HBV-encoded circRNA-5 promotes hepatocellular carcinoma progression by regulating the miR-9-3p/Hippo signaling axis.

Chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is regarded as one of the most serious infectious diseases and a significant global public health concern. Although the neonatal vaccine has been effective in impeding the transmission of HBV, tens of millions of HBV patients are still vulnerable to liver disease and even hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). In this research, we demonstrated that HBV-encoded circRNA, designated as HBV-circRNA-5, was involved in the tumorigenesis of HCC.

Association of the BRAFV600E mutation with morphology and heterogeneity in melanoma.

The BRAFV600E mutation test for melanoma patients has become the key to precision therapy.Comparing the concordance of immunohistochemistry (IHC), quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qPCR), and next-generation sequencing (NGS) in detecting the BRAFV600E mutation in a Chinese melanoma patient population. In addition, evaluating BRAFV600E mutation heterogeneity between primary and metastatic melanoma sites and within the same lesion, and investigating the association between BRAFV600E mutation status and tumor cell morphology.

Target volume delineation of the neck for radiotherapy in nasopharyngeal carcinoma: CSTRO, CACA, CSCO, HNCIG, ESTRO, and ASTRO guidelines and contouring atlas.

The Chinese Society for Therapeutic Radiology Oncology, the Chinese Anti-Cancer Association, the Chinese Society of Clinical Oncology, the Head and Neck Cancer International Group, the European Society for Radiotherapy and Oncology, and the American Society for Radiation Oncology collaboratively developed evidence-based guidelines and a comprehensive contouring atlas for neck target volume delineation in nasopharyngeal carcinoma. These guidelines address five key challenges in modern radiotherapy practice: margin design of clinical target volume; nodal target volume delineation after induction chemotherapy; delineation of equivocal nodes evident on imaging; low-risk clinical target volume delineation based on regional stepwise extension patterns; and modifications for anatomical boundaries of lymphatic areas. Developed through a rigorous systematic review and expert appraisal process by a panel of 50 international, multidisciplinary members from 17 countries and regions, these guidelines incorporate the latest advances in nasopharyngeal carcinoma diagnosis and treatment.

Primary target volume delineation for radiotherapy in nasopharyngeal carcinoma: CSTRO, CACA, CSCO, HNCIG, ESTRO, and ASTRO guidelines and contouring atlas.

The Chinese Society for Therapeutic Radiology Oncology, the Chinese Anti-Cancer Association, the Chinese Society of Clinical Oncology, Head and Neck Cancer International Group, the European Society for Radiotherapy and Oncology, and the American Society for Radiation Oncology jointly developed evidence-based guidelines and a contouring atlas for primary target volume delineation for radiotherapy in nasopharyngeal carcinoma. The guidelines systematically address three crucial challenges: margin design of clinical target volumes; target volume delineation after induction chemotherapy; and low-risk clinical target volume delineation based on local stepwise extension patterns. Based on a comprehensive systematic review and critical appraisal by an international multidisciplinary panel of 50 nasopharyngeal carcinoma specialists from 17 countries and regions, these guidelines are in keeping with advances in nasopharyngeal carcinoma diagnosis and treatment, embodying contemporary treatment concepts, and elaborating on the differences in practice.

Global Burden, Projection, and Inequalities Analysis of Cancer Attributable to Occupational Carcinogen Exposure in Individuals Aged Over 40 Years.

Background: In this study, we investigated the global burden, projection, and inequalities of cancer attributable to occupational carcinogen exposure in individuals aged over 40 years.

Methods: Using the Global Burden of Disease 2021 dataset, we examined age-standardized disability-adjusted life years (ASR-DALYs) and deaths associated with cancer attributable to occupational carcinogen exposure. Statistical analyses included: the estimated Annual Percentage Change to assess trends (1990-2021); Bayesian age-period-cohort modeling for projections to 2030 and 2050; decomposition analysis to quantify contributions of aging, population growth, and epidemiological changes; and slope and concentration indices (SII, CI) to evaluate health inequalities by sociodemographic index (SDI).

Comparative study of National Institute of Health criteria and TNM staging system in predicting the prognosis of gastrointestinal stromal tumours: a retrospective study.

Background: In 2009, the American Joint Commission on Cancer incorporated the gastrointestinal stromal tumours (GISTs) risk classification into the tumour, node, metastasis (TNM) staging system. We aimed to evaluate the prognostic value of the TNM staging system for GISTs by directly comparing it with the modified National Institutes of Health (NIH) criteria.

Materials And Methods: We /used data from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database (2010-2019) to retrospectively analyse patients with gastric and small intestinal/colorectal GISTs.

3D-Printed Extracellular Matrix-Mimicking Hydrogels Derived from Multiple Tissues for Integrated Construction of Complex Organs.

