Prussian Blue Nanoparticle-Induced Alteration of the Polarization State of Tumor-Associated Macrophages as a Substantial Antitumor Mechanism Against Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma (OSCC).

Introduction: Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) has a poor prognosis due to its immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment (TME), in which tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) play a pivotal role in promoting disease progression and therapeutic resistance. This study examines whether Prussian blue nanoparticles (PB NPs) could reprogram TAMs and block tumor-stroma communication in OSCC.

Methods: PB NPs were synthesized using polyvinylpyrrolidone-assisted coprecipitation and characterized by transmission electron microscopy, dynamic light scattering, and UV-Vis spectroscopy.

Gastrointestinal complications following cardiac surgery: A national analysis.

Background: Gastrointestinal complications occur in ∼1 of 20 patients undergoing cardiac surgery and are associated with adverse consequences, although contemporary analyses are lacking.

Methods: All elective adult (≥18) hospitalizations entailing coronary artery bypass grafting, valve procedures, or a combination thereof were identified in the 2016-2021 Nationwide Readmission Database. Institutions were stratified by annual hospital cardiac surgery volume, with the highest quartile defined as high-volume hospitals.

Identification of MMP gene family and their expression profiles during scale development in Gymnocypris przewalskii.

Biomineralization is a biological process whereby organisms synthesize mineralized tissues, such as bones and fish scales. The scales of Gymnocypris przewalskii are highly specialized, present only in specific body regions, making this species an excellent model for studying scale development and biomineralization. Our previous work identified elevated expression levels of several matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) family members at scale-embedded sites.

The GhMPK7-GhSDIRIP1 module enhances drought tolerance in cotton by regulating ABA signaling.

The phytohormone abscisic acid (ABA) is important during abiotic stresses, especially drought stress. Although mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) cascades are crucial for ABA-mediated drought tolerance, how these cascades integrate and deliver the downstream ABA signals is poorly understood. Here, the group C MAPK GhMPK7 was found to positively regulate ABA-mediated drought tolerance in cotton.

Compound Salt-Based Coagulants for Tofu Gel Production: Balancing Quality and Protein Digestibility.

Tofu quality is critically influenced by coagulants, though their impact on protein digestibility remains underexplored. This study aimed to investigate the effects of calcium sulfate (CaSO), magnesium chloride (MgCl), and their combination (CaSO + MgCl) on the physicochemical properties and protein digestibility of tofu. Water-holding capacity, cooking loss, texture, protein composition, and protein digestibility were analyzed.

The Nuclear Transcription Factor Regulates the Protrusion of Tomato Fruit Tip.

NF-Y transcriptional regulators play crucial roles in diverse biological processes in plants, primarily through the formation of NF-Y complexes that bind to specific DNA motifs. These complexes modulate the expression of downstream genes, which influence plant development and growth. In our research, the function of the NF-Y family C subunit member gene in tomato was investigated with the CRISPR/Cas9 method.

Genome-wide identification and characterisation of Toll-like receptors in Chinese spiny frog ().

Introduction: Toll-like receptors (s) are pattern recognition receptors essential for immune defense against pathogens, activating the host's immune response by recognizing conserved pathogen structures. The Chinese spiny frog (), an amphibian native to southern China and northern Vietnam, has been severely impacted by recent infectious disease outbreaks caused by bacterial, viral, and parasitic infections, which threaten the sustainable development of the farming industry. However, the roles of () in combating these exogenous pathogens have not yet been explored.

HPMCAS-solidified supersaturated baicalin self-nanoemulsifying drug delivery systems: development and anti-colitis evaluation.

This study developed a hydroxypropyl methylcellulose acetate succinate (HPMCAS)-functionalized supersaturated self-nanoemulsifying drug delivery system (HPMCAS-SNEDDS@BA) to address the poor solubility and bioavailability of baicalin (BA), a flavonoid with anti-colitis efficacy. The formulation was systematically optimized through solubility screening, emulsification efficiency evaluation, and pseudo-ternary phase diagram analysis. Central composite design-response surface methodology (CCD-RSM) was employed to identify the optimal SNEDDS@BA composition, followed by HPMCAS ratio optimization based on supersaturation maintenance in biorelevant media.

