Structural, Vibrational, and Electronic Properties of Copper-Doped Silicon and Germanium Cation Clusters Cu (X = Si or Ge, = 6-16): A Density Functional Theory Study.

The incorporation of transitional elements into silicon or germanium-based semiconductor clusters not only notably improves their structural stability but also endows them with unprecedented multifunctionalities. In this work, the structural, vibrational, and electronic properties for copper-doped silicon and germanium cation clusters Cu (X = Si or Ge, = 6-16) are systematically investigated. The ground-state structures are identified using the PBE0 and mPW2PLYP method combined with a global search technique.

Environmental factors and microbial interactions drive microbial community succession during solid-state fermentation of corn husk for microbial biomass protein production.

Corn husk, a predominant byproduct derived from intensive corn processing, is characterized by high cellulose content, low protein content, and poor palatability, which makes it difficult to be fully utilized by ruminants. This investigation employed corn husk as substrate for microbial protein production through a two-stage open solid-state fermentation (SSF) system using and yeast strains. The fermentation process yielded a 65.

Hospital waste management in Germany and the European Union during the Industry 5.0 era for carbon neutrality by 2050: A critical review.

Hospital waste management (HWM) is critical to advancing environmental sustainability, particularly as Germany and the European Union (EU) pursue carbon neutrality by 2050. This review examines the potential of Industry 5.0 technologies to transform waste management through intelligent, human-centric systems.

Structural and Performance Studies of Lanthanum-Nitrogen Co-Doped Titanium Dioxide Thin Films Under UV Aging.

In this study, lanthanum-nitrogen co-doped titanium dioxide (La-N-TiO) thin films were fabricated using Ion Beam Assisted Deposition (IBAD) and subjected to accelerated ultraviolet (UV) aging experiments to systematically investigate the impact of co-doping on the films' resistance to UV aging. X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis revealed that La-N co-doping inhibits the phase transition from anatase to rutile, significantly enhancing the phase stability of the films. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and atomic force microscopy (AFM) characterizations indicated that co-doping increased the density and surface uniformity of the films, thereby delaying the expansion of cracks and increase in roughness induced by UV exposure.

Optimized NRBO-VMD-AM-BiLSTM Hybrid Architecture for Enhanced Dissolved Gas Concentration Prediction in Transformer Oil Soft Sensors.

Soft sensors have emerged as indispensable tools for predicting dissolved gas concentrations in transformer oil-critical indicators for fault diagnosis that defy direct measurement. Addressing the persistent challenge of prediction inaccuracy in existing methods, this study introduces a novel hybrid architecture integrating time-series decomposition, deep learning prediction, and signal reconstruction. Our approach initiates with variational mode decomposition (VMD) to disassemble original gas concentration sequences into stationary intrinsic mode functions (IMFs).

Provenance and Tectonic Controls in Eastern Junggar: Insights from Petrography and REE Geochemistry.

Rare earth elements (REEs) and trace elements, due to their relative stability during sedimentary processes, are effective geochemical proxies for sediment provenance. In the Dongdaohaizi Depression of the eastern Junggar Basin, the provenance of the Middle Jurassic Sangonghe Formation remains contentious. In this study, representative sandstone samples were systematically collected from all three members of the Sangonghe Formation in both the Dongdaohaizi Depression and its western margin.

Study on the Effect of Ultrasonic and Cold Plasma Non-Thermal Pretreatment Combined with Hot Air on the Drying Characteristics and Quality of Yams.

In this study, the effects of non-thermal pretreatment such as corona discharge plasma (CDP-21 kV), dielectric barrier discharge plasma (DBDP-32 kV), and ultrasonic waves of different powers (US-180 W, 210 W, 240 W) on hot-air drying of ferruginous yam were compared. The regulatory effects of ultrasonic and cold plasma pretreatment on the drying characteristics and quality of yam were systematically evaluated by determining the drying kinetic parameters, physicochemical indexes, volatile components, and energy consumption. The results showed that ultrasonic pretreatment significantly improved the drying performance of yam compared with different cold plasma treatments, with the highest drying rate and effective moisture diffusion coefficient in the US-180 W group.

Molecular Dynamics Simulation on Orientation-Dependent Mechanical Behaviors of ZnO Single Crystals Under Nanoindentation.

The present study aims to investigate the orientation-dependent mechanical behaviors of ZnO single crystals under nanoindentation by molecular dynamics simulation. The load-indentation depth curves, atomic displacement, shear strain and dislocations for the c-plane, m-plane and a-plane ZnO single crystals were analyzed in detail. The simulation results showed that the elastic deformation stage of the loading curves for the three oriented ZnO single crystals can be described well by the Herz elastic contact model.