Due to the lack of suitable donors and concerns about immune rejection after transplantation, the demand for artificial organs among patients is increasing. Extracellular matrix-mimicking hydrogels provide excellent prospects for overcoming the limitations of current artificial organ construction methods. Here, a set of extracellular matrix-mimicking hydrogels derived from multiple animal tissues is described, which meets the regeneration needs of multiple tissues after xenotransplantation.

Spatial heterogeneity reveals an evolutionary signature predicting therapeutic response and clinical outcomes in hepatocellular carcinoma.

Introduction: Intra-tumoral heterogeneity is a prominent characteristic of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). However, it remains unexplored whether intra-tumoral transcriptomic differences can capture crucial information regarding HCC evolution and be utilized to derive a predictive signature for patient's clinical trajectories.

Methods: We quantified transcriptomic heterogeneity using four multiregional HCC cohorts comprising 172 samples from 37 patients, and validated transcriptomic heterogeneity and spatial dynamics using multiregional single-cell transcriptomic profiling of 110,817 cells from 34 liver specimens.

The effect of resistance training for older adults with cognitive frailty: a randomized controlled trial.

Background: Cognitive decline and the progression to dementia are hastened in individuals with cognitive frailty. Exercise interventions benefit cognitive function in patients with Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI) or frailty. While the optimal implementation of resistance training for cognitive frailty is still being explored.

Combined lifestyle habits, subjective well-being, and all-cause mortality among older adults in China.

Background: Although studies have demonstrated that both lifestyles and subjective well-being (SWB) are associated with mortality risk, the joint effects of a healthy lifestyle and SWB on the risk of mortality are unclear. This study aimed to explore the combined impact of lifestyles and SWB on total mortality among the older Chinese population.

Methods: Data were obtained from the Chinese Longitudinal Healthy Longevity Survey conducted from 2002 to 2018.

An attention-based mRNA transformer network for accurate prediction of melanoma response to immune checkpoint inhibitors.

Melanoma immunotherapy urgently requires approaches that can accurately predict drug responses to minimize unnecessary treatments. Deep learning models have emerged as powerful tools in this domain due to their robust predictive capabilities. Integrating functional characteristics with expression data from mRNA transcripts shows promise for enhancing prediction accuracy.

Erythrabyssin ll is identified as a late-stage autophagy inhibitor reversing chemoresistance and promoting apoptosis in ovarian cancer.

A growing body of research suggests that inhibition of autophagy may be a novel means of treating cancer and suppressing drug resistance. Therefore, a series of drugs derived from the Linn were screened in this study. Among them, the pterocarpan erythrabyssin II (EL-19) is a potent late-stage autophagy inhibitor, which could effectively block the fusion of autophagosome and lysosome, leading to the accumulation of autophagic substrates in both ovarian cancer A2780 and A2780/DDP cells.

Dosimetric and Clinical Effects of Polyethylene Glycol Gel in Radical Concurrent Chemoradiotherapy for Cervical Cancer: A Phase III Prospective Multicenter Randomized Controlled Trial.

Purpose: This study evaluated the safety and efficacy of PEG hydrogels in reducing rectal radiation dose and complication during cervical cancer radical concurrent chemoradiotherapy.

Methods And Design: This phase 3, randomized, parallel-controlled trial (NCT05690906) conducted across nine centers in China (July 2022-January 2025). Participants were randomized 1:1 to receive a 10 mL PEG hydrogel injection (experimental group) or no injection (control group) after 50.

Multiplex aggregation combining sample reweight composite network for pathology image segmentation.

In digital pathology, nuclei segmentation is a critical task for pathological image analysis, holding significant importance for diagnosis and research. However, challenges such as blurred boundaries between nuclei and background regions, domain shifts between pathological images, and uneven distribution of nuclei pose significant obstacles to segmentation tasks. To address these issues, we propose an innovative Causal inference inspired Diversified aggregation convolution Network named CDNet, which integrates a Diversified Aggregation Convolution (DAC), a Causal Inference Module (CIM) based on causal discovery principles, and a comprehensive loss function.

MRI and F-BPA PET-guided targeting in boron neutron capture therapy.

In modern Boron neutron capture therapy (BNCT) treatment planning, F-BPA (F-boronophenylalanine) PET (positron emission tomography) imaging is used to assess boron uptake and guide accurate dose delivery. This study evaluates the geometric and dosimetric differences between target volumes defined by MRI (magnetic resonance imaging) and PET images in accelerator-based BNCT using the NeuPex system. The GTV (gross tumor volume) was defined based on MRI (GTV) and PET images with SUV thresholds of 2.

