Macrophage Metabolic Reprogramming in Inflammatory Bowel Diseases: From Pathogenesis to Therapy.

Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), encompassing two subtypes, ulcerative colitis, and Crohn's disease, is a chronic, non-specific gastrointestinal disorder with a complex etiology stemming from various factors. The incidence of IBD has been steadily rising in the past few years, causing great physical and mental strain on patients. Traditional IBD therapeutic drugs include anti-inflammatory drugs, immunosuppressants, and biologics; however, they may have serious adverse effects.

Differential expression profiles and bioinformatics analysis of microRNAs in brown adipose tissue dysfunction induced by chronic intermittent hypoxia in obstructive sleep apnea.

Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is a sleep-related respiratory disorder. Although recent studies have shown that OSA may be an alterable risk factor for metabolic syndrome (MS), the precise mechanism remains unknown. This study was designed with the purpose of identifying differentially expressed microRNAs (DEmiRs) in OSA-induced brown adipose tissue (BAT) injury.

From Gut to Lung: The Role of Bile Acids in Rheumatoid Arthritis-Associated Interstitial Lung Disease (RA-ILD).

Rheumatoid arthritis-associated interstitial lung disease (RA-ILD) is a serious complication of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) that significantly increases both morbidity and mortality. Although advances have been made in elucidating the pathogenesis of RA-ILD, the specific roles of bile acids remain underexplored. Bile acids are known to modulate immune responses, potentially influencing the inflammatory processes central to RA-ILD; however, their exact mechanisms and therapeutic utility remain unclear.

Advancements in clinical diagnosis and the application of auxiliary imaging in sarcopenic obesity.

Background: Sarcopenic obesity (SO) impairs physical function and mental health, and is frequently accompanied by comorbidities such as atherosclerotic heart disease, diabetes mellitus, and hypertension. These conditions increase the risk of osteoporosis and fractures, which may serve as early indicators of SO. With economic growth and an aging population, the prevalence of SO has significantly increased.

SsrA-based design of BacPROTACs for β-lactamase degradation in Gram-negative bacteria.

Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) challenges infection control amid limited antibiotic innovation. While bacterial proteolysis-targeting chimeras (BacPROTACs) degrade resistance factors in Gram-positive pathogens, their application in critical Gram-negative species remains unexplored. We engineered a Gram-negative-specific BacPROTAC, NacssrA-1, to degrade the β-lactamase CTX-M-14 ClpXP.

Hsa_circ_0081111 promotes the proliferation and metastasis of non-small cell lung cancer by regulating IGF2BP2-mediated stability of Slug mRNA.

Previous researches have indicated the oncogenic effect of circCOL1A2 in several cancers, such as tongue squamous cell carcinoma, gastric cancer, and colorectal cancer. Regrettably, the functions and mechanisms of circCOL1A2 in lung cancer, a disease with the highest global incidence and mortality rates and with 85 % of cases classified as non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), remain largely unexplored. Hsa_circ_0081111 (circCOL1A2) was identified from GSE236879 dataset of Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database.

Arylamine Photocatalyst-Induced Addition/Cyclization of 2-Allylaminobenzonitriles with -Difluoromethyl Radical for Assembling Phenanthridine Derivatives.

A transition metal-free photocatalytic addition/cyclization of 2-allylaminobenzonitriles with -difluoromethyl radicals has been developed, constructing phenanthridine derivatives in moderate to good yields. The strongly reducing arylamine was employed as a photocatalyst in the reaction, which tolerated tertiary amines and efficiently enabled the conversion of -difluoromethyl radical precursors into radical species. The obtained novel phenanthridine derivatives exhibited blue to green emissions at the range of 390-540 nm, showing potential application in fluorescent dye.

Update of machine learning for ultrasound diagnosis of metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease: a bright future for deep learning.

Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) is the most common liver disease and the burden is increasing around the world. Ultrasound diagnosis of MASLD is the preferred method due to its convenience, absence of radiation, and high accuracy. The application of artificial intelligence (AI) in MASLD diagnosis has been explored across electronic medical records, laboratory tests, ultrasound and radiographic imaging, and liver histopathological data.

