Supply-demand mismatch causes substantial deterioration in prehospital emergency medical service under disasters.

Floods severely disrupt prehospital emergency medical services (EMS), which dispatch medical personnel to deliver on-scene treatment, by hindering ambulance mobility and increasing medical demand. Here, we proposes a simulation-based framework that integrates flood inundation, EMS facility data, and population-weighted medical demand to assess regional EMS performance under different flood scenarios. Applied to Zhengzhou, China, the framework evaluates system responses during normal conditions, 1-in-50-year, 1-in-100-year floods, and the extreme "7.

Extracellular vesicles and their mimetics: clinical application prospects in medical aesthetics.

The persistent desire for beauty has fueled the rapid development of medical aesthetics. Multiple approaches, including cosmetics, drugs, and cell therapies, have been developed to improve skin conditions. However, none of these methods achieves the intended outcomes and may produce adverse repercussions.

Baseline and longitudinal changes in peak expiratory flow rate as predictors of sarcopenia in older adults: A 4-year cohort study.

Objective: Peak expiratory flow rate (PEFR) is a cheap and simple tool for assessing airway patency and respiratory muscle strength. So far, the impact of PEFR, particularly its longitudinal changes, on the prevalence and incidence of sarcopenia remains underexplored. Therefore, we conducted a cross-sectional and longitudinal study to address this gap.

Exosomes and their cargo proteins in diagnosis, process and treatment of gastric cancer.

Gastric cancer is one of the common malignant tumors of digestive tract. Early diagnosis, process monitoring, and appropriate treatment strategies are crucial to reducing mortality and improving patient outcomes. However, the lack of specific early symptoms and reliable diagnostic markers often leads to delayed diagnosis and suboptimal treatment strategies.

DACH-ZYC-Phos/Pd-Catalyzed Enantioselective Allenylation of Secondary Phosphine Oxides via Ligand Relay.

Chiral allenyl phosphine oxides hold significant application value in organic synthesis, serving as efficient catalysts, ligands, and versatile synthons. However, the development of transition metal-catalyzed asymmetric synthesis for these compounds remains unexplored, primarily due to the facile tautomerization of phosphine oxides into trivalent RRP-OH species, which may severely deactivate transition metal catalysts through strong coordination interactions. Herein, a ligand relay strategy has been applied to address this challenge in the Pd-catalyzed enantioselective coupling reactions of propargylic benzoates and secondary phosphine oxides (SPOs) to afford chiral trisubstituted allenyl phosphine oxides with high ee.

Hydrogeochemical mechanism and interconversion processes of groundwater-surface water in the Chan River Basin: A new perspective from hydrochemistry and isotopes.

Rivers and groundwater are the main water sources for cities. The mutual transformation between river water and groundwater makes it difficult to accurately evaluate and rationally utilize water resources. Scientifically quantifying the interaction of surface water and groundwater remains challenging.

Small extracellular vesicles derived from mesenchymal stromal cells loaded with β-nicotinamide mononucleotide activate NAD/SIRT3 signaling pathway-mediated mitochondrial autophagy to delay skin aging.

Background: Recently, the beneficial effects of human umbilical cord mesenchymal stromal cell (hucMSC)-derived small extracellular vesicles (sEVs) in mitigating skin aging through multiple mechanisms have been widely reported. β-Nicotinamide mononucleotide (NMN) is an iconic anti-aging drug that increases NAD levels in the body to slow down, ameliorate, and prevent various phenotypes associated with aging, but its high water solubility, low permeability, and instability limit its clinical application. Based on this, we applied electroporation to construct NMN-loaded hucMSC-sEVs (NMN-sEVs) to improve their stability and efficacy and to enhance their potential for translational application in medical aesthetics and anti-aging.

Non-C symmetric chiral ligand dictating allyl-allyl coupling.

