Identifying subtypes of longitudinal motor symptom severity trajectories in early Parkinson's disease patients.

Background: Motor symptoms of Parkinson's disease (PD) patients affect their ability of daily activities. Identifying distinct trajectories of motor symptom progression in PD patients can facilitate long-term management.

Methods: A total of 155 PD patients were acquired from the Parkinson's Disease Progression Marker Initiative (PPMI).

Changes in dynamic and static functional connectivity in amygdala subregions in major depressive disorder treated with esketamine in and sertraline: A pilot study.

Introduction: Dysfunction in amygdala networks has been implicated in major depressive disorder (MDD). Pharmacological treatments, such as esketamine and sertraline, are believed to exert their antidepressant effects by modulating amygdalar activity. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between changes in dynamic functional connectivity (dFC) within amygdala subregions and treatment outcomes, with a focus on identifying potential neuroimaging markers.

Comparison of the accuracy of predictive models in early detection of clinically relevant posthepatectomy liver failure.

Background: Post-hepatectomy liver failure (PHLF) is a leading cause of perioperative mortality following liver resection. Early detection and prediction of clinically relevant post-hepatectomy liver failure (CR-PHLF) remain critical but challenging. Lactate has shown promise as a biomarker, but its predictive power when combined with other factors remains unclear.

The role and potential mechanism of immunoglobulin G N-glycosylation in gastrointestinal tumors.

Gastrointestinal tumors significantly contribute to cancer-related mortality worldwide. Early detection coupled with effective treatment significantly improves overall survival. Immunoglobulin G (IgG) N-glycosylation, a crucial post-translational modification, undergoes alterations in glycan structures.

Emulsifier-Free Emulsion Polymerization-Based Copper-Mediated Molecularly Imprinted Polymer for Vitamin B1 Extraction.

Here, we present a copper-mediated magnetic molecularly imprinted polymer (Cu-mMIP) as dispersive solid-phase extracting material (dSPE) for fast, selective, and specific extraction of a metabolic biomarker vitamin B1 (VB1) in complex biological matrices. With emulsifier-free emulsion polymerization using styrene and itaconic acid as functional co-monomers, Cu as central atom, and FeO nanoparticles (NPs) as core, the resulted Cu-mMIP addresses VB1's structural challenges (conformational flexibility, hydrophilicity) while enabling rapid magnetic separation (< 10 s). The Cu-mMIP demonstrates exceptional specificity for VB1, achieving an imprinting factor of 5.

N-Geranylated Amino Acid Surfactants with Low Critical Micelle Concentrations from Abundant, Naturally Derived Starting Materials.

In this work, a simple method for the preparation of N-alkylated amino acid surfactants in 1-2 steps is reported. These products perform comparably to existing ionic surfactants, with N-tetrahydrogeranylated serine having a critical micelle concentration (CMC) of only 7.4 mmol·L.

Translation Reprogramming Caused by tRNA Modifications Represents a New Therapeutic Target for Cancer Treatment.

Translation reprogramming-induced dysregulation of protein synthesis is a widespread phenomenon in disease progression, especially in tumor cells, where there is abnormally active protein synthesis to support the increasing demands of oncogene expression. This aberrant translation process contributes to various malignant phenotypes of tumors. In the process of protein synthesis, transfer RNAs (tRNAs) transport amino acids to the ribosome according to the codon sequence on mRNA to synthesize the corresponding peptide chain.

RNA language model and Graph attention network for RNA and small molecule binding sites prediction.

Motivation: The structural complexities enable RNA to serve as a versatile molecular scaffold capable of binding small molecules with high specificity. Understanding these interactions is essential for elucidating RNA's role in disease mechanisms and developing RNA-targeted therapeutics. However, predicting RNA-small molecule binding sites remains a significant challenge due to their conformational flexibility, structural diversity, and the limited availability of high-resolution structural data.

Impact of thyroid nodule location on the risk of papillary thyroid carcinoma.

