Molecular characterization of the medaka (Oryzias latipes) Hsp90ab1.

Nervous necrosis virus (NNV) can infect many species of fish and has caused severe economic losses to the aquaculture industry worldwide. Recently, there is a wealth of research indicating that heat shock protein 90ab1 (Hsp90ab1) is a receptor for red-spotted grouper nervous necrosis virus (RGNNV), however the potential function has not been examined so far. In this study, medaka (Oryzias latipes) hsp90ab1 gene (OlHsp90ab1) was identified, which contained 13 exons with a genome length of 5191 bp and coding sequences of 2175 bp.

CqStathmin negatively regulates white spot syndrome virus infection by destabilizing microtubules in Cherax quadricarinatus.

Stathmin is a microtubule-destabilizing protein that disrupts microtubule dynamics by promoting the depolymerization of microtubules or preventing the polymerization of tubulin heterodimers, thereby performing various cellular functions. In this study, a CqStathmin in the invertebrate crayfish was found to be involved in the infection of white spot syndrome virus (WSSV), a DNA virus susceptible to shrimp. The CqStathmin was identified from the red claw crayfish Cherax quadricarinatus, sharing the conserved domain and phylogenetic relationship with stathmin homologs of other species.

Continuous cell lines from kidney and spleen of Japanese eel, Anguilla japonica, with capacity for antiviral immune response.

In this study, two stable cell lines were established from the kidney (AJK) and spleen (AJSP) tissues of Japanese eel (Anguilla japonica) using the tissue explant method, with the aim of supporting immunological research in this species. Following isolation, AJK and AJSP cells were cultured in DMEM/F-12 medium supplemented with 20 % fetal bovine serum (FBS) at 28 °C, with passaging every 3-4 days. After the fifth passage, the cells were maintained in DMEM/F-12 containing 15 % FBS for passage culture.

A mini-review on cathelicidin in fish: Gene expression, immune function, and evolutionary insights.

Cathelicidins are a family of cationic antimicrobial peptides that play a critical role in innate immune defense. Like other antimicrobial peptides, cathelicidins can effectively kill pathogens while minimizing the risk of promoting antimicrobial resistance, a growing concern in the aquaculture. Although cathelicidins are widely distributed across vertebrates, from basal vertebrate species such as hagfish and lampreys to mammals, the number of identified cathelicidin sequences in fish remains relatively limited.

Genome-based screening and immunogenicity evaluation of outer membrane protein antigens for Vibrio harveyi subunit vaccine in pearl gentian grouper (Epinephelus lanceolatus × Epinephelus fuscoguttatus).

Vibrio harveyi, a major aquatic pathogen prevalent in tropical and subtropical waters, causes substantial economic losses in global mariculture. This study focused on developing subunit vaccines targeting the outer membrane proteins of a new highly virulent strain of V. harveyi, which are recognized as key protective antigens.

Myd88 functions as a negative regulator of IRF11-mediated IFN production in teleosts.

MyD88 is an intracellular adaptor protein that mediates signals from many TLRs and IL-1/IL-18 receptors to downstream kinases, by recruiting transcription factors, such as IFN regulatory factor (IRF) family members, to evoke the activation of a series of target genes. Recent studies imply a role of MyD88 in the regulation of type IFN signaling through MyD88-IRF interaction in teleosts. In this study, we explore the mechanistic role of MyD88 on IFN production mediated by IRF11, a fish-specific positive regulator in this pathway.

Full-length transcriptome analysis of male and female gonads in Japanese Eel (Anguilla japonica).

Background: The Japanese eel (Anguilla japonica) holds significant economic value in East Asia, but limitations in understanding its reproductive biology have hindered advancements in artificial breeding techniques. Previous research has primarily focused on conserved sex differentiation genes, offering limited insights into the broader molecular mechanisms driving gonadal development and sexual dimorphism. To address these limitations, this study aims to investigate key genes and pathways involved in gonadal development through a comprehensive transcriptomic analysis of male and female eel gonads.