Robot-assisted percutaneous pedicle screw fixation in thoracolumbar burst fractures: a comparative study.

The optimal treatment for neurologically intact thoracolumbar fractures remains controversial. Percutaneous pedicle screw fixation (PPSF) has been proposed for certain type AO/A3 fractures without neurological deficits; however, achieving satisfactory reduction remains challenging. This study applied robot-assisted PPSF and compared it with free-hand techniques to enhance treatment outcomes.

Family Planning Perceptions Among Residents in Orthopedic Surgery, Other Surgical Specialties, and Non-surgical Specialties: A Nationwide Survey Analysis.

Background Understanding family planning perceptions among medical residents across different specialties is crucial for addressing the challenges of balancing personal and professional responsibilities. This survey aimed to evaluate how residents in orthopedic surgery (OS), non-orthopedic surgical specialties (SS), and non-surgical specialties (NSS) view the factors that help or hinder family planning and perceptions of their specialty's support for family planning. We hypothesized that NSS residents would view family planning as more manageable compared to those in OS and SS.

Does Temperature Tolerance Increase in Long-Term Domesticated Under Constant Temperature?

The wide distribution of is largely due to its extreme temperature adaptability. In current studies, most scholars consider environmental changes to be the main factor affecting insect temperature adaptation. However, our previous studies have shown that the adaptability of to extreme temperature conditions can be strengthened through domestication.

Phase transitions in retrofitting urban drainage systems: a computational framework for adaptation-sustainability trade-offs.

Climate change is compelling nations to invest heavily in retrofitting urban drainage systems (UDSs). However, limited information can lead to inefficient resource allocation, exacerbating the redundancy-efficiency dilemma. Traditional decision-making methods, such as multi-objective optimization, fail to capture the nonlinear evolution of adaptation, as they are constrained by static scenarios and lack the flexibility to accommodate multiple adaptation pathways.

Virtual tactile feedback technology based on microcurrent stimulation: current status, challenges and future prospects.

With the rapid development of information technology, virtual reality (VR) technology and metaverse, which highlight personalized experience, have become hot spots in the development of information application industry. Visual, auditory, and tactile systems are the most common sensory systems used by human beings to perceive information about the external environment, facilitated by organs such as the eyes, ears, and skin, making it convenient and natural to interact with the outside world. The integration of virtual tactile feedback technology with audiovisual technology can further enhance the richness of interaction and achieve better immersion experience.

Development and Validation of a Machine Learning-Based Predictive Model for Postoperative Frailty in Patients with Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer and Its Relation to Early Recovery.

Purpose: This study was designed to evaluate the postoperative frailty status of patients with non-small cell lung cancer, identify influencing factors, establish a machine learning-based prediction model, and explore the correlation between frailty status at 3 months and early recovery at 1 month postoperatively.

Methods: This retrospective analysis included patients with non-small cell lung cancer who underwent surgery at our hospital from 2021 to 2024. Clinical variables, including demographics, tumor characteristics, treatment, and laboratory tests, were analyzed.

Spinal cord injury-derived exosomes exacerbate damage: miR-155-5p mediates inflammatory responses.

Spinal cord injury (SCI) is a critical event characterized by intricate pathogenic mechanisms. Although recent studies have highlighted tissue exosomes as key mediators of inflammatory responses in diverse organs and tissues, their role in SCI has yet to be determined. In this study, we investigated the role and mechanisms of spinal cord tissue exosomes in the inflammatory response following SCI.

The role of exosomal lncRNAs in mediating apoptosis and inflammation in UV-induced skin photoaging.

The skin, as the body's largest organ, functions as a vital barrier against environmental insults. Chronic exposure to ultraviolet (UV) radiation significantly contributes to premature aging, or photoaging, which leads to DNA damage and disrupts repair mechanisms. Exosomes, which are small extracellular vesicles, play a key role in cell-to-cell communication and might help mitigate the effects of photoaging by transporting bioactive molecules to skin cells.

Advances in hemiplegia rehabilitation: modern therapeutic interventions to enhance activities of daily living.

