Synergies between radiotherapy and immunotherapy: a systematic review from mechanism to clinical application.

The combination of radiation therapy (radiotherapy) with immunotherapy is changing the landscape of cancer treatment. Radiation damage tumor cell DNA through high-energy rays directly causes cell death or growth arrest; Immunotherapy works by boosting a patient's own immune system's ability to recognize and destroy cancer cells. The combination of the two not only enhances the local control of the tumor, but may also activate the systemic anti-tumor immune response, transforming the "cold" tumor into a "hot" tumor, thereby improving the survival rate and quality of life of patients.

Breast Cancer Diagnosis Using a Dual-Modality Complementary Deep Learning Network With Integrated Attention Mechanism Fusion of B-Mode Ultrasound and Shear Wave Elastography.

Objective: To develop and evaluate a Dual-modality Complementary Feature Attention Network (DCFAN) that integrates spatial and stiffness information from B-mode ultrasound and shear wave elastography (SWE) for improved breast tumor classification and axillary lymph node (ALN) metastasis prediction.

Methods: A total of 387 paired B-mode and SWE images from 218 patients were retrospectively analyzed. The proposed DCFAN incorporates attention mechanisms to effectively fuse structural features from B-mode ultrasound with stiffness features from SWE.

Feammox in wastewater treatment: Mechanisms, synergistic interactions and future engineering applications.

Ferric ammonium oxidation (Feammox) has been found to play a non-negligible role in nitrogen loss in nature and artificial reactors, demonstrating a potential alternative pathway for nitrogen removal. Through the comparative analysis among Feammox, nitrification-denitrification, and anaerobic ammonium oxidation, this review systematically elucidates the mechanism, nitrogen removal efficiency, influencing factors of Feammox and its synergistic interactions with traditional other biological nitrogen removal pathways. Besides, the contribution of Feammox to nitrogen loss in natural environments, and the performance, enhancement measures in artificial reactors are summarized.

The 4b-active-site ternary medium-entropy Prussian blue analogs with multiple redox centers enhance the "sp-mixing" effect boosting a new mechanism of interfacial passivation in high voltage aqueous magnesium-ion batteries.

The aqueous rechargeable magnesium ion batteries (ARMBs) are considered as one of the promising alternatives for the lithium organic batteries (Libs). However, the strong Coulombic repulsion brought by divalent alkaline earth metal ions (Mg) poses a new challenge to the stability of electrode materials. We present for the first time the introduction of a ternary medium-entropy effect (Fe, Mn and Co) at the 4b-active-site of the high spin (HS) of the Prussian blue analog (named KMEHCF) to enhance the "sp-mixing" effect of its cyanogen structure.

Influence of roof cutting depth on stability of gob side entry in thick coal seams with a bulky limestone roof.

For the gob-side entry retained by roof cutting, the roof pre-splitting depth is directly related to its stability, especially under the condition of fully mechanized mining in 4.5 m thick coal seam underneath 13.7 m thick limestone roof.

Saturated Alcohols Electrocatalytic Oxidations on Ni-Co Bimetal Oxide Featuring Balanced B- and L-Acidic Active Sites.

Investigating structural and hydroxyl group effects in electrooxidation of alcohols to value-added products by solid-acid electrocatalysts is essential for upgrading biomass alcohols. Herein, we report efficient electrocatalytic oxidations of saturated alcohols (C-C) to selectively form formate using NiCo hydroxide (NiCo-OH) derived NiCoO solid-acid electrocatalysts with balanced Lewis acid (LASs) and Brønsted acid sites (BASs). Thermal treatment transforms BASs-rich (89.

Synergistic Entropy-Rich Alloy Effect and Metal-Support Interaction Fine-Tune the Electronic Structure for Augmented Oxygen Evolution Electrocatalysis.

Developing multicomponent materials with high activity and establishing the precise regulation tactics of electronic structures at active sites, as well as their underlying mechanism of catalytic activity, are of great significance for oxygen evolution reaction (OER) electrocatalysis. In this study, we utilize the NaCl-templated assisted pyrolysis tactics to prepare a quinary NiCoFeMoZn catalyst, one heterostructure formed between a Zn-doped NiCoFe alloy and MoC-based phases within a carbon sponge. This smart design enables an effective dual-mode electronic structure fine-tuning strategy, incorporating entropy-induced modulation and metal-support interactions to precisely regulate the electronic structure of Ni active sites and enhance electrocatalytic activity.

Degradable Polyketone Thermoplastic Elastomers with Biomass Sourced Composition.

