Asymmetrical branched PEG-modified liposomes evade anti-PEG antibody recognition to abolish accelerated blood clearance and amplify tumor drug accumulation.

The prevalence of anti-polyethylene glycol (PEG) antibodies poses a significant challenge for the clinical translation of PEGylated liposomes, leading to an accelerated blood clearance (ABC) phenomenon and diminishing therapeutic effectiveness. To address this limitation, we designed an asymmetrical branched PEG derivative (mPEG-DSPE) and prepared mPEG-DSPE-modified liposomes, which included 1,1'-dioctadecyl-3,3,3,3'-tetramethylindo dicarbocyanine iodide liposomes (P-DiR) and mitomycin C lipid prodrug (MSC) liposomes (P-MSC) to minimize the binding of anti-PEG antibodies. Cellular binding assays revealed that the anti-PEG antibody binding rate for P-DiR was only 0.

Changes in extreme climate events during the tobacco growing season and risk assessment of climate disasters: A case study in Southwest China.

Tobacco is an important economic crop globally, yet its production is increasingly threatened by extreme climate events, which affect both yield and quality. This study explores the temporal and spatial evolution of extreme climate events during the tobacco growing season in Southwest China and assesses associated climate disaster risks. By applying a range of extreme climate indices, spatial analysis techniques, and a climate disaster risk assessment model, the study identifies significant trends in future climate scenarios.

Marine Natural Products as Drug Leads: A Recent Overview of Bioactivity and Mechanistic Insights.

The unique environment of the oceans has significantly contributed to the specificity and diversity of marine organisms, resulting in marine natural products (MNPs) that possess complex structures and a wide array of bioactivities. These products provide valuable biological resources and compound sources for the screening and discovery of marine drugs. In recent decades, MNPs have demonstrated remarkable and potent biological activities, garnering global attention.

Adh1-Car1 axis regulates dimorphic transition in Candida albicans by suppressing hyphal hyperelongation.

Candida albicans, a prevalent opportunistic fungal pathogen, employs dimorphic transition (yeast-to-hypha) as a central strategy for host tissue invasion and immune evasion. Although prior studies have linked ADH1 deletion to attenuated virulence phenotypes such as impaired hyphal formation, the molecular mechanism underlying this phenomenon remains elusive. Here, we report that ADH1 knockout strains exhibit a striking hyperelongation of hyphae, deviating from the characteristic branched architecture observed in wild-type strains.

Structural background of intraspecific color polymorphism and the driver of geographic patterns in a shining leaf chafer.

Background: The phenomenon of color polymorphism has been extensively documented in a range of animal species. A series of hypotheses have been proposed to explain potential functions of color variations in diverse habitats. However, the generation of color is an intricate physical, chemical and biological process.

Schiff base formed functional hydrogel dressing via-poly-L-lysine modified chitosan and oxidized dextran with the incorporation of epigallocatechin-3-gallate.

Hydrogel-based functional dressings for wound healing have garnered increasing attention due to their excellent hydrophilicity, adjustable mechanical properties, and superior biocompatibility. In this study, a composite hydrogel was facilely fabricated through the Schiff base reaction between-poly-L-lysine modified chitosan (CS-PL) and oxidized dextran (Odex). The formed hydrogel displayed the interconnected microstructure (100-200 μm), injectability, and adjustable mechanical properties.

Ultrasound-induced modifications in structure, antioxidant activity and functionality of whey protein isolate-propolis polyphenol conjugates.

In this study, whey protein isolate was conjugated with polyphenols via free radical reactions, using ultrasound treatment to enhance the bio-functional properties of the resulting conjugates. Ultrasound at 270 W for 20 min significantly improved the degree of conjugation compared to the traditional free radical method, as evidenced by higher levels of total phenolic and flavonoid content. Structural analysis revealed that the conjugates produced with ultrasound exhibited reduced α-helix content but increased β-turn and random coil structures, along with enhanced fluorescence intensity and surface hydrophobicity.

SMARCA1-NPFF axis inhibits colorectal cancer metastasis by blocking epithelial-mesenchymal transition and macrophage-dependent immune reprogramming.

