AI-augmented prediction of high-risk PINK1 variants associated with Parkinson's disease: integrating multilayered bioinformatics, MD simulation, and deep learning.

Parkinson's disease is a prevalent neurodegenerative disease, in which genetic mutations in many genes play an important role in its pathogenesis. Among these, a mutation in the PINK1 gene, a mitochondrial-targeted serine/threonine putative kinase 1 that protects cells from stress-induced mitochondrial dysfunction, is implicated in autosomal recessive Parkinsonism. However, the exact etiology is not well understood.

Emerging trends and global collaboration in Paclitaxel resistance research for breast cancer: a comprehensive bibliometric study.

Paclitaxel, a compound that targets microtubules in cancer cells and inhibits mitosis, has been used as a first-line treatment for recurrent or metastatic breast cancer for over three decades. Research into paclitaxel resistance has yielded thousands of articles. However, this body of research has not been analyzed systematically and quantitatively.

Single-cell technology reveals the crosstalk between tumor cells and immune cells: driving immune signal transduction and inflammation-mediated cardiac dysfunction in the tumor microenvironment of colorectal cancer.

Background: Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a heterogeneous illness influenced by intricate tumor-immune interactions and characterized by a dismal prognosis. Macrophage-mediated immunological signaling facilitates tumor proliferation and may associate inflammation in the tumor microenvironment (TME) of CRC with negative outcomes. Notwithstanding therapeutic advancements, resistance to treatment remains a significant obstacle.

Characterizing immune and metabolic profiles in autism spectrum disorder through combined transcriptomics-metabonomics analysis.

Background: Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASD) encompass a range of complex neurodevelopmental conditions marked by difficulties in social communication, restricted interests, and repetitive behavior. In this study, we explore the potential interplay between metabolic and transcriptional alterations in ASD, aiming to uncover common biological disturbances that may contribute to the phenotype across cohorts.

Methods: Transcriptional and metabolomic data for ASD and typically developing (TD) samples were sourced from the GEO database.

Chemical and mechanical modifications of flexible metal-organic frameworks for enhancing photocatalysis.

Postsynthetic modification (PSM) has been widely employed to enhance the functionality of metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) for applications such as gas storage, light harvesting, and catalysis. However, the critical role of framework flexibility in enabling diverse modification pathways and influencing framework properties remains underexplored. In this work, we demonstrate that flexible MOFs offer unique advantages for PSM, using the flexible PCN-128 as a platform for both chemical and mechanical modifications to enhance photocatalytic CO reduction activity.

Estimation of mesophyll conductance in Ginkgo biloba from the PSII redox state using a machine learning approach.

Mesophyll conductance (gm) has been proved to be one of the important factors limiting photosynthesis and thus affects the estimation of plant productivity and terrestrial carbon balance. However, beyond the leaf scale, gm is usually assumed to be infinite because of the unavailability of the estimating technology. In this study, we first verified the important role of gm on photosynthesis by utilizing a wide range of ginkgo (Ginkgo biloba L.

Targeting mRNA export complex macromolecules THO subunits (Thoc2 and Thoc5) for somatic cell reprograming.

Somatic Cell Reprogramming refers to the process of converting differentiated somatic cells back into a pluripotent state, similar to induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs), through molecular and cellular manipulation. This process enables biological systems to be reprogrammed for regenerative purposes. Our studies report the identification and structural prediction of the somatic cell macromolecules THO Complex Subunits 2 and 5 (Thoc2 and Thoc5).

Matrix-Rigidity Cooperates With Biochemical Cues in M2 Macrophage Activation Through Increased Nuclear Deformation and Chromatin Accessibility.

Macrophages encounter a myriad of biochemical and mechanical stimuli across various tissues and pathological contexts. Notably, matrix rigidity has emerged as a pivotal regulator of macrophage activation through mechanotransduction. However, the precise mechanisms underlying the interplay between mechanical and biochemical cues within the nuclear milieu remain elusive.

Boosting One- and Two-Photon Excited Fluorescence of Interpenetrated Tetraphenylethene-Based Metal-Organic Frameworks (TPE-MOFs) by Linker Installation.

Immobilizing organic chromophores within the rigid framework of metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) augments fluorescence by effectively curtailing molecular motions. Yet, the substantial interspaces and free volumes inherent to MOFs can undermine photoluminescence efficiency, as they partially constrain intramolecular dynamics. In this study, we achieved optimization of both one- and two-photon excited fluorescence by incorporating linkers into an interpenetrated tetraphenylethene-based MOF (TPE-MOF).

Development and validation of an explainable model of brain injury in premature infants: A prospective cohort study.

Background: Preterm brain injury (PBI) is a prevalent complication in preterm infants, leading to the destruction of critical structural and functional brain connections and placing a significant burden on families. The timely detection of PBI is of paramount importance for the prevention and treatment of the condition. However, the absence of specific clinical manifestations in the early stages of PBI renders it susceptible to misdiagnosis and missed diagnoses.

Dual Photoredox/Copper-Catalyzed Three-Component Alkylcyanation of Alkenes and 1,4-Alkylcyanation of 1,3-Enynes Employing Sulfoxonium Ylides as the Carbon Radical Precursors.

