Understanding the mechanothermally superior nanotwinned copper: Fabrication procedure, mechanistic models and technological applications.

The rapid evolution of microelectronics requires materials that combine exceptional strength, ductility, and electrical conductivity for joining applications and durable lithium-ion battery anodes. Nanotwinned Cu (nt-Cu) surpasses conventional strengthening approaches, which often compromise ductility and conductivity, by using nanoscale twin boundaries to enhance both mechanical and electrical properties. This review examines the thermomechanical characteristics, fabrication methods, multiscale mechanistic insights, and technological applications of nt-Cu, bridging fundamental science with engineering practice.

Exploring the effect of Curdlan and xanthan on physicochemical properties and multiscale structure of rice starch during extrusion.

Hydrocolloids are utilized in starch-based foods for water-holding, thickening, and gelation, yet their molecular interactions with starch in extrusion systems remain underexplored; this study evaluates physicochemical and multiscale structural changes in extruded starch incorporating curdlan (CG) and xanthan (XG). Incorporation of CG and XG significantly counteracted the disruption of the multiscale structure of starch caused by the extrusion treatment, and increased the content of resistant starch. It reduced the content of rapidly digestible starch in extruded starch by 4.

Application of chitosan extracted from silkworm pupae by ultrasound-assisted enzymatic method on strawberry preservation.

As a naturally derived biomacromolecule, chitosan is widely utilized in food preservation. However, the chitosan derived from silkworm pupae and its application in food preservation are relatively unexplored. To obtain chitosan with enhanced preservation properties, silkworm pupae chitosan was extracted using dual-frequency ultrasound-assisted chemical and enzymatic methods, followed by a comparative analysis of their physicochemical properties, biological activity, and preservation efficacy on strawberries.

Durable Superhydrophobic Bilayer Coating for Carbon Steel with Integrated Corrosion Resistance and Anti-icing Performance.

To expand the application scope of carbon steel, imparting superhydrophobicity to its surface offers an effective strategy to overcome its inherently poor corrosion resistance. However, in marine environments, conventional superhydrophobic coatings often suffer from limited mechanical durability and inadequate long-term corrosion protection. In this study, a durable superhydrophobic bilayer coating composed of PDMS-MWCNTs (top layer) and PDMS (bottom layer) was developed to address these challenges.

BmeIF4E2 promotes AcMNPV infection in the silkworm, Bombyx mori, by direct interaction.

The molecular mechanism of baculovirus infection is the basis of baculovirus wide application. Identifying and elucidating the functional genes of virus replication is the focus of research. Eukaryotic initiation factor 4E (eIF4E) is a key component of the translation initiation process to synthesize proteins required for replication.

Partially water-level-fluctuating strategy enhances rural greywater treatment in vertical flow constructed wetlands.

Vertical flow constructed wetlands (VFCWs) represent a cost-effective and eco-friendly solution for sustainable wastewater management in rural areas. However, their limited capacity to tolerate influent fluctuations constrains their reliability in practical applications. This study aims to enhance the efficiency and reliability of rural greywater treatment by developing a new partially water-level-fluctuating strategy (PFCW) in VFCWs.

miR-6497-5p suppresses AcMNPV infection by targeting organic cation transport protein in silkworm, Bombyx mori.

Baculovirus is a multipurpose virus with a wide range of applications, such as protein expression, disease therapy, biocontrol, and so forth. It is of great significance to elucidate the mechanisms of their application as biopesticides, since insect resistance to viruses limits their application. Autographa californica nucleopolyhedrovirus (AcMNPV) is a representative species of α-baculovirus, and the silkworm is an ideal model organism for Lepidoptera.

Enhanced PCB defect detection via HSA-RTDETR on RT-DETR.

Common PCB (Printed Circuit Board) defects include missing holes, shorts, spurs, etc., which may lead to product performance degradation, malfunction or safety hazards. Within the framework of Smart Manufacturing and Industry 4.

Research on Physicochemical Properties and In Vitro Digestive Characteristics of High-Amylose Corn Starch-Ultrasound-Treated Waxy Rice Flour Blends.