Background: Thyroid nodules are a widespread disease in endocrine system. While ultrasound is the preferred non-invasive examination, it still has some limitations. The study aims to evaluate the correlation between the location of thyroid nodules and pathological diagnosis of thyroid cancer (TC).

Au-doped MoS nanozyme with self-cascade catalytic performance for one-step glucose detection application.

Glucose oxidase (GOx), which specifically catalyzes glucose oxidation, has been widely employed in constructing various biosensors for clinical screening of diseases such as diabetes and tumors. However, current GOx-based glucose detection methods suffer from limitations including high costs and tedious multi-step procedures. In this work, we developed a facile green aqueous-phase synthesis of Au-doped MoS nanomaterials with dual-enzyme activities.

Functional Connectivity Changes in Primary Motor Cortex Subregions of Patients With Obstructive Sleep Apnea.

Background And Purpose: Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is linked to cognitive impairment and altered motor-related brain networks. This study examined functional connectivity (FC) changes in subregions of the primary motor cortex (M1) in patients with OSA and their association with sleep structure, cognition, and clinical features.

Methods: Sixty-five patients with OSA and 65 healthy controls (HC) participants matched in age and educational background were included.

Tumor-Targeted PLGA Nanospheres Enhance Therapeutic Effect of Lenvatinib in Hepatocellular Carcinoma via Photothermal and Photodynamic Therapy.

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the most prevalent and aggressive forms of liver cancer, with limited therapeutic options and a high recurrence rate. Traditional treatments include surgery and systemic therapy, but systemic therapy has side effects, such as poor specificity, systemic toxicity, and drug resistance. Herein, we designed a multimodal diagnostic and therapeutic-integrated nanosphere for packaging and delivering lenvatinib (LVN).

Highly Responsive Dual-Function Deep-Ultraviolet Neuromorphic Phototransistors Based on Silicon Carbide Nanoparticle/2D MoS Heterostructures.

Two-dimensional (2D) semiconductors have been of great interest for phototransistors and neuromorphic devices in recent years because of their unique optical and electronic properties. However, the detectable spectral range and light absorption efficiency are limited for 2D-semiconductor-based phototransistors. Herein, we report a high-performance deep-ultraviolet (DUV) sensitive phototransistor by integrating molybdenum disulfide (MoS) with silicon carbide nanoparticles (SiC NPs) to form a van der Waals heterostructure (vdWH), which shows ultrahigh responsivity and detectivity, especially in the DUV spectral range.

Comparative analysis of the ten Tusscher and Tomek human ventricular cell models at cellular, tissue, and organ levels: Implications for post-infarct ventricular tachycardia simulation.

Computational modeling is a tool for exploring both normal electrical propagation in healthy hearts and cardiac arrhythmias in patients. While numerous human ventricular cell models exist, the ten Tusscher (TT2) model is one of the most used for simulating ventricular arrhythmia. Recently, the Tomek model has been proposed, offering improved accuracy by better reproducing key depolarization, repolarization, and calcium dynamics in healthy ventricular cardiomyocytes.

Ameliorative effects of Gly[14]-humanin on cyclophosphamide-induced premature ovarian insufficiency and underlying mechanisms.

Research Question: Can Gly[14]-humanin (HNG) improve cyclophosphamide-induced premature ovarian insufficiency (POI)?

Design: A POI model was induced in female rats by intraperitoneal injection of cyclophosphamide, followed by treatment with an intraperitoneal injection of HNG. Ovarian weight, ovarian index, regularity of the oestrous cycle, numbers of various types of follicle, hormone concentrations, and expression of the proliferation marker Ki67 were assessed in rats, and terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick-end labelling (TUNEL) staining was performed. The human ovarian granulosa cell line COV434 was exposed to the cyclophosphamide metabolite 4-hydroperoxy cyclophosphamide (4-HC), followed by HNG treatment.

Challenges to overcome in a randomised trial for Proper Understanding of Recurrent Stress Urinary Incontinence Treatment in women: the PURSUIT RCT.

