The relationship between depression and academic burnout among undergraduate students majoring in eldercare services: a moderated mediation model.

Objectives: To explore the relationship between depression, self-efficacy, academic burnout, and social support among undergraduate students majoring in eldercare services in China.

Methods: A cross-sectional study was carried out among 957 students majoring in eldercare services across four provinces of China. The study employed questionnaires based on the Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale, General Self-Efficacy Scale, Learning Burnout Scale, and Perceived Social Support Scale.

Pure-quartic noise-like pulse generation and its dynamics in an ultrafast fiber laser.

We report on the dynamical generation of pure-quartic noise-like pulses (NLPs) in an ultrafast fiber laser with a net anomalous fourth-order dispersion (FOD). The pure-quartic NLPs can be characterized by the appearance of spectral sidebands on the smooth broad spectra, which are different from conventional NLPs in a net second-order dispersion regime. Moreover, the spectral widths of pure-quartic NLPs are closely related to the intra-cavity net FOD value.

Efficacy of a novel surgical approach: sutureless correction of conjunctivochalasis using new conjunctival forceps combined with high-frequency electrocautery.

Purpose: To investigate the efficiency, efficacy, and safety of application new conjunctival forceps combined with high-frequency electrocautery-assisted for treatment of conjunctivochalasis (Cch).

Methods: This study included data from 19 patients (22 eyes)with conjunctivochalasis who underwent treatment from January to December 2023. Cch correction was performed with our new conjunctival forceps (Patent Number: ZL 2022 2 0320601.

Asymmetric Michael Addition of Benzofuran-Derived Azadienes to 3-Fluorooxindoles Catalyzed by a Chiral Squaramide Catalyst.

A highly enantioselective Michael reaction of benzofuran-derived azadienes with 3-fluorooxindoles, catalyzed by a quinine-derived squaramide catalyst, was developed. This protocol efficiently constructs a variety of 3-substituted-3-fluorooxindoles featuring two vicinal chirality centers, achieving good to high yields (68-92%) along with moderate to excellent enantioselectivities (70 to >99% ee) and diastereoselectivities (60:40 to >99:1 dr).

The relationship between sleep disorders and frailty in stroke patients: the mediating role of self-efficacy.

Background: Stroke patients may have symptoms such as sleep disorders, and the incidence of frailty is much higher than that of non-stroke patients. Self-efficacy can reduce the occurrence of frailty and sleep disorders and help to maintain the health of stroke patients.

Objective: To investigate the relationship between sleep disorder, self-efficacy and frailty in stroke patients, and to analyse the mediating role of self-efficacy.

Novel Urazole-Derived MS-Cleavable Cross-Linkers Targeting Tyrosine/Lysine Residues for Protein Structural Analysis.

Chemical cross-linking mass spectrometry (XL-MS) is crucial for probing protein structure and protein-protein interactions. Currently, lysine-reactive cross-linkers have been widely developed and applied. In this study, two urazole-derived MS-cleavable cross-linkers were designed and synthesized, enabling the accurate identification of cross-linked peptides by MS.

TSC22 domain family member 3 links natural killer cells to CD8+ T cell-mediated drug hypersensitivity.

Severe cutaneous adverse drug reactions (SCARs) are life-threatening diseases, which are associated with human leukocyte antigen (HLA) risk variants. However, the low positive predictive values of HLA variants suggest additional factors influence disease susceptibility. Using dapsone hypersensitivity syndrome (DHS) as a paradigm for SCARs, we show that the DHS patients harbor a sex-related global reduction in blood NK cells, contributing to the higher incidence of reactions in females.

Cellular and molecular determinants of bacterial burden in leprosy granulomas revealed by single-cell multimodal omics.

Background: Which cell populations that determine the fate of bacteria in infectious granulomas remain unclear. Leprosy, a granulomatous disease with a strong genetic predisposition, caused by Mycobacterium leprae infection, exhibits distinct sub-types with varying bacterial load and is considered an outstanding disease model for studying host-pathogen interactions.

Methods: We performed single-cell RNA and immune repertoire sequencing on 11 healthy controls and 20 patients with leprosy, and integrated single-cell data with genome-wide genetic data on leprosy.

The nucleus accumbens in reward and aversion processing: insights and implications.