Hemiplegia severely impairs patients' abilities to perform activities of daily living (ADL), thus affecting their overall quality of life and independence. Often caused by stroke or other forms of brain injury, hemiparesis causes long-term impairment of upper and lower limb function, hindering the patient's ability to manage self-care. With advances in modern rehabilitation medicine, emerging therapeutic interventions such as electrophysiological feedback, virtual reality, and robot-assisted therapy are increasingly being applied to the rehabilitation of hemiplegic patients.

A comprehensive analysis of microRNA alteration in an ApoE(-/-) mice model of white adipose tissue injury induced by chronic intermittent hypoxia.

Background: MicroRNAs (miRNAs) represent a class of noncoding small RNAs and are implicated in many diseases. However, the role of miRNA in obstructive sleep apnea (OSA)-induced white adipose tissue (WAT) dysfunction remains to be fully elucidated. Using miRNA sequencing (miRNA-seq), we uncovered the miRNA expression profiles in chronic intermittent hypoxia (CIH)-induced WAT dysfunction mice.

Preference-independent saliency map in the mouse superior colliculus.

Detecting salient stimuli in a visual scene is crucial for animal survival, yet how the brain encodes visual saliency remains unclear. Here, using two-photon calcium imaging, we reveal a preference-independent saliency map in the superficial superior colliculus of awake mice. Salient stimuli evoke stronger responses than uniform stimuli in both excitatory and inhibitory neurons, with similar encoding patterns across both cell types.

Robot-assisted versus fluoroscopy-assisted kyphoplasty in treatment of severe osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures in the old patients: a retrospective study : Robot-assisted in treatment of severe OVCF.

Background: Although percutaneous kyphoplasty (PKP) is used to treat severe osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures (OVCF), the unsatisfactory effect of bone cement reduction and leakage is a concern. In recent years, the application of surgical robots in the field of orthopaedics has shown promising prospects. Since 2017, our hospital has used surgical robot-assisted PKP to treat severe OVCF.

Exosomes derived let-7f-5p is a potential biomarker of SLE with anti-inflammatory function.

This study found that in patients with SLE (n = 5), lethal (let)-7f-5p expression was significantly downregulated in peripheral blood mononuclear cells. Further, high-throughput RNA sequencing was used to mine the differential transcriptome expression in renal tissue exosomes of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE)-prone mice, and bioinformatics was utilized to analyze non-coding RNAs and coding RNAs in exosomes for their possible roles in SLE. In renal tissues of MRL/lpr SLE-prone mice with exosomes and Pristane-induced SLE mice, we also demonstrated aberrant expression levels of microRNA (miRNA) let-7f-5p.

Wearable fall risk assessment by discriminating recessive weak foot individual.

Background: Sensor-based technologies have been widely used in fall risk assessment. To enhance the model's robustness and reliability, it is crucial to analyze and discuss the factors contributing to the misclassification of certain individuals, enabling purposeful and interpretable refinement.

Methods: This study identified an abnormal gait pattern termed "Recessive weak foot (RWF)," characterized by a discontinuous high-risk gait on the weak foot side, observed through weak foot feature space.

Vision Transformer Based Detection Of Chronic Pulmonary Aspergillosis Lung Infections In Chest X-Ray Images.

Chronic pulmonary aspergillosis (CPA) is a lung infection caused by the fungus Aspergillus. The infection can occur when the immune system is compromised or there is damage to the lung tissue. Due to its rarity, physicians often do not consider CPA as an initial diagnosis and may not perform relevant tests, leading to a lack of targeted treatment in the early stages of the disease and potentially affecting the effectiveness of subsequent treatments.

Ectopic Overexpression of Rapeseed BnaNTL1 Transcription Factor Positively Regulates Plant Resistance to through Modulating JA Synthesis and ROS Accumulation.

Oilseed rape is one of the most important oil crops worldwide. Stem rot disease of rapeseed is caused by , posing a threat to oil crop yield. NTL is a small class of membrane-tethered NAC transcription factors, which are stored on the membrane in dormant form, released upon stimuli, and then transported to the nucleus.