Significance of gene therapy in neurodegenerative diseases.

Gene therapy is an approach that employs vectors to deliver genetic material to target cells, aiming to correct genes with pathogenic mutations and modulate one or more genes responsible for disease progression. It holds significant value for clinical applications and offers broad market potential due to the large patient population affected by various conditions. For instance, in 2023, the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approved 55 new drugs, including five specifically for gene therapy targeting hematologic and rare diseases.

Chicken interferon-induced transmembrane proteins inhibit Newcastle disease virus infection by affecting viral entry and W protein expression.

Interferon-induced transmembrane proteins (IFITMs) are essential components of the innate immune system, demonstrating potent resistance to various enveloped viruses (such as influenza, West Nile, and dengue viruses) both in laboratory settings and in living organisms. Newcastle disease (ND), resulting from Newcastle disease virus (NDV), is a severe avian viral ailment with notable economic impact due to its significant mortality and morbidity rates. On the basis of the efficient antiviral effects of IFITMs, an in-depth study of the role and mechanism of NDV inhibition by chicken IFITMs (chIFITMs) is highly important for the prevention and control of this disease.

Recent Advances in Ionic Mechanisms in Pituitary Cells: Implications for Electrophysiological and Electropharmacological Research.

Pituitary cells are specialized cells located within the pituitary gland, a small, pea-sized gland situated at the base of the brain. Through the use of cellular electrophysiological techniques, the electrical properties of these cells have been revealed. This review paper aims to introduce the ion currents that are known to be functionally expressed in pituitary cells.

Induction of Netosis by 2,2,4,4-Tetrabromodiphenyl Ether (BDE-47) in Cyprinus Carpio.

Polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs), extensively utilized as brominated flame retardants, have attained pervasive application in diverse products, thereby manifesting as omnipresent contaminants in the global environmental landscape. Among the PBDEs, 2,2',4,4'-Tetrabromodiphenyl ether (BDE-47) exhibits the broadest distribution and is recognized for its adverse impact on fish. The formation of neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) known as "NETosis" is a neutrophil antimicrobial mechanism that plays an important role in the immune system.

Interventional effect of hesperetin on N-methyl-N'-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine-induced exosomal circ008274 in affecting normal cells to promote gastric carcinogenesis.

Background: Hesperetin, a flavonoid predominantly present in citrus fruits, exhibits significant intervention effects on both the initiation and progression of gastric cancer. However, the specific mechanisms underlying this effect remain unclear.

Aim: To investigate the interventional role of hesperetin on N-methyl-N'-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine (MNNG)-induced exosomes in inducing gastric carcinogenesis.

An optimization protocol for MRI examination resource allocation based on demand forecasting and linear programming.

The accessibility of medical services in Mainland China had been on the rise, leading to a surge in the number of Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) scans. This increase had caused substantial delays in MRI examination queues at large hospitals. With MRI equipment and exams being costly, over-purchasing machines could lead to underutilization of resources.

DEC1 Regulates Human β Cell Functional Maturation and Circadian Rhythm.

Stem cell-derived islet (SC-islet) organoids offer hope for cell replacement therapy in diabetes, but their immature function remains a challenge. Mature islet function requires the β-cell circadian clock, yet how the clock regulates maturation is unclear. Here, we show that a circadian transcription factor specific to maturing SC-β cells, DEC1, regulates insulin responsiveness to glucose.

Spatial transcriptomics AI agent charts hPSC-pancreas maturation .

Spatial transcriptomics has revolutionized our understanding of tissue organization by simultaneously capturing gene expression and spatial localization within intact tissues. However, analyzing these increasingly complex datasets requires specialized expertise across computational biology, statistics, and biological context. To address this challenge, we introduce the Spatial Transcriptomics AI Agent (STAgent), an autonomous multimodal agentic AI that integrates multimodal large language models (LLMs) with specialized computational tools to transform weeks-long analysis tasks into minutes of automated processing.

