Alterations of the skin microbiome in multiple system atrophy: a pilot study.

Multiple system atrophy (MSA) alters skin physiology, potentially impacting skin microbiota. This pilot study investigated whether skin microbiota differs in MSA and whether these differences relate to disease severity. Using 16S rRNA sequencing of cervical and axillary sites in MSA, Parkinson's disease, and controls, we identified distinct microbial patterns among groups.

ACSL3/GABARAPL2 Ameliorates Vascular Endothelial Cell Aging and Injury Through Protective Autophagy to Alleviate Ferroptosis.

Vascular endothelial cell (VEC) dysfunction is a key contributor to vascular diseases. Oxidative stress-induced ferroptosis accelerates VEC aging and injury, while protective autophagy mitigates this damage by clearing damaged organelles and reducing oxidative stress. GABARAPL2, a critical autophagy-related protein, and ACSL3, a regulator of lipid metabolism and ferroptosis, are emerging as interconnected mediators of cellular protection.

A meta-analysis of survival and prognostic factors in multiple system atrophy.

Background: Multiple-system atrophy is a rapidly progressive neurodegenerative disease with incomplete survival data, limiting the understanding of long-term outcomes. This study aimed to investigate a comprehensive data including survival time and prognostic factors.

Methods: Individual patient data were pooled from studies reporting Kaplan-Meier curves, and then, survival curves were generated.

Comparison of outcomes between axillary and femoral artery cannulation for type A aortic dissection surgery.

Objective: To compare the application and outcomes of femoral versus axillary arterial cannulation in adult patients undergoing surgery for type A aortic dissection.

Methods: We conducted a retrospective review of 108 patients who underwent surgery for type A aortic dissection, dividing them into two groups based on the type of arterial cannulation utilized: the femoral artery cannulation group (n = 53) and the axillary artery cannulation group (n = 55). We assessed their general condition, cardiopulmonary bypass time, and the occurrence of major postoperative complications.

Pathogenicity analysis of three SCA14-associated missense mutations in PRKCG gene of Chinese patients with ataxia.

Spinocerebellar ataxia type 14 (SCA14) is an autosomal dominant disorder characterized by progressive cerebellar dysfunction and neurodegeneration. To date, it is rarely reported in China. SCA14 is caused by mutations in the PRKCG gene, which encodes protein kinase C gamma (PKCγ).

Decreased Peripheral Blood Lymphocytes in Spinocerebellar Ataxia Type 3 Correlate with Disease Severity.

Background: The immune system likely plays a role in the pathogenesis of spinocerebellar ataxia type 3 (SCA3). Peripheral blood leukocytes are indicative of the immune status in neurodegenerative diseases. However, alterations in the characteristics of peripheral blood leukocytes at different stages of SCA3 and their potential roles in disease progression remain unclear.

Peripheral Inflammation Profile of Cerebellar Ataxia.

Objectives: The objective of this study is to determine the characteristics of peripheral inflammatory profiles and their correlations with the clinical features in patients with cerebellar ataxia.

Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional study on a cohort of 140 cerebellar ataxia patients, including 74 patients with spinocerebellar ataxia (SCA), 66 patients with multiple system atrophy with predominant cerebellar ataxia (MSA-C), and 145 healthy controls (HCs). Inflammatory profiles (PLT, MPV, NLR, PLR, MLR, SII, AISI and ESR) were measured in peripheral blood, and were compared by ANOVA and Kruskal-Wallis test.

Lactylation and human disease.

Background: Lactylation, a new epigenetic modification, is an important way in which lactate exerts physiological functions. There is a close relationship between increased lactylations caused by lactate and glycolysis, which can interact and play a role in disease through lactate as an intermediate mediator. Current research on lactylations has focused on histone lactylation, but non-histone lactylation also has greater research potential.

Synaptic Density Reductions in MSA: A Potential Biomarker Identified Through [F]SynVesT-1 PET Imaging.

Objective: The objective of this study was to delineate synaptic density alterations in multiple system atrophy (MSA) and explore its potential role as a biomarker for MSA diagnosis and disease severity monitoring using [F]SynVesT-1 positron emission tomography / computed tomography (PET CT).

Methods: In this prospective study, 60 patients with MSA (30 patients with MSA-parkinsonian [MSA-P] subtype and 30 patients with MSA-cerebellar [MSA-C] subtype), 30 patients with Parkinson's disease (PD), and 30 age-matched healthy controls (HCs) underwent [F]SynVesT-1 PET/CT for synaptic density assessment. Visual, voxel, and volumetric region of interest (VOI) analyses were used to elucidate synaptic density patterns in the MSA brain and establish diagnostic criteria.

Genetic Analysis of GCA Repeats in the GLS Gene: Implications for Undiagnosed Ataxia and Spinocerebellar Ataxia 3 in Mainland China.

Background: Recent studies have reported that expanded GCA repeats in the GLS gene can cause glutaminase deficiency with ataxia phenotype. However, to data, no studies have investigated the distribution and role of GCA repeats in the GLS gene of Chinese individuals.

Objective: The aim was to investigate the distribution of GCA repeats in Chinese individuals, including undiagnosed ataxia patients for identifying causal factors, healthy controls for determining the normal range, and ATX-ATXN3 (spinocerebellar ataxia type 3, SCA3) patients for exploring genetic modifiers.

Attention-enhanced dilated convolution for Parkinson's disease detection using transcranial sonography.

Background: Transcranial sonography (TCS) plays a crucial role in diagnosing Parkinson's disease. However, the intricate nature of TCS pathological features, the lack of consistent diagnostic criteria, and the dependence on physicians' expertise can hinder accurate diagnosis. Current TCS-based diagnostic methods, which rely on machine learning, often involve complex feature engineering and may struggle to capture deep image features.