Microspectrometer-Enabled Real-Time Concentration Monitoring in the Microfluidic Protein Enrichment Chip.

This study presents a novel microspectrometer-integrated microfluidic system for real-time protein concentration monitoring. The device employs electrokinetic principles for efficient protein preconcentration in a PDMS and Nafion film channel. Using FITC-labeled BSA as a model protein, the system demonstrated a linear correlation between protein concentration and absorbance at 491 nm.

Physicochemical characterization and digestibility of resistant starch from corn starch sugar residue.

This study sought to investigate the thermal stability and digestibility of corn starch sugar residue resistant starch (CSSR-RS) through comparative analysis of the physicochemical properties and structural characteristics among CSSR-RS, high-amylose corn starch (HS), and normal corn starch (NS). CSSR-RS contained 51.76 % resistant starch (RS), with 42.

Genomic Analysis and Functional Validation of Bidirectional Promoters in Medaka ().

Bidirectional promoters (BDPs) regulate the transcription of two adjacent, oppositely oriented genes, offering a compact structure with significant potential for multigene expression systems. Although BDPs are evolutionarily conserved, their regulatory roles and sequence characteristics vary across species, with limited studies in fish. Here, we systematically analyzed the distribution, sequence features, and expression patterns of BDPs in the medaka () genome.

FADD cooperates with Caspase-8 to positively regulate the innate immune response and promote apoptosis following bacterial infection in Japanese eel.

Fas-associated protein with Death Domain (FADD) is a crucial signaling component of apoptosis and a vital immunomodulator on inflammatory signaling pathways. However, information on FADD-mediated apoptosis and immune regulation is limited in teleost. We herein cloned a FADD homolog, AjFADD, from Japanese eel (Anguilla japonica).

Efficient genome editing in medaka () using a codon-optimized SaCas9 system.

The clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR)/CRISPR-associated protein 9 (Cas9) system, belonging to the type II CRISPR/Cas system, is an effective gene-editing tool widely used in different organisms, but the size of Cas9 (SpCas9) is quite large (4.3 kb), which is not convenient for vector delivery. In this study, we used a codon-optimized Cas9 (SaCas9) system to edit the tyrosinase (, oculocutaneous albinism II (), and paired box 6.

High internal-phase Pickering emulsions constructed using myofibrillar proteins from large yellow croaker: Effect of glycerol.

Exploring the emulsification of myofibrillar protein (MP) from large yellow croaker (Larimichthys crocea) could meet the demand for high-value development and utilization of fish proteins. Therefore, MPs as the emulsifier to form stable high internal-phase Pickering emulsions (HIPPEs) with the addition of glycerol and the effects of different glycerol addition ratios of HIPPEs were investigated. HIPPEs could be constructed by MPs with the glycerol addition at a ratio of 15 %-30 % (v/v) compared to those without the addition of glycerol.

Effects of Dietary Inclusion of Enzymatically Hydrolyzed Compound Soy Protein on the Growth Performance and Intestinal Health of Juvenile American Eels ().

The enzymatic hydrolysis of soybeans could enhance their application as an ingredient and alternative to fishmeal in aquafeeds. Here, a 10-week feeding trial was conducted to evaluate the impacts of different dietary inclusion levels of enzymatically hydrolyzed compound soy protein (EHCS) on the growth performance and intestinal health of juvenile American eels (). Five experimental diets were formulated with graded EHCS inclusion levels at 0% (EHCS0), 8% (EHCS8), 16% (EHCS16), 24% (EHCS24), and 32% (EHCS32).

SOCS6, an inhibitory factor in Japanese eel inhibits the type I IFN pathway and the MyD88-mediated NF-kB pathway.