Polyolefin elastomers (POEs) serve as versatile materials bridging rubber and plastic properties across a variety of industrial processes, but their environmental persistence stemming from inert hydrocarbon composition raises ecological concerns. Here, we present a sustainable synthesis of degradable thermoplastic elastomers (TPEs) through the carbonylative polymerization of ethylene and biomass-derived polar monomers (PMs). A cost-effective and scalable nickel catalyst has overcome the dual poison to metal center resulted from polar acid or ester motif and CO, enabling the synthesis of high-molecular-weight polyketone materials with moderate strain recovery (SR) values ranging from 27% to 61%.

FAP deficiency attenuates T2DM-associated HFpEF by suppressing the CaMKIIδ-Calcineurin A-NFATc2 signaling pathway.

Heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) represents the initial phase of cardiac dysfunction associated with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). To date, the pathophysiological mechanisms underlying T2DM-induced HFpEF are complex and elusive. Fibroblast activation protein (FAP) is a prolyl-specific serine protease that its inhibition or vaccination has been shown to enhance cardiac repair following myocardial infarction (MI).

Microchannel-confined droplet-based electricity generator for biomechanical energy conversion and sensing.

Triboelectric nanogenerators (TENGs) are positioned as a critical sustainable power solution for harvesting low-frequency mechanical energy or sensing. Although solid-solid contact-based TENGs can provide sustainable power to diminish external battery reliance and enhance portability and operational longevity, suboptimal energy output at low-frequency excitation, irreversible material damage under long-term operation and inadequate energy supply remain a challenge. Solid-liquid contact-based TENGs present an alternative approach, but rigid and bulky configurations hinder their integration toward wearable devices and the development of real applications.

[Effects of resistance combined with aerobic chrono-exercise on common carotid artery elasticity and hemodynamics in young men].

The purpose of the present study was to investigate the effects of resistance combined with aerobic chrono-exercise on the common carotid artery elasticity and hemodynamics. 24 healthy young men (21.96±0.

MnO/Pt Oxide-on-Metal Inverse Catalyst Facilitates Hydrogen Spillover for CO Hydrogenation Reaction.

Hydrogen spillover, the migration of metal-activated hydrogen species across support surfaces, is key for many H-related reactions. However, questions remain about how the metal/oxide interfaces affect hydrogen spillover and hydrogenation reaction. Here, we construct MnO-on-Pt(111) (MnO/Pt(111)) inverse catalyst and Pt clusters-on-MnO (Pt/MnO) catalyst, and image hydrogen spillover behavior using high-pressure scanning tunneling microscopy.

Chloride-induced electron enrichment strategy: Stabilization mechanism and efficacy of calcium/magnesium modified biochar against chromium contamination in soil.

The chromium (Cr) pollution in the soil poses serious ecological risks because hexavalent chromium (Cr) has high mobility and carcinogenicity, and its main source is the oxidation of the unstable form of trivalent chromium (Cr) in the soil. Traditional metal oxide-modified biochar has limited ability to passivate trivalent chromium (Cr) due to its low surface electron density. To address this issue, we propose a chlorine ion-induced electron enrichment strategy, taking advantage of the strong electrophilicity of chlorine ions (Cl).

Wide temperature range adaptable electric field driven binder for advanced lithium-sulfur batteries.

Stable operation over wide temperature ranges is still a great challenge for lithium-sulfur batteries facing actual operating environments. Electrocatalysis is an effective strategy to address the sluggish reaction kinetics of lithium polysulfides at low temperatures and exacerbated shuttling effect at high temperatures; however, its practicality is still restricted by the structural stability of the support electrodes. In this work, a binder with wide temperature range adaptability is designed with a structure-modulated stable electrocatalytic mechanism, which can achieve effective adsorption and accelerated conversion of lithium polysulfides, and high-temperature self-repair and low-temperature internal support of electrodes.

CAR-T cell therapy in china: innovations, challenges, and strategic pathways.

Cancer immunotherapy has transformed oncology, with CAR-T cell therapy emerging as a cornerstone of personalized treatment for hematologic malignancies. In China, rapid advancements in domestically developed CAR-T therapies have achieved clinical outcomes comparable to global benchmarks, with overall response rates (ORR) of 79-89% in B-cell malignancies and 64% 12-month progression-free survival in multiple myeloma. Despite these successes, CAR-T application in solid tumors remains hindered by antigen heterogeneity, immunosuppressive microenvironments, and on-target/off-tumor toxicity.

A small set of critical hyper-motifs governs heterogeneous flow-weighted network resilience.

Flow-weighted networks are widespread in real-world systems, capturing the essence of flow interactions among various entities. Examples are food webs, social networks, transportation systems, and financial transactions. These networks are vulnerable to degradation when subjected to disturbances, often triggering cascading failures that severely impact their functionality.

