Pure-quartic noise-like pulse generation and its dynamics in an ultrafast fiber laser.

We report on the dynamical generation of pure-quartic noise-like pulses (NLPs) in an ultrafast fiber laser with a net anomalous fourth-order dispersion (FOD). The pure-quartic NLPs can be characterized by the appearance of spectral sidebands on the smooth broad spectra, which are different from conventional NLPs in a net second-order dispersion regime. Moreover, the spectral widths of pure-quartic NLPs are closely related to the intra-cavity net FOD value.

Revealing switchable pulse dynamics in an all-fiber Mamyshev oscillator.

Ultrafast fiber lasers based on the passive mode-locking mechanism can sustain various single- or multiple-pulse dynamic phenomena. The Mamyshev oscillator (MO) demonstrates significant potential for generating high-performance optical pulses. However, investigations into pulse-switching dynamics in oscillators have received scant attention, particularly in chaotic pulsing regimes.

Heavy metal release from two typical tire microplastics under different simulated environments and bioavailability assessment in China.

Little information is available on the release and associated bioavailability of heavy metals (HMs) in tire repair-polished debris (TRD) and recycled tire crumb (RTC). Thus, simulated TRD from 4 tire brands, TRD in auto repair shops and RTC in artificial turf from the northern and southern region of China were prepared to investigate HMs release under different simulated environments of acid rain and seawater and assess the associated bioavailability. The average contents of zinc (Zn), arsenic (As), and cadmium (Cd) were 11.

Impairments and recovery of neurocognitive control and cardiac vagal regulation in males with substance use disorders.

Previous studies have indicated that neurocognitive control in people with substance use disorders (SUDs) tends to be impaired. Impaired cardiac vagal regulation may underlie the disrupted self-regulatory and emotional processes in people with SUDs. However, it is unclear whether both neurocognitive control (indexed by intraindividual reaction time variability, IIRTV) and cardiac vagal regulation (indexed by resting respiratory sinus arrhythmia, RSA) are impaired and whether they can recover after abstinence.

Comparison of endoscopic vacuum therapy with standard care for colorectal anastomotic leakage: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of endoscopic vacuum therapy (EVT) compared with standard care in managing colorectal anastomotic leakage, a serious complication following colorectal surgery.We conducted a literature search across PubMed, Embase, and the Cochrane Library for clinical studies published before October 2024 that compared the outcomes of EVT and standard care for anastomotic leakage, including leakage resolution rates, treatment duration, hospital stay duration, or postoperative complications. The pooled estimates of risk ratio (RR) or mean difference were primarily derived using a fixed-effects model, with a random-effects model used when high heterogeneity was detected.

Comparison of outcomes between axillary and femoral artery cannulation for type A aortic dissection surgery.

Objective: To compare the application and outcomes of femoral versus axillary arterial cannulation in adult patients undergoing surgery for type A aortic dissection.

Methods: We conducted a retrospective review of 108 patients who underwent surgery for type A aortic dissection, dividing them into two groups based on the type of arterial cannulation utilized: the femoral artery cannulation group (n = 53) and the axillary artery cannulation group (n = 55). We assessed their general condition, cardiopulmonary bypass time, and the occurrence of major postoperative complications.

Intravenous acetaminophen for postoperative delirium in older patients recovering from major non-cardiac surgery: a randomised-controlled study protocol.

Introduction: Delirium is a common complication in elderly patients after major surgeries and can lead to poor outcomes such as neurocognitive decline. Acetaminophen is one of the most widely used adjuvants for perioperative multimodal analgesia. Previous studies showed that it can effectively alleviate postoperative pain, promote opioid sparing and exert anti-neuroinflammatory response, showing strong potential for preventing postoperative delirium.

Evaluating the Effects of Neburon Exposure on Ovarian Folliculogenesis Using Zebrafish and Mouse Granulosa Cell Line.

Background: Ovarian folliculogenesis is crucial for female reproduction. This can be disrupted by various factors, including pollutants with aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AHR) agonistic activity, but the underlying mechanisms remain unclear.

Objectives: Using the herbicide neburon, a moderate AHR agonist among current pesticides, we investigated its effects on ovarian folliculogenesis in zebrafish through life-cycle exposure at environmentally relevant concentrations to elucidate the associated mechanisms.

The impact of intradialytic elastic band exercise on physical and cognitive abilities in patients on maintenance hemodialysis: a randomized controlled trial.

Exercise benefits patients on maintenance hemodialysis (MHD) by addressing complications and dysfunctions. Elastic band exercise is cost-effective, but its safety, efficacy, and feasibility during dialysis are not well-established. The aim of this study is to investigate the physical and mental effects of intradialytic elastic band exercise in patients on MHD.

The Impact of Emotional Design on Multimedia Learning Outcomes: The Moderating Role of Task Difficulty.

Previous studies have demonstrated that emotional design can enhance multimedia learning outcomes. However, it is unknown whether task difficulty moderates the effect of emotional design on multimedia learning outcomes. This study aimed to explore this issue with the emotional design of multimedia learning materials in middle school mathematics probability knowledge learning.

Multiple equilibrium states in pure-quartic soliton molecules.