This study aimed to investigate the effect of high-amylose corn starch (HACS) addition on the physicochemical properties and in vitro digestibility of an ultrasound-treated waxy rice flour (UWRF)-HACS blend system. As the proportion of HACS increased, the amylose content in the blends significantly increased ( < 0.05), while their water solubility index (WSI) and swelling power (SP) significantly decreased ( < 0.

Correlation of Midgut Microbiota and Metabolic Syndrome-Related Lipids in Hemolymph Between Obese and Lean Silkworm Strains.

Metabolic syndrome is a global health crisis. However, there are no effective therapeutic strategies for metabolic syndrome. Therefore, this study was conducted to find out a novel silkworm-based metabolic syndrome model that bridges microbial ecology and metabolic dysregulation by integrating hemolymph lipids and midgut microbiota.

Unfertilized and Washed Eri Silkworm Eggs as Superior Hosts for Mass Production of Parasitoids.

wasps are highly effective biological control agents, offering an environmentally sustainable solution for pest management through their parasitism of insect eggs. This study evaluates the parasitism performance of six species-, , , , , and -on five treatments of Eri silkworm (ES) eggs, a potential alternative to the large eggs of for mass rearing. The ES egg treatments included the following: manually extracted, unfertilized, and washed eggs (MUW); naturally laid, unfertilized, and washed eggs (NUW); naturally laid, unfertilized, and unwashed eggs (NUUW); naturally laid, fertilized, and washed eggs (NFW); and naturally laid, fertilized, and unwashed eggs (NFUW).

MvAl-MFP: A Multi-Label Classification Method on the Functions of Peptides with Multi-View Active Learning.

The rapid expansion of peptide libraries and the increasing functional diversity of peptides have highlighted the significance of predicting the multifunctional properties of peptides in bioinformatics research. Although supervised learning methods have made advancements, they typically necessitate substantial amounts of labeled data for yielding accurate prediction. This study presents MvAl-MFP, a multi-label active learning approach that incorporates multiple feature views of peptides.

A Novel Anti-BoNT/A Neutralizing Antibody Possessed Overlapped Epitope with SV2 and Had Prolonged Half-Life In Vivo.

The C-terminus of the BoNT/A heavy chain (BoNT/AHC) mediates binding to its receptor, SV2, a critical step for toxicity. Antibody inhibition of this interaction enhances neuronal survival. We previously identified a functional anti-BoNT/AHC nanobody, HM.

Extraction of xylo-oligosaccharides and carboxylated cellulose nanocrystals from corncob using stepwise treatment with ammonium persulfate.

An innovative two-step ammonium persulfate (APS) process for corncob was proposed, utilizing the acidity of APS to produce xylo-oligosaccharides (XOS) and its oxidizing capability to generate carboxylated cellulose nanocrystals (cCNCs). Treatment with 0.5 % APS at 150 °C for 90 min resulted in a maximum XOS yield of 40.

Effect of glycerol monostearate on the structure and digestibility of extruded debranched rice flour under extrusion.

Increasing amylose content in grain flours enhances its complexation with monoglycerides, leading to elevated resistant starch (RS) levels. This study investigated the effect of starch digestibility and structural characteristics in rice flour (RF) following primary pullulanase complex extrusion and secondary glycerol monostearate (MG) (2 %, 4 %, 6 %, and 8 %) complex extrusion. The EERF-MG exhibited a significant formation of V-type complexes with increased relative crystallinity compared to RF.

Dual-luminescent Sc(MoO):Dy/Eu phosphor system: energy transfer dynamics and high-sensitivity temperature sensing.

A series of Dy/Eu co-doped Sc(MoO) (SMO) phosphors were synthesized a conventional solid-state reaction. Phase purity and morphology were characterized by X-ray diffraction with Rietveld refinement and scanning electron microscopy, confirming the formation of phase-pure orthorhombic crystals. The electronic structure was investigated through density functional theory calculations combined with diffuse reflectance spectroscopy.

