Unraveling the regional environmental ecology dominated baijiu fermentation microbial community succession and associated unique flavor.

Chinese baijiu as one of the famous distilled liquor in which fermented in open environments, with various microorganisms (i.e., bacteria, fungi, and yeast) involved in their brewing process, and created corresponding unique flavor.

Dynamic changes of radiological and radiomics patterns based on MRI in viable hepatocellular carcinoma after transarterial chemoembolization.

Objectives: This study aims to analyze the magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) change patterns of viable hepatocellular carcinomas (HCCs) following the initial transarterial chemoembolization (TACE).

Methods: A retrospective analysis of HCC patients' initial TACE from February 2015 to October 2022 across three centers and a clinical trial (NCT03113955) was conducted. The viability of residual HCCs at one and six months after TACE was evaluated using the LI-RADS Treatment Response Algorithm (LR-TRA) v2024.

Chlorogenic Acid-Cucurbit[n]uril Nanocomplex Delivery System: Synthesis and Evaluations for Potential Applications in Osteoporosis Medication.

Purpose: Based on nanomedicine strategies, this study employed cucurbit[7]uril (Q[7]) as the macromolecular carrier to synthesize nanocomplex drug delivery system for chlorogenic acid (CGA). The nanocomplex drug delivery system is intended to overcome the unsatisfactory biocompatibility and bioavailability of CGA and realizing its potential role in long-term osteoporosis (OP) medication.

Methods: The nanocomplex was synthesized by the reflux stirring method.

High-Na-Content Birnessite via P'3-Stacking with Tunable Active Facets for Advanced Aqueous Sodium-Ion Batteries.

Layered Na-birnessites are promising cathode materials for aqueous sodium-ion batteries due to their high theoretical capacity, low cost, and environmental benignity. However, the general O'3 Na-birnessites possess low Na content and dominant inactive {001} exposed facets, which compromise their Na storage capability and cycling stability. Herein, we develop a high-Na-content P'3-NaMnO·0.

Highly sensitive detection of MMP-2 using an electrochemiluminescent biosensor enhanced by ladder-branch hybridization chain reaction.

An advanced electrochemiluminescence (ECL) biosensor was developed that integrates T7 RNA polymerase amplification, ladder-branch hybridization chain reaction (HCR), and the precise targeting capabilities of CRISPR/Cas13a technology. The novelty of this research lies in the unique combination of these three cutting-edge technologies, which has not been previously utilized together in biosensing platforms, enabling highly sensitive and specific detection of biomolecules with exceptional precision. This innovative biosensor addresses the critical need for sensitive and specific detection of matrix metalloproteinase-2 (MMP-2), a key biomarker in cancer diagnostics.

Dominant atmospheric circulation patterns associated with the rapid intensification of summer flash droughts in Eastern China.

Flash droughts (FDs), which are characterized by rapid intensification, occurred frequently over Eastern China, posing great challenges for drought forecasting and preparation on subseasonal timescale. However, the drivers of the rapid development of FDs are not well understood. By comparing with slow droughts (SDs), this study investigates the dominant physical processes responsible for FDs in four different regions over Eastern China through diagnosing moisture budgets and further linking them to large-scale atmospheric circulation patterns.

Exploring socioeconomic and environmental coordination in the Yangtze River Delta Region using a game theory stepwise-cluster factorial coupling coordination model.

Economic growth has brought about escalating environmental challenges. The purist of socioeconomic and environmental coordination necessitates a deep understanding of their interplay. Therefore, a game theory stepwise-cluster factorial coupling coordination model (GSFCM) has been developed to investigate the spatial and temporal patterns and driving forces of socioeconomic and environmental coordination in the Yangtze River Delta Region.

Classification and Identification of Frequency-Hopping Signals Based on Jacobi Salient Map for Adversarial Sample Attack Approach.

Frequency-hopping (FH) communication adversarial research is a key area in modern electronic countermeasures. To address the challenge posed by interfering parties that use deep neural networks (DNNs) to classify and identify multiple intercepted FH signals-enabling targeted interference and degrading communication performance-this paper presents a batch feature point targetless adversarial sample generation method based on the Jacobi saliency map (BPNT-JSMA). This method builds on the traditional JSMA to generate feature saliency maps, selects the top 8% of salient feature points in batches for perturbation, and increases the perturbation limit to restrict the extreme values of single-point perturbations.

A Low-Computational-Complexity Digital Predistortion Model for Wideband Power Amplifier.

This paper proposes a Composition Piecewise Memory Polynomial (CPMP) digital predistortion model based on a Vector Switched (VS) behavioral model to address the challenges of severe nonlinearity and strong memory effects in wideband power amplifiers (PAs). To tackle this issue, two thresholds are calculated and used to segment the envelope values of the input signal according to the nonlinear distortion characteristics of the PA. In this approach, a Generalized Memory Polynomial (GMP) model is employed for the lower segment, a Memory Polynomial (MP) model is employed for the middle segment, and a higher-order GMP model is employed for the upper segment.

VNS-BA*: An Improved Bidirectional A* Path Planning Algorithm Based on Variable Neighborhood Search.