The characteristic and biomarker value of transcranial sonography in cerebellar ataxia.

Objective: Transcranial sonography (TCS) is a noninvasive neuroimaging technique, visualizing deep brain structures and the ventricular system. Although widely employed in diagnosing various movement disorders, such as Parkinson's disease and dystonia, by detecting disease-specific abnormalities, the specific characteristics of the TCS in cerebellar ataxia remain inconclusive. We aimed to assess the potential value of TCS in patients with cerebellar ataxias for disease diagnosis and severity assessment.

The genetic landscape and phenotypic spectrum of GAA-FGF14 ataxia in China: a large cohort study.

Background: An intronic GAA repeat expansion in FGF14 was recently identified as a cause of GAA-FGF14 ataxia. We aimed to characterise the frequency and phenotypic profile of GAA-FGF14 ataxia in a large Chinese ataxia cohort.

Methods: A total of 1216 patients that included 399 typical late-onset cerebellar ataxia (LOCA), 290 early-onset cerebellar ataxia (EOCA), and 527 multiple system atrophy with predominant cerebellar ataxia (MSA-c) were enrolled.

Peripheral Inflammatory and Immune Landscape in Multiple System Atrophy: A Cross-Sectional Study.

Background: Neuroinflammation might contribute to the pathogenesis of multiple systemic atrophy (MSA). However, specific alterations in the peripheral inflammatory and immune profiles of patients with MSA remain unclear.

Objectives: To determine the peripheral inflammatory and immune profiles of patients with MSA and their potential value as biomarkers for facilitating clinical diagnosis and monitoring disease severity.

Repair effect of Centella asiatica (L.) extract on damaged HaCaT cells studied by atomic force microscopy.

People's choice of cosmetics is no longer just 'Follow the trend', but pays more attention to the ingredients of cosmetics, whether the ingredients of cosmetics are beneficial to people's skin health; therefore, more and more skin-healthy ingredients have been discovered and used in cosmetics. In this work, atomic force microscope (AFM) is used to provide physical information about biomolecules and living cells; it brings us a new method of high-precision physical measurement. Centella asiatica (L.

Multidimensional biomarkers for multiple system atrophy: an update and future directions.

Multiple system atrophy (MSA) is a fatal progressive neurodegenerative disease. Biomarkers are urgently required for MSA to improve the diagnostic and prognostic accuracy in clinic and facilitate the development and monitoring of disease-modifying therapies. In recent years, significant research efforts have been made in exploring multidimensional biomarkers for MSA.

No Correlation between Plasma GPNMB Levels and Multiple System Atrophy in Chinese Cohorts.

Background: Glycoprotein nonmetastatic melanoma protein B (GPNMB) has been demonstrated to mediate pathogenicity in Parkinson's disease (PD) through interactions with α-synuclein, and plasma GPNMB tended to be a novel biomarker for PD.

Objective: The goal of this study was to investigate whether plasma GPNMB could act as a potential biomarker for the clinical diagnosis and severity monitoring of multiple system atrophy (MSA), another typical synucleinopathy.

Methods: Plasma GPNMB levels in patients with MSA, patients with PD, and healthy control subjects (HCs) were quantified using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays.

Efficacy of cerebellar transcranial magnetic stimulation in spinocerebellar ataxia type 3: a randomized, single-blinded, controlled trial.

Background: Spinocerebellar ataxia type 3 (SCA3) is the most common subtype of SCA without effective treatment. This study aimed to evaluate the comparative efficacy of low-frequency repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) and intermittent Theta Burst Stimulation (iTBS) in a larger cohort of SCA3 patients.

Methods: One hundred and twenty patients with SCA3 were randomly assigned to the 3 groups: 40 patients in the 1 Hz rTMS, 40 in the iTBS and 40 in the sham group.

Diagnostic and prognostic performance of plasma neurofilament light chain in multiple system atrophy: a cross-sectional and longitudinal study.

Background: The longitudinal dynamics of neurofilament light chain (NfL) in multiple system atrophy (MSA) were incompletely illuminated. This study aimed to explore whether the plasma NfL (pNfL) could serve as a potential biomarker of clinical diagnosis and disease progression for MSA.

Methods: We quantified pNfL concentrations in both a large cross-sectional cohort with 214 MSA individuals, 65 PD individuals, and 211 healthy controls (HC), and a longitudinal cohort of 84 MSA patients.

Synaptic Loss in Spinocerebellar Ataxia Type 3 Revealed by SV2A Positron Emission Tomography.

Background: Severe reduced synaptic density was observed in spinocerebellar ataxia (SCA) in postmortem neuropathology, but in vivo assessment of synaptic loss remains challenging. OBJECTIVE SPINOCEREBELLAR ATAXIA TYPE 3: The objective of this study was to assess in vivo synaptic loss and its clinical correlates in spinocerebellar ataxia type 3 (SCA3) patients by synaptic vesicle glycoprotein 2A (SV2A)-positron emission tomography (PET) imaging.

Methods: We recruited 74 SCA3 individuals including preataxic and ataxic stages and divided into two cohorts.

Serum vitamin levels in multiple system atrophy: A case-control study.

Aim: There is increasing evidence suggesting that vitamins may play important roles in the pathogenesis of multiple system atrophy (MSA). The purpose of this study was to detect the changes of serum vitamin levels and investigate their correlation with disease severity in MSA patients.

Methods: In this cross-sectional study, 244 MSA patients, 200 Parkinson's disease (PD) patients and 244 age-gender matched healthy controls were recruited.