives: The aim of this prespecified stratified subgroup analysis from the IVUS-ACS randomized trial was to determine the effectiveness of IVUS-guided PCI vs angiography-guided PCI in patients with diabetes with ACS.