A novel dual photoredox/copper-catalyzed three-component alkylcyanation of alkenes and 1,4-alkylcyanation of 1,3-enynes have been developed. In this radical cyanoalkylation reaction, the photoredox induced alkyl radical from sulfoxonium ylides adds to the carbon-carbon double bonds of styrenes or 1,3-enynes, and the generated benzylic or allenyl radicals couple with a Cu(II) cyanide complex to achieve selective cyanation. The reaction exhibits high chemo- and regioselectivity and a wide substrate scope, providing an efficient method for the synthesis of alkyl nitriles and allenyl nitriles in a single step.

Nanocarriers Made of Natural Fatty Acids: Modulation of Their Release Profiles through Photo-Crosslinking.

Natural fatty acids are attractive carrier materials for drug delivery, but their rapid dissolution and degradation in vivo calls for new strategies to enhance their stability. Here we report a simple and versatile method capable of photo-crosslinking carriers made of natural fatty acids for drug delivery under controlled release. By optimizing the crosslinking density, the nanoscale carriers show a high drug loading efficiency, together with a stable network structure for minimal degradation in a body fluid mimic.

Notch signaling regulates limb regeneration through Hes1 and HeyL in the Chinese mitten crab.

Tissue regeneration is an efficient strategy developed by animals to compensate for damaged tissues, involving various types of progenitor cells. Deciphering the signal network that modulates the activity of these progenitors during regeneration is crucial for understanding the differences in regenerative capacities across species. In this study, we evaluated the expression profile and phenotypic function of Notch signaling during limb regeneration in arthropod Chinese mitten crabs.

A myogenic regulatory factor is required for myogenesis during limb regeneration in the Chinese mitten crab.

Myogenic regulatory factors (MRFs) are a group of transcription factors that regulate the activity of skeletal muscle cells during embryonic development and postnatal myogenesis in various vertebrate species. However, the role of MRFs in limb regeneration remains poorly understood in crustaceans. In this study, we identified a full-length cDNA encoding a myogenic regulatory factor from Eriocheir sinensis (EsMRF) and evaluated its mRNA expression profile during muscle development, growth, and regeneration.

Recent Advances in Carborane-Based Crystalline Porous Materials.

The field of carborane research has witnessed continuous development, leading to the construction and development of a diverse range of crystalline porous materials for various applications. Moreover, innovative synthetic approaches are expanding in this field. Since the first report of carborane-based crystalline porous materials (CCPMs) in 2007, the synthesis of carborane ligands, particularly through innovative methods, has consistently posed a significant challenge in discovering new structures of CCPMs.

confinement of ultra-small metal nanoparticles in redox-active zirconium MOFs for catalysis.

Herein, we successfully fabricated ultra-small metal nanoparticles into two stable Zr-based metal-organic frameworks redox reactions between triphenylamine and the corresponding metal ions to afford Pd NPs@1 and Pd NPs@2, which exhibit excellent activity and reusability for Suzuki coupling reactions as heterogeneous catalysts.

Neural Tissue-Like, not Supraphysiological, Electrical Conductivity Stimulates Neuronal Lineage Specification through Calcium Signaling and Epigenetic Modification.

Electrical conductivity is a pivotal biophysical factor for neural interfaces, though optimal values remain controversial due to challenges isolating this cue. To address this issue, conductive substrates made of carbon nanotubes and graphene oxide nanoribbons, exhibiting a spectrum of conductivities from 0.02 to 3.

Imaging Cell Signaling in Tissues Using the IBEX Method.

The study of cell signaling within tissues can be enhanced using highly multiplexed immunohistochemistry to localize the presence and spatial distribution of numerous pathways of interest simultaneously. Additional data can also be gained by placing the identified proteins into the context of adjacent structures, stroma, and interacting partners. Here, we outline a protocol for using the recently described IBEX method on tissues.

Visible light-promoted [3+2] cyclization reaction of vinyl azides with perfluoroalkyl-substituted-imidoyl sulfoxonium ylides.

Visible-light-induced [3+2] cyclization of vinyl azides with perfluoroalkyl-substituted imidoyl sulfoxonium ylides has been developed for the first time. In this transformation, perfluoroalkyl-substituted imidoyl sulfoxonium ylides are firstly employed as a carbon radical precursor under visible light irradiation, providing a new and efficient method for the construction of perfluoroalkyl-substituted 1-pyrrolines.

Adaptation of Glucose Metabolism to Limb Autotomy and Regeneration in the Chinese Mitten Crab.

Limb autotomy and regeneration represent distinctive responses of crustaceans to environmental stress. Glucose metabolism plays a pivotal role in energy generation for tissue development and regeneration across various species. However, the relationship between glucose metabolism and tissue regeneration in crustaceans remains elusive.

Association of Objective and Self-Reported Sleep Duration With All-Cause and Cardiovascular Disease Mortality: A Community-Based Study.

Background Previous studies found an association between self-reported sleep duration and mortality. This study aimed to compare the effects of objective and self-reported sleep duration on all-cause and cardiovascular disease (CVD) mortality. Methods and Results A total of 2341 men and 2686 women (aged 63.

Zr- and Ti-based metal-organic frameworks: synthesis, structures and catalytic applications.

Recently, Zr- and Ti-based metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) have gathered increasing interest in the field of chemistry and materials science, not only for their ordered porous structure, large surface area, and high thermal and chemical stability, but also for their various potential applications. Particularly, the unique features of Zr- and Ti-based MOFs enable them to be a highly versatile platform for catalysis. Although much effort has been devoted to developing Zr- and Ti-based MOF materials, they still suffer from difficulties in targeted synthesis, especially for Ti-based MOFs.