In this Letter, we demonstrate the existence of multiple equilibrium states in pure-quartic soliton (PQS) molecules. A discrete sequence of equilibrium separations alternating between stable and unstable states is theoretically predicted and numerically identified in the PQS doublet and triplet states. Furthermore, a systematic family tree of stable bound PQSs is constructed to facilitate the understanding of a hierarchical structure of stationary PQS molecules, thus allowing for the on-demand mixture of arbitrary orders of equilibrium separations and relative phase (in- or anti-phase) between adjacent PQSs.

The Relationship Between Family Functioning and Adolescents' Symptoms of Generalized Stress Response: The Mediating Roles of Character Strengths and Perceived Stress.

Introduction: The present study examined the associations between family functioning and adolescents' symptoms of generalized stress response and the mediating role of character strengths and perceived stress using a 1-year longitudinal design.

Methods: A total of 613 Chinese adolescents (50.6% females; M = 13.

Towards retrieving the temporal profile of unequal pulse bound states from autocorrelation measurements.

Optical autocorrelators are typically employed to retrieve the temporal information of bound-state lasers; however, they suffer from limitations when multiple sub-pulses coexist with varying intensities and pulse widths. To this end, this study investigates the impact of differences in pulse temporal intensity and width between two unequal pulses in a bound-state laser on the corresponding autocorrelation trace. Maps of autocorrelation trace in terms of the temporal profile of unequal pulse bound state are created to evaluate their internal relationship.

Evaluating quality of life improvements in endometriosis patients following laparoscopic surgery using EHP-30 scale.

This study aims to evaluate whether laparoscopic surgery enhances health-related quality of life (HRQoL) in endometriosis patients, utilizing the Endometriosis Health Profile-30 (EHP-30) questionnaire. The study also explores the correlations between disease severity, preoperative scores, and the subsequent changes following surgical intervention. This is a prospective observational study.

The effect of adult attachment on mobile phone dependence among university students: the mediating role of loneliness.

Objective: This study aimed to examine the direct relationship between adult attachment and mobile phone dependence, as well as the mediating role of loneliness.

Methods: Using a cross-sectional study design, 596 Chinese university students (mean age = 19.8, SD = 1.

A novel intraoperative Esophagus-Sparing Anastomotic Narrowing Revision (ESANR) technique for patients who underwent esophagojejunostomy: three case reports and a review of the literature.

Aim: The aim of this study was to introduce the Esophagus-Sparing Anastomotic Narrowing Revision (ESANR) technique for the intraoperative management of anastomotic narrowing and to conduct a literature review to provide an algorithm for the management of narrowing and strictures that may develop secondary to esophagojejunostomy.

Methods: Three patients with anastomotic narrowing during esophagojejunostomy were analyzed between September 2019 and June 2024. The anastomotic narrowing was detected by intraoperative gastroscopy after reconstruction.

Endometrial expression of ERRβ and ERRγ: prognostic significance and clinical correlations in severe endometriosis.

Background: Endometriosis (EMs) results in approximately 50% of reproductive-age women facing infertility. Currently, no precise model is available to predict successful postoperative pregnancy.

Methods: This study involved 81 patients with severe EMs (stages III and IV) and 38 controls with benign gynecological conditions, matched by age and BMI, diagnosis at Fujian Maternity and Child Health Hospital from January 2018 to December 2019.

Family cohesion moderates the inverted U-shaped curve between resting RSA and children's empathy.

Resting respiratory sinus arrhythmia (RSA) and family cohesion may jointly influence children's empathy. Resting RSA has been found to exhibit an inverted U-shaped relation with empathy, and family cohesion is a psychosocial correlate of children's empathy that may moderate this relation. The present study recruited 182 first-grade children as participants (87 girls, M = 7.

PAM4-modulated 2-micron band for enhanced indoor optical communications: experimental evaluation.

This research explores the application of PAM4 modulation to optical signals in the 2-μm wavelength band for indoor optical communication. Experiments conducted in a simulated atmospheric turbulence environment demonstrated a BER of 10 for the 2-μm laser carrier with PAM4, surpassing the forward error correction threshold. Power loss comparisons to a back-to-back setup showed minimal degradation under various turbulence levels, with losses of 1.

Integrated Analysis of Metabolites and Microorganisms Reveals the Anthracnose Resistance Benefits from Cyanidin Mediated by Proteobacteria in Tea Plants.

Anthocyanins, key quality components of tea, act as an important bridge between plants and the environment due to their function on protecting plants from biotic and abiotic irritants. This study aimed to assess the interactions between anthocyanins metabolism and the environment. Purple (P) and green (G) leaves with different anthocyanin contents were inoculated with tea plant anthracnose.

Associations between intraindividual reaction time variability, baseline respiratory sinus arrhythmia, and trait impulsivity in males with substance use disorders.

Trait impulsivity, characterized by the tendency to act without adequate consideration of potential consequences in pursuit of immediate rewards, is a recognized vulnerability marker for substance use disorders (SUDs). Cognitive control deficits are implicated in the manifestation of high trait impulsivity, and intraindividual reaction time variability (IIRTV), an indicator of cognitive control, may influence trait impulsivity. Baseline respiratory sinus arrhythmia (RSA) reflects vagal tone, serves as an index of physiological self-regulation, which has been demonstrated to be related to trait impulsivity.