Endovascular Therapy Versus Medical Management for Large Ischemic Infarct: 1-Year Outcomes of the ANGEL-ASPECT Trial.

Background: Several trials have shown the benefit and safety of endovascular therapy (EVT) compared with medical management (MM) of patients with a large ischemic core in the 90-day follow-up. However, the 1-year outcome comparison between EVT and MM in Asian patients with a large ischemic core has not been investigated. Our aim was to evaluate the 1-year outcomes of patients in the ANGEL-ASPECT trial (Endovascular Therapy in Acute Anterior Circulation Large Vessel Occlusive Patients with a Large Infarct Core).

High-Strength, Thermally Stable Phthalazinone-Containing Bismaleimide Composites Engineered for Electronic Packaging Substrates.

To address the escalating demands imposed by artificial intelligence computations, advanced electronic packaging technologies have increasingly emphasized miniaturization, high integration, and superior stability. Nonetheless, such advancements frequently encounter challenges such as severe heat accumulation, inadequate rigidity, and electrical signal interference. Consequently, there is an urgent need for packaging materials that possess exceptional thermal resistance, elevated flexural modulus, and superior dielectric attributes to satisfy these stringent application criteria.

Volcano-Shaped Relationship Between Interfacial K-HO Ratio and CO Reduction Activity in Tandem Electrocatalysts.

Modulating surface-active hydrogen (*H) supply represents a critical strategy to boost the electrocatalytic CO reduction reaction (ECRR), yet the mechanistic interplay between *H dynamics and catalytic behavior remains ambiguous. Herein, we construct tandem catalysts (M/NiNC, M = Fe, Co, Cu, or Mn) by coupling tetranuclear metal clusters (M) with single-atom Ni sites on N-doped carbon (NiNC) to regulate *H supply. Experimental and theoretical results reveal that the *H supply is governed by both thermodynamics and kinetic factors.

Machine learning models integrating intracranial artery calcification to predict outcomes of mechanical thrombectomy.

Objective: To investigate whether intracranial artery calcification (IAC) serves as a reliable imaging predictor of mechanical thrombectomy (MT) outcomes and to develop robust machine learning (ML) models incorporating preoperative emergency data to predict outcomes in patients with acute ischemic stroke (AIS).

Methods: This retrospective study included patients with AIS and anterior circulation occlusion who underwent MT at the Second Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University and the Central Hospital Affiliated to Dalian University of Technology between January 2017 and December 2024. Patients were categorized into favorable [modified Rankin Scale (mRS) 0-2] and poor outcome (mRS 3-6) groups based on their 90-day functional independence.

Nitrogen Dopant Induced Highly Selective and Durable CO Electroreduction into Formate on the InO Surface.

The inactive and unstable active sites limit the development of the electrochemical CO reduction reaction (CORR) under a large current density. Herein, nitrogen-doped InO was designed, which achieved a formate Faradaic efficiency (FE) of 97.6% with a formate partial current density () of 390.

Deciphering the enzymatic responses, composition, network complexity, and functional degraders of the marine sediment bacterial community in response to 2-methyl-4-isothiazoline-3-one exposure.

2-Methyl-4-isothiazoline-3-one (MIT) is a widely employed antimicrobial agent frequently detected in environments; however, current documentation regarding its impacts on microbial communities and biodegradation processes remains limited. Herein, marine sediment systems were established to investigate the MIT impacts under tiered concentrations (CK, 0 μg/L; LC, 5 μg/L; MC, 50 μg/L; HC 5 mg/L). The extracellular polymeric substance contents increased in the LC and MC groups, but not in the HC group, after one day of exposure.

Graph-based multi-modality network for axillary lymph node metastasis prediction in early-stage breast cancer.

Background And Objective: Accurate evaluation of the axillary lymph node (ALN) status in early-stage breast cancer is crucial for prognosis and guiding treatment decisions, while also preventing unnecessary surgeries and postoperative complications. Numerous methods have been proposed for ALN status classification using radiomic images which face the challenge of low diagnostic accuracy. This study aims to explore the potential of multi-modality that integrates clinical parameters and dynamic contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (DCE-MRI) to provide complementary information for image features, thereby enhancing the model's ability to predict ALN metastasis.

A biomimetic multifunctional dressing based on stratum corneum microstructure: integrating antibacterial barrier and breathability for enhanced wound healing.

The stratum corneum, which has a "brick-and-mortar" structure, serves as an impermeable barrier against pathogens while enabling gas and moisture exchange. Conventional wound dressings strive to reconcile these needs. They, often prioritize excessively porous structures, which compromise the barrier efficacy, or occlusive designs that hinder substance exchange.