Iron-Manganese-Modified Hydrochar for Synergistic Stabilization of Antimony and Arsenic in Smelter-Impacted Soils.

Soil co-contamination with antimony (Sb) and arsenic (As) presents significant ecological and human health risks, demanding effective stabilization solutions. This study evaluated iron-manganese-modified hydrochar (FMHC) for synergistic Sb-As stabilization in contaminated smelter soils. Through 60-day natural aging and 30 accelerated aging cycles, we assessed stabilization performance using toxicity leaching tests (acid/water/TCLP), bioavailable fraction analysis, bioaccessibility assessment, and Wenzel sequential extraction.

Carbon emissions hotspots in the aquatic-terrestrial transition zone of boreal shallow lakes in arid semi-arid regions.

Lakes are important sources of greenhouse gases (GHGs), but the drivers of CO and CH emissions in the aquatic-terrestrial transition zone (ATTZ) of boreal lakes remain poorly understood. This study investigates CO and CH fluxes in the flooding (A), transition (B), and dry areas (C) of a boreal lake ATTZ. The results showed that CO fluxes peaked in the lake ATTZ during summer (85.

Multiresidue Analysis Method for the Determination of 477 Pesticides in Soil Based on Thorough Method Validation.

Pesticide residues have long been a critical concern in soil pollution investigation and assessment. High-throughput and simplified analytical methods are essential for pesticide residue screening. However, previous methods have been limited in their comparison with classical approaches, and their reliability has not undergone systematic validation.

Effects of semaglutide on metabolism and gut microbiota in high-fat diet-induced obese mice.

Background: The purpose of this study was to explore how semaglutide, a GLP-1RA, regulates serum metabolism and gut microbiota to improve obesity in mice and whether fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) can transmit the beneficial effects of semaglutide to recipient mice.

Methods: Male C57BL/6J mice were given standard diet (ND), high-fat diet (HFD), or high-fat diet with semaglutide (SHF, 100 μg/kg). Fecal microbiota transplantation was used to transplant the fecal suspension supernatant (MT) and bacteria (FMT) from SHF group mice to antibiotic-induced pseudo-germ-free mice.

Effects of pine needle essential oil on melanin synthesis in B16F10 cells and its mechanism.

The present study aimed to investigate the melanin synthesis effect of pine needle essential oil (PNEO) extracted using microwave-assisted extraction on α-MSH-induced B16F10 melanoma cells and its molecular mechanism of action. Cell Counting Kit-8 was used to measure the safe concentration of B16F10 cells after 24 and 48 h post-treatment. Tyrosinase (TYR) activity assay was used to examine intracellular enzyme viability; western blotting (WB) and reverse transcription-quantitative (RT-qPCR) assays were utilized to assess the transcription and expression of genes and proteins associated with melanogenesis.

Debromination of decabromodiphenyl ether (BDE-209) and bacterial community responses in aerobic and anaerobic soil microcosms.

Polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) are a class of persistent organic pollutants that may pose risks to human health and environmental biota, including soil microbial communities. These risks are further affected by a multitude of factors, including environmental conditions encountered in real-world settings. A comprehensive understanding of how PBDEs transform and microbial communities respond to the exposure under varying environmental conditions is paramount for assessing the ecological risks or identifying potential degraders.

Effects of Neuromuscular Electrical Stimulation on Quadriceps Femoris Muscle Strength and Knee Joint Function in Patients After ACL Surgery: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials.

Background: Quadriceps weakness is a common barrier to effective rehabilitation after anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) surgery. Neuromuscular electrical stimulation (NMES)-the application of electrical currents to induce muscle contraction-has been used as part of the postoperative rehabilitation regimen.

Purpose: To investigate the effects of NMES on the recovery of quadriceps strength and knee function after ACL surgery.

Activation of cGAS confers PARP inhibitor resistance in ovarian cancer via the TBK1-IRF3 axis.

Objectives: Ovarian cancer is a gynecologic tumor with the highest mortality rate worldwide. Nonetheless, chemoresistance remains a significant obstacle in treating ovarian cancer. PARP inhibitors (PARPis) are effective drugs approved for maintenance therapy in ovarian cancer.