Angioembolization within 60 minutes for exsanguinating trauma patients: A meaningful metric with a definition gap.

Background: Standards on the time from the decision to deploy interventional radiology (IR) to its initiation was recently changed from 30 to 60 ​min, though supporting evidence remains unclear. We aimed to identify the association of IR timing standard compliance with outcomes among trauma patients.

Methods: This study examined adult trauma patients (≥16 years) requiring angioembolization, stratified by IR initiation within 60 ​min of emergency department discharge (IR60) and beyond.

Correction: Hollow Au nanoparticles for single-molecule Raman spectroscopy a synergistic electromagnetic and chemical enhancement strategy.

Correction for 'Hollow Au nanoparticles for single-molecule Raman spectroscopy a synergistic electromagnetic and chemical enhancement strategy' by Zihan Gao , , 2025, https://doi.org/10.1039/d4nr05311g.

Using the Pearlin caregiver stress model to explore the factors influencing the mental health of caregivers of children with asthma.

Introduction: This study investigated the mental health status of caregivers of children with asthma and analyzed the associated influencing factors.

Method: We recruited 337 children with asthma and their caregivers. Student's test, one-way analysis of variance, multiple linear regression, and Pearson's correlation analysis were used to analyze the factors influencing mental health.

Hollow Au nanoparticles for single-molecule Raman spectroscopy a synergistic electromagnetic and chemical enhancement strategy.

Raman spectroscopy has demonstrated significant potential in molecular detection, analysis, and identification, particularly when it adopts single-molecule surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SM-SERS) substrates. A recent SM-SERS scheme incorporates two-fold Raman enhancement mechanisms: the electromagnetic enhancement enabled by a plasmonic nanogap hotspot formed from gold sphere nanoparticles sitting on a gold mirror and the chemical enhancement enabled by a two-dimensional material, WS, inserted into the nanogap. In this work we integrate multiple advanced concepts and techniques to achieve remarkable performance improvements of SM-SERS.

A Stable and Dependable Visual Technique for On-Site Nipah Virus Nucleic Acids Detection.

The Nipah Virus (NiV) is a zoonotic pathogen with the mortality rate of up to 75%, recurring in Asia over the past two decades. Due to increasing the risk of human transmission mediated by various intermediate hosts such as pigs and bats, it is necessary to produce an accurate and reliable point-of-care molecular detection method for NiV field diagnosis. In this study, we designed two pairs of primers targeting the conserved G and P genes and developed a point-of-care nucleic acid detection (POC-NAD) system by integrating one-step RT-PCR, lateral flow immunoassay, and microfluidic technologies.

Investigation of the Antifungal Activity and Preliminary Mode of Action of Novel 2-(1-Indol-2-yl)-1,3,4-oxadiazole Derivatives against .

The discovery of novel leads and new targets is an important approach to address the issue of fungicide resistance by new fungicide development. The indole skeleton has been widely utilized in agrochemicals due to its unique biological activity. YZK-C22 is a potent pyruvate kinase inhibitor with high antifungal activity.

Genome-Wide Analysis of the Aspartate Aminotransferase Family in and the Role of in Response to Nitrogen Starvation.

Nitrogen (N) is the most important fertilizer for increasing crop production, as it is absorbed by various N transporters and metabolized by a series of enzymes. Aspartate aminotransferase (ASP) facilitates the conversion of Glu to Asp for N storage. Chinese cabbage is a typical leafy vegetable that requires a large amount of N for growth.

Evaluation of Small-Molecule Candidates as Modulators of M-Type K Currents: Impacts on Current Amplitude, Gating, and Voltage-Dependent Hysteresis.

The core subunits of the K7.2, K7.3, and K7.

Trajectory changes and temporal priorities between depressive symptoms and social participation: A longitudinal study.

Background: Depressive symptoms and social participation are important factors influencing the health of older persons. Further research is needed to understand the interaction between these two variables.

Method: The Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale (CES-D) and the Social Participation Questionnaire were employed to assess depressive symptoms and social participation.