Magnesium Isoglycyrrhizinate Combined With Steroid Is Superior to Steroid Monotherapy in Checkpoint Inhibitor-Induced Liver Injury.

Background And Aims: Steroids are the standard treatment for checkpoint inhibitor-induced liver injury (ChILI). However, concerns about their adverse effects and impacts on long-term outcomes highlight the need for alternative therapies. This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of magnesium isoglycyrrhizinate (MgIG) in combination with steroids in ChILI.

Prognostic implications of EBER and EBV DNA combinations in nasopharyngeal carcinoma in endemic areas.

Background: Epstein-Barr virus-encoded small RNA (EBER) in situ hybridization is the primary biomarker assay employed to infer Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) involvement in nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC). However, discordance between EBER status and EBV DNA detection has been observed in certain NPC patients. This study aims to investigate the prognostic significance of EBER and EBV DNA status.

Evaluation of Ki-67 expression levels in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma using dual-energy CT quantitative parameters.

Aim: This study investigates the use of dual-energy computed tomography (DECT) quantitative parameters to assess Ki-67 expression levels in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC).

Methods: A total of 57 ESCC patients who underwent dual-phase DECT scans were included. Key parameters measured were iodine concentration (IC), water concentration (WC), normalized iodine concentration (NIC), spectral Hounsfield unit curve slope (λHu), and effective atomic number (Zeff).

Application of a proven treatment planning system for accelerator-based boron neutron capture therapy.

This study introduces NeuMANTA (Multifunctional Arithmetic for Neutron Transportation Analysis), a dedicated treatment planning system (TPS) developed for accelerator-based boron neutron capture therapy (AB-BNCT). NeuMANTA integrates Monte Carlo-based dose calculation with modular workflow management to enable full-cycle support from imaging to post-treatment verification. Powered by the BNCT-specific COMPASS (COMpact PArticle Simulation System) engine, the system achieves dosimetric accuracy comparable to MCNP while reducing computation time by 2.

Correction: Analysis of prognostic factors and nomogram construction for postoperative survival of triple-negative breast cancer.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2025.

Clinical study of Tc-Rituximab combined with dyes double tracing for axillary sentinel lymph node biopsy after neoadjuvant chemotherapy for breast cancer.

Background And Objective: Whether sentinel lymph node biopsy (SLNB) after neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) for breast cancer is an alternative to axillary lymph node dissection (ALND) remains controversial. In this study, the results of SLNB performed with Tc-Rituximab combined with dyes were analyzed, and the application value of the double-tracing method of Tc-Rituximab combined with dyes in SLNB after breast cancer NAC was evaluated, the feasibility of SLNB after NAC and the clinical application of the novel tracer Tc-Rituximab and its value in internal mammary lymph node(IMLN) was discussed.

Methods: A retrospective analysis of 106 breast cancer patients who underwent post-NAC SLNB from August 2019 to August 2023 at Fujian Provincial Hospital, where SLNB was performed using Tc-Rituximab combined with dye imaging or dye imaging alone.

Burden of laryngeal cancer attributable to occupational asbestos exposure in China: A comprehensive analysis from 1990 to 2021.

Background: Laryngeal cancer attributable to occupational asbestos exposure remains a significant public health concern, particularly in industrialized regions. This study analyzes the burden, trends, and contributing factors of laryngeal cancer due to asbestos exposure in China from 1990 to 2021.

Methods: Data were obtained from the Global Burden of Disease Study (1990-2021).

Intensive care unit outcomes and prognostic factors of esophageal cancer: A cross-sectional study in Chinese cancer-specialized hospitals.

Background: Esophageal cancer patients had the highest intensive care unit (ICU) admitted rate in cancer patients. But their prognosis and evaluation methods were rarely studied.

Aim: To depict the short-term mortality outcome and identify the potential prognostic factors of esophageal cancer patients admitted into ICU.

Trastuzumab deruxtecan in patients from China with previously treated human epidermal growth factor receptor 2-positive locally advanced/metastatic gastric or gastroesophageal junction adenocarcinoma (DESTINY-Gastric06): results from a single-arm, multicenter, phase 2 trial.

Background: Trastuzumab deruxtecan (T-DXd; 6·4 mg/kg) is approved for metastatic human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2)-positive (HER2+) gastric or gastroesophageal junction (GEJ) adenocarcinoma after a trastuzumab-based regimen. We report the final analysis of DESTINY-Gastric06, evaluating T-DXd in pretreated patients from China with advanced HER2+ gastric cancers (GC).

Methods: The single-arm, multicenter, phase 2 DESTINY-Gastric06 trial (NCT04989816) enrolled patients from China with HER2+ (immunohistochemistry [IHC] 3+ or IHC 2+; locally documented) advanced gastric or GEJ adenocarcinoma with two or more prior treatments.