Palmitoleic Acid Inhibits Hepatotoxic Effects by Reducing Trimethylamine--Oxide (TMAO) Formation in High L-Carnitine-Treated Mice.

Background/objectives: This study investigated the effects of palmitoleic acid (POA) consumption on liver function, intestinal microbiota, and trimethylamine--oxide (TMAO) levels in the serum of mice treated with 3% L-carnitine drinking water. The purpose was to highlight the impact of POA on liver injury associated with high L-carnitine intake.

Methods: A correlation analysis was carried out.

Online SFE-SFC-MS/MS analysis of pyraclostrobin and chiral mefentrifluconazole residues in mango and mango juice.

This study established an on-line SFE-SFC-MS/MS method for the determination of mefentrifluconazole (MFZ) enantiomers and pyraclostrobin (PY) in mango and mango juice. Key parameters of SFC separation and SFE extraction have been optimized for high efficiency, sensitivity, and environmental friendliness. Enthalpy controlled enantioseparations of MFZ were recognized by thermodynamic analysis.

Effects of Pine Pollen Polysaccharides and Sulfated Polysaccharides on Ulcerative Colitis in Mice by Regulating Th17/Treg.

This study was to investigate the effects of the polysaccharides (PPM60-III) and sulfated polysaccharides (SPPM60-III) of pine pollen on the Th17/Treg balance, inflammatory cytokines, intestinal microbiota, and metabolite distribution in 3% DSS drinking water-induced UC mice. First of all, the physiological results showed that PPM60-III and SPPM60-III could alleviate UC, which was shown by the reduction in liver Treg cells, the rebalance of Th17/Treg, and the modulation of inflammatory cytokines. In addition, the 16S rRNA results showed that PPM60-III and SPPM60-III could decrease and , and increase , , and .

Coupled Thermal and Power Transport of Optical Waveguide Arrays: Photonic Wiedemann-Franz Law and Rectification Effect.

In isolated nonlinear optical waveguide arrays, simultaneous conservation of longitudinal momentum flow ("internal energy") and optical power ("particle number") of the optical modes enables study of coupled thermal and particle transport in the negative temperature regime. Based on exact numerical simulation and rationale from Landauer formalism, we predict generic photonic version of the Wiedemann-Franz law in such systems, with the Lorenz number L∝|T|^{-2}. This is rooted in the spectral decoupling of thermal and particle current, and their different temperature dependence.

The Influence of Homologous Arm Length on Homologous Recombination Gene Editing Efficiency Mediated by SSB/CRISPR-Cas9 in .

The precise editing of genes mediated by CRISPR-Cas9 necessitates the application of donor DNA with appropriate lengths of homologous arms and fragment sizes. Our previous development, SSB/CRISPR-Cas9, has demonstrated high efficiency in homologous recombination and non-homologous end joining gene editing within bacteria. In this study, we optimized the lengths and sizes of homologous arms of the donor DNA within this system.

Portable and Flexible Hydrogel Sensor for On-Site Atrazine Assay on Agricultural Products.

There is growing attention focused toward the problems of ecological sustainability and food safety raised from the abuse of herbicides, which underscores the need for the development of a portable and reliable sensor for simple, rapid, and user-friendly on-site analysis of herbicide residues. Herein, a novel multifunctional hydrogel composite is explored to serve as a portable and flexible sensor for the facile and efficient analysis of atrazine (ATZ) residues. The hydrogel electrode is fabricated by doping graphite-phase carbon nitride (g-CN) into the aramid nanofiber reinforced poly(vinyl alcohol) hydrogel via a simple solution-casting procedure.

Phase and detuning control of the unidirectional reflection amplification based on the broken spatial symmetry.

