Exomeres and supermeres: Current advances and perspectives.

Recent studies have revealed a great diversity and complexity in extracellular vesicles and particles (EVPs). The developments in techniques and the growing awareness of the particle heterogeneity have spurred active research on new particle subsets. Latest discoveries highlighted unique features and roles of non-vesicular extracellular nanoparticles (NVEPs) as promising biomarkers and targets for diseases.

Gel and Rind-Derived Nanoparticles Mitigate Skin Photoaging via Activation of Nrf2/ARE Pathway.

Background: Skin aging is the primary external manifestation of human aging, and long-term exposure to ultraviolet radiation is the leading cause of photoaging, which can lead to actinic keratosis and skin cancer in severe cases. Traditional treatments may pose safety risks and cause side effects. As an emerging research direction, plant-derived exosome-like nanoparticles (PDNPs) show promise in combating aging.