Enantioselective synthesis of chiral compounds is of high interest due to their importance in organic chemistry, medicinal chemistry, life science, and materials science. Catalytic construction of chiral centers via the enantioselective carbon-carbon coupling is one of the most efficient approaches. Chiral 1,5-alkadienes are prevalent in natural and bioactive compounds.

A Dynamic Structural Stabilization Strategy for Li-Doped Sodium-Ion Battery Cathodes.

Unfavorable phase transformations and limited practical capacity remain significant challenges to the widespread application of layered oxides in sodium-ion batteries. Lithium doping has emerged as an effective strategy to suppress phase transformations and activate oxygen redox reactions. However, solid-state NMR reveals that Li gradually deintercalates from the bulk of the cathode during repeated cycles, ultimately compromising the efficacy of Li-doping.

Identifying nitrate pollution of groundwater based on aquifer vulnerability and surface nitrogen loads in the Northern Foot of the Qinling Mountains, China.

Nitrate pollution in groundwater is a critical global environmental issue. However, the combined effects of aquifer vulnerability and surface nitrogen loads (characterized by total soil nitrogen (TSN)) on it remain underexplored. Therefore, this study takes the northern foot of Qinling Mountains as a case to investigate the driving factors of nitrate pollution comprehensively.

FK506 Targets MoFpr1 to Modulate Autophagy and Ubiquitination, Inhibiting the Pathogenicity of .

Rice blast, caused by , is a major threat to global rice production. This study explores the antifungal potential of the immunosuppressant FK506 and identifies its target protein, MoFpr1 (FK506-binding protein 1B). FK506 inhibited mycelial growth, appressorium formation, and pathogenicity of in an MoFpr1-dependent manner.

Neutrophil membrane engineered human umbilical cord MSC-derived sEVs enhance anti-tumor efficacy for gastric cancer via delivering pentraxin 3.

Gastric cancer poses a significant global health challenge, promoting ongoing updates and exploration of treatment strategies. In this study, we proposed the naïve human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cell derived small extracellular vesicles (hucMSC-sEVs) effectively inhibit gastric cancer proliferation and migration, presenting a promising bioactive agent for gastric cancer therapy. To address the issues of shortage in circulation time, limited targeting efficiency, suboptimal therapeutic outcomes associated with hucMSC-sEVs, we engineered a membrane fusion between hucMSC-sEVs with human neutrophil membrane, creating Neu/MSC-sEVs.

MoSec13 combined with MoGcn5b modulates MoAtg8 acetylation and regulates autophagy in .

Macroautophagy/autophagy is an evolutionarily conserved cellular degradation process that is crucial for cellular homeostasis in . However, the precise regulatory mechanisms governing autophagy in this organism remain unclear. In this study, we found a multiregional localization of MoSec13 to the vesicle membrane, endoplasmic reticulum, nucleus, and perinucleus.

Interventional effect of hesperetin on N-methyl-N'-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine-induced exosomal circ008274 in affecting normal cells to promote gastric carcinogenesis.

Background: Hesperetin, a flavonoid predominantly present in citrus fruits, exhibits significant intervention effects on both the initiation and progression of gastric cancer. However, the specific mechanisms underlying this effect remain unclear.

Aim: To investigate the interventional role of hesperetin on N-methyl-N'-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine (MNNG)-induced exosomes in inducing gastric carcinogenesis.

Exomeres and supermeres: Current advances and perspectives.

Recent studies have revealed a great diversity and complexity in extracellular vesicles and particles (EVPs). The developments in techniques and the growing awareness of the particle heterogeneity have spurred active research on new particle subsets. Latest discoveries highlighted unique features and roles of non-vesicular extracellular nanoparticles (NVEPs) as promising biomarkers and targets for diseases.

Application of artificial intelligence in the diagnosis of malignant digestive tract tumors: focusing on opportunities and challenges in endoscopy and pathology.

