Mapping Long COVID: Spatial and Social Inequities Across the United States.

Background Long COVID affects a substantial portion of the U.S. population, yet its spatiotemporal distribution remains poorly characterized.

Repurposing drugs for the human dopamine transporter through WHALES descriptors-based virtual screening and bioactivity evaluation.

Computational approaches, encompassing both physics-based and machine learning (ML) methodologies, have gained substantial traction in drug repurposing efforts targeting specific therapeutic entities. The human dopamine (DA) transporter (hDAT) is the primary therapeutic target of numerous psychiatric medications. However, traditional hDAT-targeting drugs, which interact with the primary binding site, encounter significant limitations, including addictive potential and stimulant effects.

Single-layer CoMoS anchored on reduced graphene oxide for efficient and stable hydrodeoxygenation of lignin-derived phenolics to arenes.

Achieving both high activity and good stability remains a challenge for the design of MoS-based catalysts in the hydrodeoxygenation (HDO) reaction. Herein, a robust catalyst with single-layer CoMoS anchored on hydrophobic reduced graphene oxide (SL-CoMoS/rGO) was fabricated, which exhibited high activity, selectivity and excellent stability in the HDO of lignin-derived phenolics to arenes. Utilizing the HDO of 4-methylphenol as a probe reaction, the catalyst afforded a conversion of 98.

Proteomics-based aging clocks in midlife or late-life and their associated risk of dementia.

Background: Biological age can be quantified by composite proteomic scores, called proteomics-based aging clocks (PACs). We investigated whether a discrepancy between chronological and biological age in midlife and late-life is associated with cognition and dementia risk.

Methods: We used two longitudinal population-based studies: the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities (ARIC) Study and the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis (MESA).

Psychotherapeutic, pharmacological and other active interventions from the NICE guideline for post-traumatic stress disorder with sleep disorder: systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is strongly associated with sleep disorders, and current clinical guidelines for PTSD differ in recommending treatment for patients with PTSD associated with sleep disorders. This meta-analysis evaluates the acceptability and efficacy of psychotherapy, pharmacotherapy, and other complementary/alternative therapies, to help clinicians make decisions about treatment regimens for individuals with PTSD and sleep disorders.

Method: We systematically searched PubMed, EMBASE, the Cochrane Library, and American Psychological Association PsyNet for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) related to placebo-controlled and active intervention trials for PTSD with sleep disorders up to February 2, 2023.

Global burden of smoking-associated age-related macular degeneration: Spatiotemporal trends from 1990 to 2021 and projections to 2040.

Introduction: Smoking is a major modifiable risk factor for age-related macular degeneration (AMD); however, the long-term trends and sociodemographic disparities in its global burden remain insufficiently characterized. This study aimed to assess the evolving burden of smoking-associated AMD from 1990 to 2021 and project its trajectory to 2040.

Methods: Data from the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) 2021 database were used to extract smoking-associated AMD burden, measured by years lived with disability (YLDs) and age-standardized YLDs rate (ASYLDsR).

A novel peptide 66CTG stabilizes Myc proto-oncogene protein to promote triple-negative breast cancer growth.

Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is the most malignant subtype of breast cancer that lacks reliable targets for diagnosis and therapy. Non-coding RNA (ncRNA)-encoded products hold promise for addressing this unmet need. By analyzing the reported ribosomal RNA sequencing data, combined with the TCGA, ORFfinder, SmProt databases, we identified CDKN2B-AS1, a TNBC-upregulated lncRNA encoding a 66-amino-acid peptide via CUG-initiated translation.

Oral Nanoarmored Live Bacterial Biotherapeutics Bearing Polyphenol-Based Supraparticles Enhance Chemotherapy via Reestablishing Immuno-Oncology-Microbiome Axis.

The immuno-oncology-microbiome (IOM) axis, referring to the gut microbiota-regulated immune interactions on the tumor microenvironment and systemic immunity, is essential for cancer therapies. However, the cytotoxicity of chemotherapeutic agents (Chemos) disrupts the gut microbiota- and gut microbiota-manipulated IOM axis, further diminishing the therapeutic efficacy. Here, we developed oral nanoarmored live bacterial biotherapeutics (supraLBT), to reshape the tumor microenvironment and enhance chemotherapy via reestablishing the IOM axis.

Construction and validation of a clinical prognostic model for frontal glioblastoma: a real-world clinical study based on radiation therapy.

Background: Glioblastoma has high malignancy, treatment challenge, poor prognosis and survival. It takes place mostly in the frontal lobe, and it significantly impacts late-life activities. Therefore, the establishment of a survival model for frontal glioblastoma patients is of great significance for optimizing the treatment for patients.

Type 2 diabetes abates retrograde collateral flow and promotes leukocyte adhesion following ischemic stroke.

Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is associated with impaired leptomeningeal collateral compensation and poor stroke outcome. Neutrophils tethering and rolling on endothelium after stroke can also independently reduce flow velocity. However, the chronology and topological changes in collateral circulation in T2DM is not yet defined.

Enhancing nitrogen removal from low-strength municipal wastewater by partial denitrification coupled with anammox in plug flow pure biofilm system.