Dysregulation of chromatin remodeling represents an essential driving factor for cancer development and progression. Our previous work demonstrated that increased inclusion of exon 13 during alternative splicing functionally inactivates SMARCA1, the catalytic subunit of the ISWI chromatin remodeling complex, to promote colorectal cancer (CRC) metastasis, but the precise mechanism underlying SMARCA1-mediated metastasis suppression remains elusive. In this study, through ATAC-seq and RNA-seq analyses, we established an inverse correlation between SMARCA1 activity and neuropeptide FF (NPFF) transcriptional output in CRC cell lines and clinical specimens.

An in vivo combined induction strategy of whole cancer cell vaccines triggers systemic immunity to eradicate triple-negative breast cancer.

Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) represents the most challenging subtypes of breast cancer, facing the clinical challenges of chemotherapeutic toxicity and immune related adverse events. Traditional therapeutic cancer vaccines, which have relatively low toxicity, also fail, due to a lack of vaccine immunogenicity. Herein, we developed an in vivo combined induction strategy of whole cancer cell vaccines (WCVs), based on sialic acid (SA)-L-selectin axis-mediated in vivo live-cell nano-drug delivery system (LCNDDS).

An Observational Study on the Pharmacokinetics of Levofloxacin in Lactating Atypical Pneumonia Patients.

Atypical pneumonia in postpartum women may alter drug pharmacokinetics (PK) through cytokine-mediated changes in vascular permeability, yet the breast milk disposition of levofloxacin in this population remains uncharacterized. This observational study aimed to compare levofloxacin PK in lactating atypical pneumonia patients ( = 10) receiving 400 mg once daily for 3 days with historical healthy controls and to assess infant exposure risks. Breast milk samples from subjects 6-10 were collected at predetermined time points (0.

Waste biomass durian shell carbon to derive N-rich porous microbial fuel cell anode for simultaneous dye degradation and electricity generation.

Waste biomass is an ideal material for electrode modification of low-cost and high-performance microbial fuel cell (MFC). MFC is mainly committed to effectively improve the power generation performance and degradation performance through anode modification. In this study, a biomass-derived N-rich 3D macroporous MFC anode (PPy-DSC/CF) with high conductivity, superhydrophilicity, and biocompatibility was successfully prepared by in-situ polymerization of pyrrole on the surface of carbonized durian shell (DS) using carbon mats as the substrate material.

Development and validation of machine learning-based survival analysis to predict outcome in gastric cancer with adjuvant chemotherapy: A multicenter, longitudinal, cohort study.

Objective: The previously integrated tumor-inflammation-nutrition (HI-GC) score has demonstrated dynamic monitoring value for recurrence and clinical decision-making in patients with postsurgical gastric cancer (GC). However, its failure to incorporate clinical-pathological factors limits its capacity for baseline risk assessment. This study aimed to develop a model that accurately identifies patients for adjuvant chemotherapy and dynamically evaluates recurrence risk.

Discovery of anti-inflammatory pyrrole alkaloids from Curvularia lunata CL1.

Two novel pyrrole alkaloids, pyrinoids A (1) and B (2), were isolated from the culture of Curvularia lunata CL1. Their structures were elucidated using extensive spectroscopic methods, including NMR, HRESIMS, IR, and UV, alongside electronic circular dichroism (ECD) analysis for absolute configuration determination. Both compounds exhibited significant inhibitory activity against lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated nitric oxide (NO) production in RAW264.

Portable Paper-Based Sensing Platform for Rapid and Simultaneous Measurement of Environmental pH and Soluble Reactive Phosphorus.

Accurate detection of bioavailable phosphorus (BP) is critical to mitigate freshwater eutrophication from excess phosphorus, but quantifying trace soluble reactive phosphorus (SRP) under real-world pH remains challenging. We present a portable paper-based electrochemical sensor for simultaneous SRP and pH monitoring in agricultural water. The platform establishes dual linear correlations: peak current-SRP concentration (LOD < 2 μM) and peak potential-pH (1-7) via square wave voltammetry (SWV).

Association of healthy lifestyle with excess risk of dementia in individuals with hypertension.

BackgroundThe extent to which hypertension-related excess risk of dementia can be mitigated or eradicated through lifestyle factor modification remains unclear.ObjectiveTo explore the association between lifestyle behaviors and hypertension-related excess risk of dementia.MethodsIn this prospective cohort study using data from the UK Biobank, participants were enrolled from 2006 to 2010 and followed up until December 2022.

Comprehensive analysis of adverse events associated with vortioxetine using the FDA adverse event reporting system.

