Oxic Methane Photoproduction in Global Great Lakes.

Lingering inconsistencies in global methane (CH) budgets have prompted huge efforts to estimate CH emissions from anthropogenic and natural sources. Herein, we report the spatiotemporal patterns of the oxic CH photoproduction potential in global lakes and its contribution to diffusive CH fluxes via a remote sensing based photochemical model and lab-determined photoproduction molar ratio of CH to CO (ΔCH/ΔCO). During the years 2011-2020, the oxic CH photoproduction potential in China's lakes (>100 km) ranged from 2.

Varied responses of inland waters to compound heatwave-drought events in the Yangtze River Basin.

Extreme heatwaves and droughts are coinciding more frequently worldwide, exerting far reaching and adverse effects on ecosystems and economic development. Nevertheless, our knowledge of compound heatwave drought events (CHDEs) and their negative impacts on inland waters remains relatively scarce. Our findings indicate that the average annual duration of heatwaves varies: 3-107 days in river segments, 4-69 days in directly connected lakes, and 2-71 days in controlled lakes in the Yangtze River Basin (YRB), China's largest basin from 1980 to 2022.

Episodic flooding causes sudden deoxygenation shocks in human-dominated rivers.

Dissolved oxygen (DO) sustains river ecosystems, but the effects of hydrological extremes remain poorly understood. While high river discharge (Q) enhances aeration, floods also deliver oxygen-consuming pollutants, making net impacts uncertain. Here, we analyze daily DO and its percent saturation (DO), and Q in 1156 Chinese rivers over three years.

Unearthing Vertical Stratified Archaeal Community and Associated Methane Metabolism in Thermokarst Sediments.

Thermokarst lakes are hotspots for greenhouse gas emissions across the Arctic and Qinghai-Tibet Plateau. Investigating the vertical stratification of archaeal communities in thermokarst lake sediments is essential for understanding their ecological roles and contributions to methane production. Here, we analysed archaeal communities along a depth gradient in thermokarst lake sediments.

Succession of Particle-Attached and Free-Living Microbial Communities in Response to the Degradation of Algal Organic Matter in Lake Taihu, China.

Decomposition of Cyanobacterial blooms frequently occurs in Lake Taihu, releasing various fractions of algal organic matter into the water through cell lysis. These fractions influence the production and consumption of dissolved organic matter, nutrient dynamics, and bacterial succession in the lake. However, the interactions between free-living and particle-attached bacterial communities with different algal organic matter fractions remain poorly understood.

[Identifying Seasonal Variation of Nitrate Sources in Mountainous Rivers at the Qiandao Lake Basin Based on Nitrogen and Oxygen Isotopes].

Qiandao Lake is an important source of drinking water in the Yangtze River Delta, and its ecological environment is of great strategic significance to the surrounding areas. To identify the sources and spatial distribution characteristics of nitrate （NO-N） pollution in the Qiandao Lake, we conducted, for the first time, the collection of water samples from four typical mountainous inlet river basins in the Qiandao Lake Basin, analyzed the concentrations of NO-N, and resolved different sources and their contribution in each water system by combining the N-NO and O-NO dual stable isotope analysis in R （SIAR） model. The results showed that： ① Nitrogen concentrations in the different watersheds were relatively low, with mean total nitrogen （TN） levels ranging from 0.

Terrestrial Organic Matter Inputs Modulate Methane Emissions from a Mega-Reservoir.

Reservoirs are hotspots for methane (CH) emissions. However, to date, the effects of terrestrial organic matter (OM) input and degradation on CH emissions from large reservoirs remain largely unknown. From May 2020 to April 2021, we conducted monthly sampling campaigns at 100 sites in Lake Qiandao (580 km), a mega-reservoir in China, and made monthly vertical profile observations from March to September 2023.

Climate warming and heatwaves accelerate global lake deoxygenation.

A widespread decline in dissolved oxygen (DO) has been observed in rivers, temperate lakes, and oceans, yet the impacts of climatic warming on global lake deoxygenation remain unclear. Here, we train data-driven models using climatic data, satellite images, and geographic factors to reconstruct surface DO and quantify the climatic contribution to DO variations in 15,535 lakes from 2003 to 2023. Our analysis indicates a continuous deoxygenation in 83% of the studied lakes.

Global trends and regime state shifts of lacustrine aquatic vegetation.

