Ribosomal protein L22 and ribosomal protein L32 respond to Bacillus velezensis 1 stress through interactions.

Fusarium crown rot (FCR) poses a threat to wheat yield and food safety because of the production of mycotoxins such as deoxynivalenol (DON), which has attracted significant attention in the fields of food science and agriculture. This study found that Bacillus velezensis 1 (BV1) exhibited inhibitory effects on the growth of Fusarium pseudograminearum, with an inhibition rate of 66.67 %.

Selective interaction of BmNPV Bm65 with host proteins before and after ultraviolet radiation.

Baculovirus biopesticides are highly susceptible to inactivation by ultraviolet (UV) radiation in sunlight. At present, the DNA repair mechanism in most baculoviruses after ultraviolet (UV) radiation is still unclear. Our previous research found that Bombyx mori nucleopolyhedrovirus Bm65 was a very important UV-specific endonuclease, and the knockout of Bm65 gene increased the sensitivity of BmNPV to UV radiation.

Synergistic disruption of detoxification, immunity, and neural pathways in honeybees following co-exposure to cyantraniliprole and difenoconazole.

The diamide insecticide cyantraniliprole (CYA) and the triazole fungicide difenoconazole (DIF) are frequently co-detected in bee-related matrices. However, the interactive effects of these compounds on honey bee (Apis mellifera L.) physiology remain insufficiently elucidated.

An Asp f2-like protein negatively affects stress tolerance, conidiation and virulence in Metarhizium acridum.

Metarhizium acridum is a typical filamentous fungus that has been widely used to control grasshoppers, locusts, and crickets. Genetic engineering is a common strategy to enhance its virulence, conidiation, and stress tolerance. Here, we report that the M.

Fitness costs and resistance mechanisms to indoxacarb in a near-isogenic strain of Spodoptera exigua (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae).

The beet armyworm, Spodoptera exigua has developed resistance to the commonly used insecticide indoxacarb. Understanding fitness costs and resistance mechanisms to indoxacarb in S. exigua is essential for developing effective field resistance management strategies.

First synergistic application of nanocarrier-loaded metaflumizone and parasitic wasps: A high-efficiency green pest control strategy.

The improper use of chemical pesticides threatens ecosystems and human health, highlighting the need for sustainable alternatives. Nano-pesticides and biological control agents offer a solution, and their combination can reduce pesticide usage and improve pest control efficacy. This study utilized a star polycation (SPc) to prepare a metaflumizone nano-pesticide and combined it with the egg parasitoid (Telenomus remus) for synergistic pest management.

Nlgalectin mediates insecticide susceptibility in Nilaparvata lugens via modulation of bacterial symbiont.

Galectins are a family of carbohydrate-binding proteins known to maintain intestinal microbiota homeostasis. Emerging evidence suggests that the bacterial symbiont plays a role in modulating insecticide resistance in insect. However, whether galectins influence insecticide susceptibility through microbiota regulation remains unclear.

Divergent roles of AaOS1 and AaOS2 in procymidone resistance and pathogenicity of Alternaria alternata from tobacco.

Tobacco brown spot disease (TBSD), is a severe leaf disease caused by Alternaria alternata, and its management heavily relies on dicarboximide fungicides. This study analyzed procymidone, a dicarboximide fungicide, resistance in 96 strains of A. alternata isolated from tobacco in Guizhou Province.

Quaternary ammonium cationic surfactants target Vfm quorum sensing to suppress the virulence of rice pathogen Dickeya oryzae.

The rice foot rot disease caused by Dickeya oryzae is an important bacterial disease that could cause tremendous economic losses. The virulence factor modulating cluster (Vfm) quorum sensing (QS) system, a major virulence regulatory mechanism conserved in the Dickeya genus, controls the production of zeamines and various extracellular cell wall degradation enzymes in D. oryzae.

Varroa destructor infestation amplifies imidacloprid vulnerability in Apis mellifera.

Honey bee health is affected by a variety of environmental factors, with Varroa destructor parasitism and pesticide exposure being important factors contributing to colony decline. In this study, we assessed the effects of V. destructor infestation in combination with imidacloprid exposure on honey bees.

Mortierella alpina bioinoculant potentiates native microbiota for soil borne disease suppression in Panax notoginseng cultivation.

Mortierella spp. is emerging as a potential biocontrol agent against soil borne diseases due to its antagonistic effects on pathogens and strong environmental adaptability. However, the mechanisms by which it restructures rhizosphere microbial communities to achieve sustained pathogen suppression remain largely unresolved.

Host-microbe synergy in pesticide resilience: Rhodococcus-driven fitness compensation in chlorpyrifos-stressed Binodoxys communis.

Chlorpyrifos (CPF), a widely used organophosphate insecticide in cotton cultivation for controlling Aphis gossypii, has Binodoxys communis as the primary parasitic natural enemy of A. gossypii. This study evaluated the impact of two sub-lethal CPF concentrations (LC10 and LC30) on key biological parameters across two generations, transcriptomic responses, and symbiotic bacterial communities in B.

Overexpression of G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) contributing to lambda-cyhalothrin resistance in Cydia pomonella.

G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) constitute a diverse and crucial family of membrane receptors, regulating a wide array of physiological processes. Although the involvement of GPCR signaling pathways in modulating key genes associated with insecticide resistance has been documented in various insect species, the molecular mechanisms underlying GPCR-mediated resistance in Cydia pomonella remain largely unknown. To elucidate the molecular basis of lambda-cyhalothrin (LCT) resistance in C.