Biofilm has been widely utilized to retain anaerobic ammonium-oxidizing bacteria (AnAOB). However, most research on partial denitrification/anammox (PD/A) focuses on hybrid systems, with limited insights into systems dominated by complete biofilms. This study established pure biofilm system within plug-flow reactor to treat low strength municipal wastewater.

Skin pathology in ALS: Diagnostic implications and biomarker potential.

Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a fatal neurodegenerative disease characterized by the loss of motor neurons in the spinal cord and brain, resulting in motor deficits and muscle atrophy. Approximately 5-10% of ALS patients are familial (fALS), while the rest are sporadic (sALS). Currently, early diagnosis of ALS cannot be achieved based on clinical manifestations and electromyography due to the lack of effective and easily available biomarkers.

Research Progress on the Role of Zinc Finger Protein in Colorectal Cancer.

Background: Colorectal cancer is one of the most prevalent malignancies worldwide, with a tendency of increasing incidence in developed countries, which poses a significant threat to the patients' physical and mental health.

Recent Findings: The process of gene transcription affects the important physiological functions of cells, so the normal expression of transcription factors is an important prerequisite for maintaining cellular homeostasis. Changes in the level of zinc finger proteins, the most prevalent transcription factor, may play an important trigger for the development of colorectal cancer.

Data-driven AI platform for dens evaginatus detection on orthodontic intraoral photographs.

Background: The aim of our study was to develop and evaluate a deep learning model (BiStageNet) for automatic detection of dens evaginatus (DE) premolars on orthodontic intraoral photographs. Additionally, based on the training results, we developed a DE detection platform for orthodontic clinical applications.

Methods: We manually selected the premolar areas for automatic premolar recognition training using a dataset of 1,400 high-quality intraoral photographs.

Insights From Nonsense-Mediated mRNA Decay for Prognosis in Homologous Recombination-Deficient Ovarian Cancer.

Not all ovarian cancer patients with homologous recombination deficiency, especially those with germline BRCA mutations, can benefit from platinum-based and targeted therapy. Our study aimed to determine the value of nonsense-mediated mRNA decay, which targeted these mutations. The retrospective analysis of 797 ovarian cancer patients was performed using two public cohorts and one in-house cohort.

Dynamic forecasting module for chronic graft-versus-host disease progression based on a disease-associated subpopulation of B cells: a multicenter prospective study.

Background: Predicting chronic graft-versus-host disease (cGVHD) progression has been challenging due to its dynamic nature and the lack of reliable real-time monitoring tools, necessitating substantial investments of time and financial resources for effective management. Consequently, identifying appropriate immune cell subsets or molecules as prognostic or predictive biomarkers for cGVHD is essential.

Methods: Building on the pivotal role of B-cell homeostasis in cGVHD progression, we integrated spectral flow cytometry with advanced machine learning algorithms to systematically analyze the relationship between B cells and cGVHD progression.

Lactylation and human disease.

Background: Lactylation, a new epigenetic modification, is an important way in which lactate exerts physiological functions. There is a close relationship between increased lactylations caused by lactate and glycolysis, which can interact and play a role in disease through lactate as an intermediate mediator. Current research on lactylations has focused on histone lactylation, but non-histone lactylation also has greater research potential.

Circulating tumour cell clusters: isolation, biological significance and therapeutic implications.

Circulating tumour cells (CTCs) and CTC clusters are considered metastatic precursors due to their ability to seed distant metastasis. However, navigating the bloodstream presents a significant challenge for CTCs, as they must endure fluid shear forces and resist detachment-induced anoikis. Consequently, while a large number of cells from the primary tumour may enter the circulation, only a tiny fraction will result in metastasis.

Proteomics-based aging clocks in midlife and late-life and risk of dementia.

Background: Biological age can be quantified by composite proteomic scores, called aging clocks. We investigated whether biological age acceleration (a discrepancy between chronological and biological age) in midlife and late-life is associated with cognitive function and risk of dementia.

Methods: We used two population-based cohort studies: Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities (ARIC) Study and Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis (MESA).

Hierarchically Porous Microgels with Interior Spiral Canals for High-Efficiency Delivery of Stem Cells in Wound Healing.

Chronic wound poses a serious risk to diabetic patients, primarily due to damaged skin microvasculature and prolonged inflammation at the wound site. Mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) therapy utilizing microgels as a cell delivery system has shown promise in promoting wound healing by enhancing cell viability and the secretion of bioactive factors. Retaining sufficient MSCs at injury sites is crucial for optimal therapeutic outcomes.

Eight new species and four new records of the leafhopper genus Agnesiella Dworakowska (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae: Typhlocybinae) from China.

Eight new species of the leafhopper genus Agnesiella Dworakowska are described and illustrated, including Agnesiella (Agnesiella) hamaculeata, A. (A.) nigroflava, A.

Regulatory T cells engineered with polyphenol-functionalized immunosuppressant nanocomplexes for rebuilding periodontal hard tissue under inflammation-challenged microenvironment.

Global aging heightens the risk of oral disorders, among which periodontitis is the major cause of tooth loss in the aging population. The regeneration of damaged periodontal hard tissue is highly challenging due to the existence of the refractory local inflammation. Owing to the potent anti-inflammatory capabilities, regulatory T cells hold great promise in immunotherapies for tissue regeneration.