Aquatic vegetation (AV) is vital for maintaining the health of lake ecosystems, with submerged aquatic vegetation (SAV) and floating/emergent aquatic vegetation (FEAV) representing clear and shaded states, respectively. However, global SAV and FEAV dynamics are poorly understood due to data scarcity. To address this gap, we developed an innovative AV mapping algorithm and workflow using satellite imagery (1.

Rainstorm-induced organic matter pulses: A key driver of carbon emissions from inland waters.

Numerous rivers and lakes in the monsoon climate zone are heavily influenced by frequent rainstorms that mobilize dissolved organic matter (DOM) from pristine or urbanized environments into downstream lakes. Of particular concern is the mobilization of DOM from anthropogenic effluents, which are commonly enriched in aliphatic compounds that can be easily degraded by microorganisms. Rapid degradation of highly biodegradable DOM, in turn, may cause significant depletion of dissolved oxygen in the water, which, by creating anoxic conditions at the bottom water-sediment interface, promotes microbial production of CO and CH.

Photolysis triggers multiple microbial responses: New insights of phosphorus compensation for algal blooms.

Photolysis and microbial degradation enabling the rapid mineralization of organic phosphorus constitute the crucial mechanism for phosphorus compensation during algal bloom outbreaks in shallow lakes. This study explored the key pathways of microbial degradation of algae-derived organic phosphorus (ADOP) exacerbated by photolysis through molecular biology techniques. The results showed that photolysis could exacerbate microbial degradation, and the effects on microbial degradation were multifaceted.

EZH1/EZH2 inhibition enhances adoptive T cell immunotherapy against multiple cancer models.

Tumor resistance to chimeric antigen receptor T cell (CAR-T) and, in general, to adoptive cell immunotherapies (ACTs) is a major challenge in the clinic. We hypothesized that inhibiting the tumor drivers' methyltransferases EZH2 and EZH1 could enhance ACT by rewiring cancer cells to a more immunogenic state. In human B cell lymphoma, EZH2 inhibition (tazemetostat) improved the efficacy of anti-CD19 CAR-T by enhancing activation, expansion, and tumor infiltration.

Decrypting the phylogeny and metabolism of microbial dark matter in green and red Antarctic snow.

Antarctic snow harbors diverse microorganisms, including pigmented algae and bacteria, which create colored snow patches and influence global climate and biogeochemical cycles. However, the genomic diversity and metabolic potential of colored snow remain poorly understood. We conducted a genome-resolved study of microbiomes in colored snow from 13 patches (7 green and 6 red) on the Fildes Peninsula, Antarctica.

Environmental controls on the conversion of nutrients to chlorophyll in lakes.

Anthropogenic inputs of nitrogen and phosphorus to lakes have increased worldwide, causing phytoplankton chlorophyll concentrations to increase at many sites, with negative implications for biodiversity and human usage of lake resources. However, the conversion of nutrients to chlorophyll varies among lakes, hindering effective management actions to improve water quality. Here, using a rich global dataset, we explore how the relationship between chlorophyll-a (Chla) and nitrogen and phosphorus and inferred nutrient limitation is modified by climate, catchment, hydrology and lake characteristics.

Inflow-modulated inputs of dissolved organic matter fuel carbon dioxide emissions from a large hyper-eutrophic lake.

Terrestrial dissolved organic matter (DOM) is potentially reactive and, upon entering lake ecosystems, can be readily degraded to low-molecular-weight organic matter and dissolved CO. However, to date, there has been limited research on the links between long-term variation in the composition of DOM and CO emissions from lakes. Lake Taihu is a large, shallow, and hyper-eutrophic lake where DOM composition is strongly influenced by inputs from the rivers draining cultivated and urbanized landscapes.

Impoundment-induced stoichiometric imbalance exacerbated phosphorus limitation in a deep subtropical reservoir: Implications for eutrophication management.

Impoundments play a vital role as nutrient sinks, capable of retaining and exporting nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) at different rates. The imbalance in N and P stoichiometry relative to phytoplankton demand often determines the limiting nutrient of phytoplankton biomass in these systems. This critical factor has a substantial impact on the management of eutrophication, encompassing the formulation of nutrient control strategies and the setting of regulatory thresholds.

Substantial increase of organic carbon storage in Chinese lakes.

Previous studies typically assumed a constant total organic carbon (OC) storage in the lake water column, neglecting its significant variability within a changing world. Based on extensive field data and satellite monitoring techniques, we demonstrate considerable spatiotemporal variability in OC concentration and storage for 24,366 Chinese lakes during 1984-2023. Here we show that dissolved OC concentration is high in northwest saline lakes and particulate OC concentration is high in southeast eutrophic lakes.