In order to achieve the tunable unidirectional reflection amplification in a uniform atomic medium that is of vital importance to design high-quality nonreciprocal photonic devices, we propose a coherent closed three-level Δ-type atomic system by applying a microwave field, and a strong coupling field of linear variation along the x direction to control a probe field. In our scheme, the linearly increased coupling field destroys the spatial symmetry of probe susceptibility and effectively suppresses the reflection of one side; the microwave field constructs closed loop transitions to amplify the probe field and causes phase changes. The numerical simulation indicates that the unidirectional reflection amplification is sensitive to the relative phase ϕ and the coupling detuning Δ.

Coupling between 2, 2', 4, 4'-tetrabromodiphenyl ether (BDE-47) debromination and methanogenesis in anaerobic soil microcosms.

Polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) are persistent pollutants that may undergo microbial-mediated debromination in anoxic environments, where diverse anaerobic microbes such as methanogenic archaea co-exist. However, current understanding of the relations between PBDE pollution and methanogenic process is far from complete. To address this knowledge gap, a series of anaerobic soil microcosms were established.

The determination of underivatized chlormequat, fosetyl-aluminium and phosphonic acid residues in maize and soybean by LC-MS/MS.

In this study, a simple, rapid and sensitive method was developed for the simultaneous determination of chlormequat, fosetyl-aluminium and phosphonic acid residues in maize and soybean using liquid chromatography-triple quadrupole mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). Analytes were extracted with acetic acid solution, purified on an HLB column, and then filtered through a 0.2 μm hydrophilic microporous filter membrane.

Spatial susceptibility modulation and controlled unidirectional reflection amplification via four-wave mixing.

Control of unidirectional light propagation is of paramount importantance to optical signal processing and optical communication. Especially, the amplified optical signal can isolate noise well that may provide more applications. In this work, we propose a dynamically modulated regime to realize unidirectional reflection amplification in a short and dense uniform atomic medium, and all atoms are driven into four-level double-Λ type by two coupling fields with linearly varied intensities along x direction and two weak probe fields.

Study on the Dynamic Changes in Non-Volatile Metabolites of Rizhao Green Tea Based on Metabolomics.

The processing of tea leaves plays a crucial role in the formation of the taste of the resulting tea. In order to study the compositions of and changes in taste-related substances during the processing of Rizhao green tea, non-targeted metabolomics was used, based on UHPLC-Q Exactive MS. Totals of 529, 349, and 206 non-volatile metabolites were identified using three different detection modes, of which 112 secondary metabolites were significantly changed.

Significant methane ebullition from large shallow eutrophic lakes of the semi-arid region of northern China.

Eutrophic lakes are a major source of the atmospheric greenhouse gas methane (CH), and CH ebullition emissions from inland lakes have important implications for the carbon cycle. However, the spatio-temporal heterogeneity of CH ebullition emission and its influencing factors in shallow eutrophic lakes of arid and semi-arid regions remain unclear. This study aimed to determine the mechanism of CH emission via eutrophication in Lake Ulansuhai, a large shallow eutrophic lake in a semi-arid region of China.

Whole-tumor histogram analysis of apparent diffusion coefficient maps with machine learning algorithms for predicting histologic grade of sinonasal squamous cell carcinoma: a preliminary study.

Purpose: Accurate histologic grade assessment is helpful for clinical decision making and prognostic assessment of sinonasal squamous cell carcinoma (SNSCC). This research aimed to explore whether whole-tumor histogram analysis of apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) maps with machine learning algorithms can predict histologic grade of SNSCC.

Methods: One hundred and forty-seven patients with pathologically diagnosed SNSCC formed this retrospective study.

Two-color unidirectional reflections by modulating the spatial susceptibility in a homogeneous atomic medium.

Non-reciprocal reflections of optical signals are unusual yet fascinating to achieve the imminent applications of non-reciprocal photonic devices and circuits. The complete non-reciprocal reflection (unidirectional reflection) was recently found to be achievable in a homogeneous medium, if the real and imaginary parts of the probe susceptibility satisfy the spatial Kramers-Kronig (KK) relation. We propose a coherent four-level tripod model for realizing dynamically tunable two-color non-reciprocal reflections by applying two control fields with linearly modulated intensities.