The A* algorithm is an effective method for path planning; however, it has certain drawbacks, such as a high number of turns, low planning efficiency, and redundant searches. To address these issues, this paper proposes an improved bidirectional A* global path planning algorithm based on a variable neighborhood search strategy, named VNS-BA*. The new algorithm first employs an 8-11-13 neighborhood search method for node expansion.

Evidence for widespread thermal acclimation of canopy photosynthesis.

Plants acclimate to temperature by adjusting their photosynthetic capacity over weeks to months. However, most evidence for photosynthetic acclimation derives from leaf-scale experiments. Here we address the scarcity of evidence for canopy-scale photosynthetic acclimation by examining the correlation between maximum photosynthetic rates (A) and growth temperature ( ) across a range of concurrent temperatures and canopy foliage quantity, using data from >200 eddy covariance sites.

Optimization of percutaneous intervention robotic system for skin insertion force.

Purpose: Percutaneous puncture is a common interventional procedure, and its effectiveness is influenced by the insertion force of the needle. To optimize outcomes, we focus on reducing the peak force of the needle in the skin, aiming to apply this method to other tissue layers.

Methods: We developed a clinical puncture system, setting and measuring various variables.

construction of a vanadium dioxide and MXene heterostructure towards high-capacity ammonium ion storage.

A VO@VC (VO@VCM) anode material is prepared for aqueous ammonium ion batteries (AmIBs) by one-step oxidation of a 2D VC MXene. The VO@VCM delivers a high capacity of 226 mA h g, superior rate performance, and long cycling stability due to the synergistic effect of the highly conductive MXene and highly active VO.

Submesoscales are a significant turbulence source in global ocean surface boundary layer.

The turbulent ocean surface boundary layer is a key part of the climate system affecting both the energy and carbon cycles. Accurately simulating the boundary layer is critical in improving climate model performance, which deeply relies on our understanding of the turbulence in the boundary layer. Turbulent energy sources in the boundary layer are traditionally believed to be dominated by waves, winds and convection.

I -Mediated Oxygen Evolution Activities to Boost Rechargeable Zinc-Air Battery Performance with Low Charging Voltage and Long Cycling Life.

An effective strategy to facilitate oxygen redox chemistry in metal-air batteries is to introduce a redox mediator into the liquid electrolyte. The rational utilization of redox mediators to accelerate the charging kinetics while ensuring the long lifetime of alkaline Zn-air batteries is challenging. Here, we apply commercial acetylene black catalysts to achieve an I -mediated Zn-air battery by using ZnI additives that provide I to accelerate the cathodic redox chemistry and regulate the uniform deposition of Zn on the anode.

Dust event identification and characterization with one-year online observations in Beijing.

Dust storms have a profound impact on air quality, atmospheric chemistry, and human well-being by carrying vast amounts of particles over distances of thousands of kilometers. However, the overall characteristics of these dust events and their influence on secondary pollution in the northern China region are not yet well understood, due to a lack of long-term, comprehensive observations and objective identification techniques. Based on principal component analysis combined with high-time-resolution observations of particulate matter components, here we developed a robust method to identify dust storm events and identified 14 dust events in Beijing in 2019.

Significant changes in the physicochemical properties of BC-containing particles during the cold season in Beijing.

The ambient air quality has improved significantly under strict emission controls in Beijing, China over the last decade. Black carbon (BC), as a short-lived climate forcer in ambient aerosols, profoundly impacts the air quality and climate. Previous studies have demonstrated a decline in the mass concentration of BC.

Characterization of size-resolved aerosol hygroscopicity and liquid water content in Nanjing of the Yangtze River Delta.

Aerosol hygroscopicity and liquid water content (ALWC) have important influences on the environmental and climate effect of aerosols. In this study, we measured the hygroscopic growth factors (GF) of particles with dry diameters of 40, 80, 150, and 200 nm during the wintertime in Nanjing. Both the GF-derived hygroscopicity parameter (κ) and ALWC increased with particle size, but displayed differing diurnal variations, with κ peaking around the midday, while ALWC peaking in the early morning.

Functionalized iminodiacetic acid pectin/montmorillonite hydrogel for enhanced adsorption of 4-nitrophenol from simulated water: An integrated approach of response surface optimization and non-linear modeling.

This research focuses on the modification of pectin through an amination reaction, followed by the development of a novel iminodiacetic acid-functionalized pectin/montmorillonite hydrogel nanocomposite (IMAP/MMT) using gamma radiation. This composite was investigated as an adsorbent for 4-nitrophenol removal from aqueous solutions. Central composite design was utilized for numerical optimization, identifying the maximum adsorption capacity under optimal conditions [0.

Enhancing Hydrogen Evolution Reaction through the Improved Mass Transfer and Charge Transfer by Bimetal Nodes.

The high cost of hydrogen production by water electrolysis severely challenges its commercial application. It is highly desirable to develop efficient electrocatalysts and innovative electrolytic cells. Introducing additional metal nodes to form bimetallic metal-organic framework (MOF) is a simple, feasible strategy to overcome the poor electrocatalytic performance of single-metal MOF.