Background: Vortioxetine is a novel antidepressant belonging to the class of selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors. This study aims to comprehensively analyze the adverse events (AEs) associated with vortioxetine by analyzing the FDA Adverse Event Reporting System (FAERS) database.

Methods: This study collected reports of vortioxetine as primary suspected drug in FAERS database from the fourth quarter of 2013 to the fourth quarter of 2023.

Antimicrobial efficacy of viridicatol derived from P. crustosum S14 against MRSA: Mechanistic insights from a comprehensive multi-omics analysis.

Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) presents a formidable challenge to public health, necessitating alternative strategies to address the superbug-related infections. This study systematically evaluates the antibacterial efficacy of Viridicatol, a compound isolated from the fermentation products of Penicillium crustosum derived from marine. Special emphasis was placed on its potent activity against MRSA USA300.

Recombinant Detoxified Holotoxin as a Potent Candidate Vaccine Against Botulism.

Vaccination may represent a suitable strategy for preventing botulism. The recombinant expression of toxin functional domains can induce effective immune responses against botulism. This study aims to develop a safe and effective recombinant detoxified full-length BoNTA vaccine.

Uncovering a novel biosynthetic gene cluster for sordarin through genome mining in the fungus Talaromyces adpressus.

To explore the chemical and biological diversities of diterpenoids from the fungus Talaromyces adpressus, a previously unknown biosynthetic gene cluster (BGC, tdn) for sordarin (a well-known fungal antibiotics) was discovered by leveraging the genome mining method. Heterologous expressions of key genes of tdn in Aspergillus oryzae, led to the determination of one new diterpenoid, cycloaraneosene-9-ol-8-one (4), and three known diterpenoids, cycloaraneosene (1), cycloaraneosene-9-ol (2), cycloaraneosene-8,9-diol (3). The structures of 1-4 was elucidated well via detailed analysis of 1D and 2D NMR, GCMS, HRESIMS, IR data, and comparison with reported data.

Super-stretchable, freezing-resistant and self-powered organohydrogels for extreme environment-adaptable high-performance strain sensors.

The rapid development of wearable sensors has indeed driven the demand for multifunctional conductive soft materials to new heights. However, conventional flexible strain sensors find it difficult to adapt to complex environments due to their poor mechanical properties, susceptibility to freezing deactivation at low temperatures and insufficient long-term stability. In this study, acrylamide (AAm), [2-(methacryloyloxy)ethyl]dimethyl(3-sulfopropyl)ammonium hydroxide (DMAPS), and octadecyl acrylate (SA) were copolymerized in a glycerol/water system by one-step photopolymerization, and PEDOT : PSS was introduced to construct a super-stretching antifreeze amphiphilic ion hydrogel (HADP).

[Temporal and Spatial Distribution and Risk Assessment of Microplastics in Multiple Media of an Urban River].

The increasingly serious pollution of microplastics （MPs） in urban rivers has attracted global attention. At present, there is a lack of research on the spatiotemporal distribution of microplastics in inland rivers. In order to understand the spatiotemporal dynamic characteristics of microplastics in urban rivers, water and sediment samples were collected from the Guanzhong section of the Weihe River Basin during the wet and dry seasons.

Dopamine-conjugated hyaluronic acid hydrogel interpenetrated by genipin crosslinked quaternary ammonium chitosan for potential biomedical adhesives applications.

Multifunctional hydrogel adhesives have emerged as promising candidates for advanced biomedical applications, particularly in surgical suture alternatives, hemostatic management, and regenerative wound care. This study developed an interpenetrating polymer network (IPN) hydrogel adhesive system through the synergistic integration of dopamine-functionalized hyaluronic acid (HA-DA) and genipin-crosslinked quaternary ammonium chitosan (QCS). The successful preparation of HA-DA and QCS was confirmed via H nuclear magnetic resonance (H NMR) and Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) analysis.

Interaction of PHGDH with IGF2BP1 facilitates m6A-dependent stabilization of TCF7L2 mRNA to confer multidrug resistance in gastric cancer.

Multidrug resistance (MDR) remains a significant barrier to effective chemotherapy and results in a poor prognosis for gastric cancer (GC). Exploring the mechanism of MDR is highly important for identifying biomarkers for MDR and developing new treatment strategies. In this study, integrative analyses of multiomics and bioinformatics data were combined with experimental validation to explore the mechanism of MDR in GC.