Efficient degradation mechanism of fomesafen by earthworms and gut degrading bacteria synthetic community.

Fomesafen (FSA), a diphenyl ether herbicide, causes toxicity to non-target organisms and subsequent crops. Vermi-remediation is advocated as an effective remediation method, but there has been no research on the isolation and mechanism of FSA-degradation strains from earthworm gut. In this study, three ecotypes of earthworms- Eisenia foetida (epigeic), Metaphire guillelmi (anecic), and Aporrectodea caliginosa (endogenic), were used to investigate the degradation mechanism of FSA in soil-plant-earthworm systems for the first time.

The LIM domain protein LmFHL2 is required for nymph-adult metamorphosis of Locusta migratoria.

The four-and-a-half LIM domain protein 2 (FHL2) is a conserved transcriptional co-regulator critical for vertebrate development and metabolism, yet its roles in arthropods remain poorly understood. Here, we report the functional characterization of LmFHL2 in the migratory locust Locusta migratoria, a devastating pest reliant on precise molting cycles for growth and swarming. Phylogenetic and expression analyses revealed high conservation of LmFHL2 across insects, with predominant expression in integument and gut tissues.

Foliar application of selenium nanoparticles enhance quality and mitigate negative plant-soil feedback in Panax notoginseng by modulating plant-microbiota interactions.

Developing a practical strategy to enhance the quality of medicinal herb while alleviating negative plant-soil feedback (NPSF) is critical for agriculture. In this study, we investigated the effects of selenium nanoparticles (SeNPs) on Panax notoginseng through a two-year field experiment. Four treatments were established: a control (SeNPs_0) and three SeNPs concentrations (3, 5, and 10 mg/L), which were foliar-sprayed every 15 days for a total of six applications.

Genistein: A promising botanical fungicide candidate for enhancing tomato yield and quality by controlling Alternaria solani.

The overreliance on traditional chemical fungicides, combined with the emergence of resistance, poses significant challenges for food safety. Early blight, caused by the fungal pathogen Alternaria solani (A. solani), is among the most significant contributors to pre- and postharvest yield losses in tomato cultivation.

Transcription factor MaAP-1 regulates conidiation patterns via YAP domain binding to the MaPom1 promoter in Metarhizium acridum: Implications for enhancing fungal biocontrol efficiency.

Entomopathogenic fungi such as Metarhizium acridum are pivotal for sustainable pest management, yet the industrial conidial production is hindered by low yields and environmental sensitivity. Transcriptional regulation provides key targets for engineering strain modification. AP-1 transcription factors (TFs) are well-known for their roles in fungal growth, development, conidiation, pathogenicity and stress tolerance across various fungi.

Antifungal action of β-pinene derivatives containing quaternary ammonium scaffold against Rhizoctonia solani with damaging cell membranes and affecting energy metabolism.

Rhizoctonia solani (R. solani) is a phytopathogen that extensively affects crops, leading to plant diseases and reducing crop yields, which jeopardizes food security. β-pinene is a major component of turpentine oil and serves as a lead compound for developing new fungicides.

The toll signaling pathway confers resistance of Neoseiulus barkeri to Beauveria bassiana via cascade lysozyme expression.

The innovative fungus-mite collaborative control strategy based on the high resistance of predatory mites to entomopathogenic fungi offers significant advantages. However, the resistance mechanisms of predatory mites to entomopathogenic fungi remain poorly characterized. Additionally, the pathogenic and lethal risks of broad-spectrum entomopathogenic fungi to predatory mites pose constraints on their application.

The fungicide jinggangmycin stimulates fecundity of Nilaparvata lugens Stål via ILP/Foxo signaling.

The brown planthopper (BPH), Nilaparvata lugens is a typical pesticide-induced resurgent rice pest. A previous study showed that a fungicide, jinggangmycin (JGM)-treated rice led to markedly increased sugar content and (Insulin-like Peptide 2) ILP2 in response to sugar-mediated TOR signaling and stimulated fecundity in BPH. However, the role of the other ILPs in response to types of carbohydrate compounds remained poorly understood.

A strain of mycovirus AaVV1 mediates hypovirulence of Alternaria species.

The genus Alternaria comprises a wide range of ubiquitous plant pathogens that affect various host plants. Certain mycoviruses can induce changes in the biological characteristics and virulence of host fungi, offering potential for biocontrol in managing fungal plant diseases. Here, we identified a mycovirus with a high degree of homology to Alternaria arborescens victorivirus 1 (AaVV1), which was previously reported from Alternaria arborescens, in the QRH strain of the heterologous host Alternaria gomphrenae.

Recent advances in the discovery of novel bleaching herbicides inspired by natural products.

Pigment biosynthesis serves as a fundamental physiological process vital for weeds survival. Disruption of this pathway leads to the depletion of critical pigments, ultimately resulting in weeds death. Consequently, pigment biosynthesis has become a valuable target in modern herbicide development.

Adaptive glutathione S-transferase genes induced by DIMBOA as potential RNAi targets against Ostrinia furnacalis.

The arms race between insect-resistant secondary metabolites in plants and the detoxification genes of their natural enemies reveals the intricate co-evolutionary dynamics between the Asian corn borer (Ostrinia furnacalis) and its host plant, maize, and provides a new perspective for the potential control of pests. In this study, ELISA and transcriptome revealed that the glutathione S-transferases were involved in the detoxification of O. furnacalis to maize secondary metabolite 2,4-dihydroxy-7-methoxy-(2H)-1,4-benzoxazin-3(4H)-one (DIMBOA).