Background: Malignant digestive tract tumors are highly prevalent and fatal tumor types globally, often diagnosed at advanced stages due to atypical early symptoms, causing patients to miss optimal treatment opportunities. Traditional endoscopic and pathological diagnostic processes are highly dependent on expert experience, facing problems such as high misdiagnosis rates and significant inter-observer variations. With the development of artificial intelligence (AI) technologies such as deep learning, real-time lesion detection with endoscopic assistance and automated pathological image analysis have shown potential in improving diagnostic accuracy and efficiency.

Gel and Rind-Derived Nanoparticles Mitigate Skin Photoaging via Activation of Nrf2/ARE Pathway.

Background: Skin aging is the primary external manifestation of human aging, and long-term exposure to ultraviolet radiation is the leading cause of photoaging, which can lead to actinic keratosis and skin cancer in severe cases. Traditional treatments may pose safety risks and cause side effects. As an emerging research direction, plant-derived exosome-like nanoparticles (PDNPs) show promise in combating aging.

ESM-Ezy: a deep learning strategy for the mining of novel multicopper oxidases with superior properties.

The UniProt database is a valuable resource for biocatalyst discovery, yet predicting enzymatic functions remains challenging, especially for low-similarity sequences. Identifying superior enzymes with enhanced catalytic properties is even harder. To overcome these challenges, we develop ESM-Ezy, an enzyme mining strategy leveraging the ESM-1b protein language model and similarity calculations in semantic space.

Real-time global coagulation assay via ordered porous layer interferometry using silica colloidal crystal film.

Background: The coagulation process is inherently complex, and conventional diagnostic techniques are typically only capable of detecting single coagulation factors, lacking capacity to assess the overall coagulation function of the patient. Therefore, it is thus imperative to develop a novel, global coagulation assay for the diagnosis of hemorrhagic and thrombotic disorders and to evaluate the therapeutic efficacy of anticoagulant drugs. The ordered porous layer interferometry technology, developed using silica colloidal crystal (SCC) film as sensing substrate, is characterized by low cost, real-time, and convenient operation.

Prediction of tumor spread through air spaces with an automatic segmentation deep learning model in peripheral stage I lung adenocarcinoma.

Background: To evaluate the clinical applicability of deep learning (DL) models based on automatic segmentation in preoperatively predicting tumor spread through air spaces (STAS) in peripheral stage I lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD).

Methods: This retrospective study analyzed data from patients who underwent surgical treatment for lung tumors from January 2022 to December 2023. An external validation set was introduced to assess the model's generalizability.

PRMT3 drives PD-L1-mediated immune escape through activating PDHK1-regulated glycolysis in hepatocellular carcinoma.

Aberrant expression of programmed death ligand-1 (PD-L1) facilitates tumor immune evasion. Protein arginine methyltransferase 3 (PRMT3), a member of type I PRMT family, mediates asymmetric dimethylarginine (ADMA) modification of various substrate proteins. This study investigates the role of PRMT3 in PD-L1-associated tumor immunosuppression in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).

Real-Time Isolation and Versatile Detection for Extracellular Vesicles Based on Ordered Porous Layer Interferometry.

Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are progressively becoming novel instruments for clinical therapeutics and liquid biopsies. Due to the complexity of biofluids and the physicochemical properties of EVs, the biological activity, velocity, and efficiency of EV isolation are always unsatisfying. Here, we present a real-time isolation approach of EVs derived from cells and urine using ordered porous layer interferometry with a silica colloidal crystal film as the sensing substrate, achieving efficiency greater than 90%.

Crosstalk between O-GlcNAcylation and phosphorylation in metabolism: regulation and mechanism.

Cells produce metabolic intermediates through catalytic reactions, mainly via post-translational modifications. The modification of proteins by O-linked N-acetylglucosamine, known as O-GlcNAcylation, is one of the most common post-translational modifications. As O-GlcNAcylation and phosphorylation can occur at serine or threonine residues, it is crucial that the interplay between these two modifications is vital to bioenergetic and biosynthetic demand.