Synergistic Coupling of Interfacial Oxidation Sites and S-Scheme Heterojunction in CuWS@SnInS Core-Shell Nanocomposites Boosting CO Photoreduction Efficiency.

Photocatalytic CO reduction offers a dual solution to mitigate the energy crisis and reduce carbon emissions. In situ synthesis of the CuWS@SnInS (CWS@SIS) composite has established S-S bonds at the interface, which act as atomic-scale interfacial "bridges" to stabilize the heterojunction interface. SnInS nanosheets are uniformly dispersed on the CuWS surface, activating the (101) crystal plane of CuWS to consume photogenerated holes.

Trajectories and predictors of psychological recovery post zero-COVID among Chinese adolescents in disadvantaged regions.

With the end of the COVID-19 pandemic and the relaxation of social restrictions, it seems intuitive to expect significant reductions in learning difficulties and psychological distress among adolescents. However, their psychological recovery could be hindered by the increased stress arising from rapidly changing environments, particularly for those from less developed regions. A three-wave study focusing on Chinese adolescents (N = 962) from economically disadvantaged regions was conducted to examine their psychological distress and academic inefficacy changes before and after the relaxation of the Zero-COVID policy established in December 2022 as well as to identify predictors and mediators of the change trajectories across T1 (three months before the policy), T2 (three months after the policy), and T3 (six months after T2).

Proteomic characterization of host proteins interacting with wild-type and signal peptide-cleaved GP64 of Bombyx mori nucleopolyhedrovirus (BmNPV).

Bombyx mori nucleopolyhedrovirus (BmNPV) relies on the envelope glycoprotein GP64 to mediate host cell entry. Both the wild-type GP64 (retaining its signal peptide, SP) and the SP-cleaved variant (SPGP64) can mediate viral entry. However, their mechanisms may differ.

Correction: Dual roles of proteins in macrophage immune dynamics.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2025.

Nanoparticle-infused wound dressings: A novel alternative to injectable therapies for enhanced healing and drug delivery.

Chronic and acute wounds pose significant challenges in healthcare, often requiring prolonged treatment and frequent interventions. Traditional injectable drug therapies, while effective, have limitations such as systemic side effects, low patient compliance, and inefficient drug delivery to the wound site. Nanoparticle-infused wound dressings offer a promising alternative by providing localized, sustained drug release while enhancing the wound healing process.

Hierarchically porous CoMn-N-doped carbon nanotubes as efficient electrocatalyst for oxygen reduction reaction.

Considering the advantages of polypyrrole (PPy) tubes and Co/Mn-doped zeolitic imidazolate framework-8 (ZIF-8), CoMn nanoparticles are uniformly anchored onto N-doped carbon nanotube (NCNT) through pyrolyzing the CoMn-ZIF-8@PPy precursor, isolating the CoMn@NCNT catalyst. The hierarchical pore structure and high electron conductivity of NCNT collaboratively boost the mass/electron transport as well as reaction kinetics during the catalysis, meanwhile the as-generated Co/Mn-N species significantly facilitate the improvement of catalytic activity. The CoMn@NCNT catalyst shows a half-wave potential of 0.

University english teaching evaluation using artificial intelligence and data mining technology.

This work intends to drive reform and innovation in English teaching evaluation and support personalized English instruction. It utilizes deep learning (DL) and artificial intelligence (AI)-driven data mining technology to explore a reliable and efficient method for university English teaching evaluation. By employing DL, this work explores innovative English teaching models and introduces a Bayesian framework to enable personalized teaching strategies.

Gustatory receptors interact with the serotonin pathway to regulate silkmoth stereotyped courtship behavior.

Background: Gustatory receptors (GRs) are known to mediate responses to various chemical stimuli including sugars and bitter compounds and sex pheromones. Although numerous types of GRs have been identified across insect species, the physiological roles of most GRs remain largely unknown. The silkworm, Bombyx mori, is representative of the order Lepidoptera, which includes over 70% of agriculturally important pest species.