The nucleus accumbens (NAc), a central component of the brain's reward circuitry, has been implicated in a wide range of behaviors and emotional states. Emerging evidence, primarily drawing from recent rodent studies, suggests that the function of the NAc in reward and aversion processing is multifaceted. Prolonged stress or drug use induces maladaptive neuronal function in the NAc circuitry, which results in pathological conditions.

Asymmetric Mannich Reaction of Isatin-Derived Ketimines with α-Fluoroindanones Catalyzed by a Chiral Phase-Transfer Catalyst.

A highly enantioselective Mannich reaction of α-fluoroindanones with isatin-derived -Boc-ketimines catalyzed by a quinine-derived phase-transfer catalyst was developed. A variety of 3-substituted 3-amino-2-oxindoles bearing fluorine-containing, vicinal, tetrasubstituted stereocenters were constructed using this protocol in high yields (83-95%), with moderate to excellent enantioselectivities (66-91%) and high diastereoselectivities (up to >99:1).

Polysaccharide Alleviates Hyperlipidemia Symptoms via Inhibition of Nuclear Factor-κB/Signal Transducer and Activator of Transcription 3-Mediated Inflammatory Responses.

Hyperlipidemia (HLP) is a metabolic syndrome induced by obesity, which has been widely recognized as a significant threat to human health. , an edible lignin-degrading fungus, remains relatively understudied in terms of its bioactivity and medicinal properties. In this study, the lipid-lowering effect of polysaccharide (PAPS1) was systematically explored in high-fat diet (HFD)-induced HLP mice.

Aymmetric Aza-Friedel-Crafts Reaction of Isatin-Derived Ketimines with Indoles Catalyzed by a Chiral Phase-Transfer Catalyst.

A highly enantioselective aza-Friedel-Crafts reaction of 1-indoles with isatin-derived -Cbz-ketimines catalyzed by quinine-derived phase-transfer catalysts was developed. A series of chiral 3-aminobisindole compounds containing a tetrasubstituted stereocenter were constructed by this protocol in high yields (82-91%) and moderate to excellent enantioselectivities (46-94% ee).

Novel Chiral Thiourea Derived from Hydroquinine and l-Phenylglycinol: An Effective Catalyst for Enantio- and Diastereoselective Aza-Henry Reaction.

A series of chiral thiourea bearing multiple H-bond donors derived from hydroquinine has been reported. The aza-Henry reaction of isatin-derived ketimines and long-chain nitroalkanes catalyzed by these chiral thioureas can achieve high enantioselectivity (78-99% ee) and excellent diastereoselectivity (up to 99:1). This work is the first report on long-chain nitroalkanes as substrates with excellent diastereoselectivity in metal-free catalytic systems.

Enantioselective addition of thiols to trifluoromethyl ketimines: synthesis of ,-ketals.

An efficient enantioselective addition of thiols to acyclic trifluoromethyl ketimines has been established by using a bifunctional squaramide catalyst, which was derived from quinine, and the reaction was completed in 5 to 10 min. The construction of chiral tetrasubstituted carbon centers bearing trifluoromethylated N,S-ketals has been achieved in high yields (up to 96% yield) with excellent enantioselectivities (up to 99% ee).

Monascin exhibits neuroprotective effects in rotenone model of Parkinson's disease via antioxidation and anti-neuroinflammation.

Increasing evidence verified that oxidative stress and neuroinflammatory response exacerbates motor deficits and increases neuronal loss in several rodent models of Parkinson's disease. In the present study, we explore the neuroprotective effects of monascin in a rotenone-induced Parkinson's disease model as well as the underlying mechanisms. Our results showed that monascin remarkedly attenuated behavioral impairments and the depletion of dopaminergic neurons induced by rotenone in the rats.

Synthesis of 4-Azaindolines Using Phase-Transfer Catalysis via an Intramolecular Mannich Reaction.

A series of bifunctional asymmetric phase-transfer catalysts containing novel fluorine-containing urea groups derived from cinchona alkaloids have been synthesized and successfully applied in the asymmetric intramolecular Mannich reaction. The 4-azaindoline products bearing multiple substrates were obtained in excellent yield (90-99%), with high enantioselectivity (up to 95%) and diastereoselectivity (up to >99:1).

Andrastone A From the Deep-Sea-Derived Fungus Acts as an Inducer of Caspase and RXRα-Dependent Apoptosis.