SOCS family genes are a class of repressors in various signaling pathways of mammals involved in regulating immunity, growth, and development, but the information remains limited in teleost. The full-length cDNA sequence of the Japanese eel SOCS6 gene, named AjSOCS6, was first cloned and showed to encode 529 amino acids with a conserved SH2 structural domain and a typical structure of a C-terminal SOCS box. AjSOCS6 is evolutionarily close to that of rainbow trout and zebrafish.

The Sec pathway gene yidC regulates the virulence of mesophilic Aeromonassalmonicida.

Aeromonas salmonicida is a common pathogenic bacterial species found in both freshwater and marine fish, leading to significant economic losses in the aquaculture industry. YidC is an accessory to SecYEG and is essential for the SecYEG transporter to insert into the bacterial membrane. However, the roles of the yidC gene on the host immune response remain unclear.

Medaka () Is Involved in Male Fertility.

Research across various species has demonstrated that the doublesex and mab-3-related transcription factor 3 () plays pivotal roles in testis development. However, the precise molecular mechanisms of remain unclear. In this study, we investigated the role of () in testis development using the model organism medaka ().

Biologic and genomic characterization of a novel virulent phage phiA051, with high homology to prophages.

Introduction: is particularly harmful to freshwater aquaculture, and the search for phage is an effective biological control method, but reports of possible temperate phages and their mutants are rare in this field. In this study, a virulent phage highly homologous to prophage in the genomes of was collected and preliminary biological characterization was carried out to understand its nature.

Materials And Methods: Water samples taken from eel ponds in Fujian, China were combined with the strain.

The Chinese medaka (Oryzias sinensis) dmrt1 gene converts females to males in medaka (Oryzias latipes).

Background: Chinese medaka (Oryzias sinensis) is widely distributed in freshwater rivers in China. Similar to the medaka (Oryzias latipes), Chinese medaka has the characteristics of small size, rapid reproductive cycle, and strong adaptability, which makes it suitable as a model organism for studies in basic biology and environmental toxicology. Chinese medaka exhibits distinct sexual dimorphism.

Role of Medaka () in Resistance to Nervous Necrosis Virus Infection.

Upon encountering a virus, fish initiate an innate immune response, guided by IFNs. Foxo3 plays a part in the body's immune response; however, its specific role in the IFN-guided immune response in fish is yet to be clarified. In this study, we characterized in Japanese medaka () and examined its role in the IFN-dependent immune response upon infection with the RGNNV.

Commensal Bacillus pumilus SE5-Derived Peptidoglycan and Lipoteichoic Acid Showed Synergistic Effects in Improving Growth, Immunity, and Intestinal Health of Grouper (Epinephelus coioides).

Commensal-derived peptidoglycan (PG) or lipoteichoic acid (LTA) can improve the growth, immunity, and intestinal health of fish, but it is not clear whether the two components have synergistic effects. To clarify this, grouper (Epinephelus coioides) was fed basal diet (CG) or diets containing 1.0 × 10 CFU/g heat-inactivated SE5 (HIB), PG (21.

Japanese medaka (Oryzias latipes) Nectin4 plays an important role against red spotted grouper nervous necrosis virus infection.

Nectins are adhesion molecules that play a crucial role in the organization of epithelial and endothelial junctions and function as receptors for the entry of herpes simplex virus. However, the role of Nectin4 remains poorly understood in fish. In this study, nectin4 gene was cloned from medaka (OlNectin4).

LTA and PGN from Bacillus siamensis can alleviate soybean meal-induced enteritis and microbiota dysbiosis in Lateolabrax maculatus.

An eight-week feeding trial was designed to assess which component of commensal Bacillus siamensis LF4 can mitigate SBM-induced enteritis and microbiota dysbiosis in spotted seabass (Lateolabrax maculatus) based on TLRs-MAPKs/NF-кB signaling pathways. Fish continuously fed low SBM (containing 16 % SBM) and high SBM (containing 40 % SBM) diets were used as positive (FM group) and negative (SBM group) control, respectively. After feeding high SBM diet for 28 days, fish were supplemented with B.