Background: Recurrence or persistence of symptoms after interventions to treat stress urinary incontinence in women is common, but without robust evidence to base treatment recommendations.

Objectives: To investigate whether endoscopic or surgical treatments for stress urinary incontinence in women are effective and cost-effective.

Design: A multicentre, unblinded, parallel-group randomised controlled trial.

Assessment of hepatic steatosis in children with metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease using ultrasound derived fat fraction: first large-scale clinical evaluation.

Background: Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) is a growing public health concern among children and adolescents. This study aims to evaluate the diagnostic value of ultrasound derived fat fraction (uDFF) in quantifying liver fat in children with MASLD and to explore the correlation between uDFF values and various anthropometric and biochemical parameters.

Methods: This cross-sectional study included 230 children diagnosed with steatotic liver via ultrasound and 38 healthy controls.

Transcriptomic Profiling Reveals Lysine-Mediated Proliferative Mechanisms in Mongolian Horse Myogenic Satellite Cells.

Skeletal muscle satellite cells are muscle stem cells that play an important role in the growth, development, and repair of skeletal muscle as well as in the locomotor performance of the animal body. Lysine is the first limiting amino acid and is involved in multiple metabolic pathways in the organism to maintain overall physiological requirements. In this study, Mongolian horse satellite cells were cultured using lysine culture solution at different concentrations, and the proliferative capacity of satellite cells was detected by the cck-8 assay, and the optimal culture concentration was selected.

Sleep quality and renal function among Chinese incoming college freshmen: the mediating role of lifestyle behaviors.

Objective: This study investigates the association between sleep quality and renal function indicators, with a focus on how lifestyle behaviors mediate this relationship among Chinese incoming college freshmen during post-examination vacation period.

Methods: This cross-sectional study included 3,743 non-smoking, non-drinking freshmen from two universities in Xuzhou, China. Data on demographics, sleep quality, and blood biochemical indicators were collected through self-administered questionnaires, Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) and physical examinations.

From data to Diagnosis: How artificial intelligence is revolutionizing preoperative assessment of thyroid nodules and cancer.

Background: Thyroid nodules are frequently detected in the general population, raising concerns about the challenges of overdiagnosis and overtreatment. Artificial intelligence (AI) offers novel solutions for the preoperative evaluation of thyroid nodules. However, there has not yet been a comprehensive literature review on current applications.

Advantages, applications, and future directions of aptamer SELEX: A review.

systematic evolution of ligands by exponential enrichment (SELEX) emerged as a transformative technique for directly identifying aptamers within living organisms. Unlike traditional methods that often fail to capture the complexity of biological interactions in physiological environments, SELEX leverages whole living organisms as selection targets. This strategy significantly enhances the specificity, functionality, and physiological relevance of the selected aptamers, making them more viable for therapeutic, diagnostic, and imaging applications.

Systematic identification and analysis of WRKY transcription factors reveals the role of MrWRKY14 in .

Bayberry () is a significant subtropical fruit tree, renowned for its distinctive flavor and high nutritional value. WRKY transcription factors are a class of plant-specific zinc-finger proteins that play critical roles in plant growth and development, secondary metabolism, and responses to abiotic stress. However, there is currently limited information about the gene family in bayberry.

A Potential Field Method for Tooth Motion Planning in Orthodontic Treatment.

Invisible orthodontics, commonly known as clear alignment treatment, offers a more comfortable and aesthetically pleasing alternative in orthodontic care, attracting considerable attention in the dental community in recent years. It replaces conventional metal braces with a series of removable, and transparent aligners. Each aligner is crafted to facilitate a gradual adjustment of the teeth, ensuring progressive stages of dental correction.

Human papillomavirus in canine serum: evidence from a Chinese study.

Introduction: Human papillomaviruses (HPVs) are well-known for causing both benign and malignant epithelial growths in humans, but their occurrence in non-human species is rarely reported. Expanding the understanding of HPV's host range is essential for assessing its ecological and public health implications.

Methods: We investigated serum samples from dogs collected in Guangxi, China, between 2014 and 2020.