Guided Bone Regeneration Membrane Materials Loaded with Chimeric Nanovesicles Promote Early Bone Defect Regeneration.

Early bone defect regeneration remains a major clinical challenge owing to a compromised osteogenic microenvironment characterized by insufficient mineralization and immature collagen deposition, which severely impede mechanical stability. Although conventional guided bone regeneration (GBR) membranes provide passive barrier functions, their lack of dynamic immune response regulation often leads to delayed ossification. To address this critical gap, a plasma-treated polycaprolactone (PT-PCL) electrospun nanofiber membrane functionalized with ultrasound sequentially extruded stromal vascular fraction chimeric vesicles (USE-SCNVs) is developed.

DFT Mechanism Study of Ligand-Controlled Ru-Catalyzed Selective Aerobic Oxidative Generation of Homocoupled Imines and Nitriles.

This study employs density functional theory to investigate the mechanisms underlying Ru-H-catalyzed aerobic amine oxidation, which results in the formation of homocoupled imines and nitriles, focusing on the effects of the ligands on the catalytic efficiency and selectivity. The energy span and catalytic turnover frequency across the catalytic cycle are analyzed, revealing that nitrile formation is energetically favored. For homocoupled imine formation, the two mechanistic pathways, i.

Tailoring metals, axial ligands, and carbon substrates in TMN-graphene for direct seawater electrolysis: A synergistic approach using density functional theory and machine learning algorithms.

Driven by the surging demand for sustainable energy production, direct seawater electrolysis for hydrogen generation has emerged as a pivotal research frontier. As a result, the design and optimization of highly stable, active, and selective oxygen-evolution-reaction (OER) catalysts has garnered considerable attention. In this study, by modifying the N-doped graphene substrates (S1-S3), introducing different axial ligands (X = Cl or OH), and tuning the transition metals (TM) at the active sites, we designed a total of 144 catalysts, consisting of 48 TMN-Sk and 96 TMN-Sk-X variants.

A Robust Capon Beamforming Algorithm with Desired Signal Steering Vector Correction.

The conventional Capon beamforming algorithm can achieve a high gain in the direction of desired signals and zero-trapping in the direction of interfering signals, providing a high output signal-to-interference-plus-noise ratio (SINR). However, when the steering vector of the desired signal is mismatched, the performance of the Capon beamforming algorithm degrades. In addressing this challenge, the present research introduces a refined algorithm.

Cost-Effective Magnetic LDHs for Simultaneous Sludge Dewatering and Phosphorus Recovery: A Scalable Approach for Municipal Wastewater Plants.

Phosphorus recovery from municipal sludge is essential to reduce environmental pollution and address the global phosphorus crisis. This study introduces a magnetic Fe/Mg/Zn-layered double hydroxide (LDH) composite for simultaneous phosphorus recovery and sludge dewatering from municipal wastewater. The synthesized composite exhibits a high phosphorus adsorption capacity of 25.

Facet Engineering and Fe─N─Co Bridged Heterojunction Enable FeO@C@ZIF67 as High-Performance Photocatalyst for Ammonia Synthesis.

Ammonia synthesis is vital for global fertilizer production but traditionally relies on the energy-intensive Haber-Bosch process, a major contributor to CO emissions. Photocatalytic nitrogen reduction reaction (PNRR) offers a sustainable alternative by harnessing solar energy under ambient conditions. However, challenges such as low nitrogen adsorption, poor conductivity, and high electron-hole recombination of the photocatalysts limit their efficiency.

WSDC-ViT: a novel transformer network for pneumonia image classification based on windows scalable attention and dynamic rectified linear unit convolutional modules.

Accurate differential diagnosis of pneumonia remains a challenging task, as different types of pneumonia require distinct treatment strategies. Early and precise diagnosis is crucial for minimizing the risk of misdiagnosis and for effectively guiding clinical decision-making and monitoring treatment response. This study proposes the WSDC-ViT network to enhance computer-aided pneumonia detection and alleviate the diagnostic workload for radiologists.

Influence and Optimization of Landscape Elements on Outdoor Thermal Comfort in University Plazas in Severely Cold Regions.

Universities in severely cold regions face the dual challenge of adapting to seasonal climate variations while enhancing outdoor thermal comfort in outdoor leisure plazas. This study takes a university in Hohhot as a case study. Through field investigations conducted in summer and winter, thermal benchmarks were established.

Damage Behaviour of Shot-Peened 7075 Aluminium Alloy Based on Temperature Evolution and Digital Image Correlation Methods.

The peening process plays a pivotal role in enhancing the properties of aluminium alloys across various industries, including aerospace, automotive, and construction. Among the critical factors influencing this process, the shot peening time is of paramount importance for studying material characteristics. In the present study, we undertook a comprehensive investigation into the mechanical properties, surface roughness, and damage evolution behaviour of 7075 aluminium alloy subjected to different shot peening durations.