Two new (, ) and one known () meroterpenoids were isolated from the deep-sea-derived fungus . The relative structures of new compounds were determined on the basis of an extensive analysis of the NMR and MS data, and the absolute configurations were established by ECD calculations. Andrastone A () is a rare andrastin bearing an unusual cyclopentan-1,3-dione.

Visualising reactive oxygen species in live mammals and revealing of ROS-related system.

Of all the aerobic respiration by-products, cytotoxic superoxide derived from mitochondrial-leaked electrons, is the only one known to be disposed of intracellularly. Is this fate the only destiny for mitochondrial-leaked electrons? When monkeys were injected intravenously with reactive oxygen species (ROS) indicators, the connective tissues of dura mater, facial fascia, pericardium, linea alba, dorsa fascia and other body parts, emitted specific and intense fluorescent signals. Moreover, the fluorescent signals along the linea alba of SD rats, did not result from the local presence of ROS but from the interaction of ROS indicators with electrons flowing through this tissue.

Highly Enantioselective Synthesis of Acyclic ,'-Acetals by Chiral Urea Derived from Quinine Catalyzed the Addition of Aryl Amines to Isatin-Derived Ketimines.

,'-Acetals are sensitive compounds, and the challenging asymmetric synthesis of acyclic ,'-acetals by the general addition of amines to ketimines has never been reported so far. In this study, highly enantioselective addition of aryl amines to isatin-derived ketimines catalyzed by chiral urea derived from quinine was developed. A series of new acyclic ,'-acetals were constructed by this protocol in high to excellent yields (78-99%) and high to excellent enantioselectivities (76-96% ee).

LncRNA HOTAIR targets miR-126-5p to promote the progression of Parkinson's disease through RAB3IP.

Parkinson's disease (PD) is a common neurological disorder characterized by dopaminergic (DA) neuron degeneration and death in the midbrain, and the long noncoding RNA HOTAIR has been shown to affect disease progression in PD. In this study, we aimed to further illustrate the molecular mechanism of HOTAIR in PD. Bioinformatics analysis was utilized to determine the potential downstream targets of HOTAIR in PD.

Direct enantio- and diastereoselective Mannich reactions of isatin-derived ketimines with oxo-indanecarboxylates catalyzed by chiral thiourea derived from hydroquinidine.

A highly diastereo- and enantioselective Mannich reaction of isatin-derived ketimines with oxo-indanecarboxylates catalyzed by chiral thiourea derived from hydroquinidine has been developed. A series of 3-substituted 3-amino-oxindoles containing assembled bicyclic rings linked by a C-C bond were constructed by this protocol in excellent yields (92-99%) with high enantioselectivities (85-99% ee) and diastereoselectivities (up to >99 : 1 dr).

Preparation of prolinamide with adamantane for aldol reaction catalysis in brine and separation using a poly(AN-MA-β-CD) nanofibrous film host-guest interaction.

Prolinamides with double-H potential were prepared and employed as organocatalysts in asymmetric aldol reactions. The catalyst with adamantane showed improved catalytic activity, which was further enhanced by using brine as the solvent. A series of aldol reactions in brine at 0 °C provided good yields (up to 98%) with high diastereoselectivities (>99 : 1) and enantioselectivities (>99%).

Bifunctional Thiourea-Ammonium Salt Catalysts Derived from Cinchona Alkaloids: Cooperative Phase-Transfer Catalysts in the Enantioselective Aza-Henry Reaction of Ketimines.

An efficient enantioselective aza-Henry reaction of aryl α-ketoester-derived ketimines has been realized by using bifunctional thiourea-ammonium salt phase-transfer catalysts, which were derived from quinine. A variety of aryl α-ketoester-derived N-Ts ketimines were investigated, and the corresponding products were obtained in high to excellent yields (up to 99%) with good to high enantioselectivities (up to >99% ee).

Novel α-amino acid-derived phase-transfer catalyst application to a highly enantio- and diastereoselective nitro-Mannich reaction.

New quaternary ammonium types of bifunctional asymmetric phase-transfer catalysts bearing multiple hydrogen-bonding donors derived from α-amino acids were readily prepared and found to be highly efficient in the asymmetric nitro-Mannich reactions of amidosulfones. Very broad substrate generality was observed, and the products were achieved in high enantio-/diastereoselectivities (90->99.9% ee, 90 : 10 to 92 : 8 dr).