Synergistic effects of bimetallic CuNi-ZrO catalysts in catalytic transfer hydrogenation of furfural.

Bimetallic synergy can competently optimize the electronic structure of active metals and coordinate interaction between metal components, which is a good strategy to effectively enhance the catalytic performance and stability of monometallic catalysts. Herein, we report a CuNi bimetallic catalyst supported on mesoporous zirconia prepared electrospinning technology, which can achieve high catalytic transfer hydrogenation (CTH) performance with excellent cycling stability. The bimetallic synergistic effect on CTH capacity was systematically investigated by precisely regulating the Cu/Ni molar ratio.

Enhancing oxygen adsorption via the synergistic catalysis of graphitic nitrogen carbon and antiperovskite ZnCNi in Zinc- Air batteries.

The key to the commercial available of Zinc Air batteries (ZABs) is to design and exploit the low-cost and high efficiency bifunctional oxygen electrocatalysts. Here, it is reported that a bifunctional electrocatalyst consisting of nitrogen-rich carbon nanotubes encapsulating antiperovskite ZnCNi nanoparticles grafted onto the surface of carbon nanofibers (ZnCNi-NCCF) for rechargeable ZABs. The electrocatalytic activity of ZnCNi-NCCF is promoted by the synergistic catalysis of graphitic nitrogen-doped carbon and antiperovskite ZnCNi.

Chloroxylenol causes cardiovascular toxicity and neurobehavioural abnormalities by inducing mitochondrial dysfunction and oxidative stress in zebrafish (Danio rerio).

Chloroxylenol (PCMX), a commonly used antibacterial agent, has been detected in diverse water environmental samples and living organisms, posing potential risks to ecosystems and human health. However, its potential impact on aquatic organisms remains poorly understood. In this study, we investigated the effects of PCMX on embryonic development, cardiovascular system, neurobehaviour, and the underlying mechanisms in zebrafish embryos exposed to concentrations of 0, 0.

A Data Reconstruction Method for Inspection Mode in GBSAR Monitoring Using Sage-Husa Adaptive Kalman Filtering and RTS Smoothing.

Ground-based synthetic aperture radar (GBSAR) has been widely used in the fields of early warning of geologic hazards and deformation monitoring of engineering structures due to its characteristics of high spatial resolution, zero spatial baseline, and short revisit period. However, in the continuous monitoring process of GBSAR, due to the sudden failure of radar equipment, such as power failure, or the influence of alternating work between multiple regions, it often leads to discontinuous data collection, and this problem caused by missing data is collectively called "inspection mode". The problem of missing data in the inspection mode not only destroys the spatial and temporal continuity of the data but also affects the accuracy of the subsequent deformation analysis.

Resource-Efficient Cotton Network: A Lightweight Deep Learning Framework for Cotton Disease and Pest Classification.

Cotton is the most widely cultivated natural fiber crop worldwide, yet it is highly susceptible to various diseases and pests that significantly compromise both yield and quality. To enable rapid and accurate diagnosis of cotton diseases and pests-thus supporting the development of effective control strategies and facilitating genetic breeding research-we propose a lightweight model, the Resource-efficient Cotton Network (RF-Cott-Net), alongside an open-source image dataset, CCDPHD-11, encompassing 11 disease categories. Built upon the MobileViTv2 backbone, RF-Cott-Net integrates an early exit mechanism and quantization-aware training (QAT) to enhance deployment efficiency without sacrificing accuracy.

Feasibility analysis of resource recovery from electronic waste and biomass through pyrolysis technology.

This study proposes a sustainable and environmentally friendly approach to converting electronic waste into valuable fuel products through pyrolysis, aiming to address global energy shortages as well as the challenges associated with managing electronic waste and biomass waste. The research employs Aspen Plus software to establish a simulation-based equilibrium model of the pyrolysis process, conducting co-pyrolysis and techno-economic analysis on printed circuit boards (PCB), corn stover (CS), rural household waste (RHW), and kitchen waste (KW). The research results indicate that when PCB is pyrolyzed separately, the proportion of pyrolysis products is greatly affected by temperature.

The impact of agricultural technological innovation on residents' health and its spatial effects.

In response to China's vigorous promotion of health and green, low-carbon development, agricultural technological innovation, as a crucial tool for advancing sustainable development, is essential in promoting residents' health. Based on data from 30 provinces in China from 2012 to 2022, this paper uses a two-way fixed effects model to examine the impact of agricultural technological innovation on residents' health. Further, it analyzes the underlying mechanisms through mediation effects and spatial autoregressive models.