Gut microbiota and metabolites related intra-patient variability of tacrolimus pharmacokinetics predicted adverse one-year outcomes following kidney transplantation.

Kidney transplantation (KT) is an effective treatment for end-stage renal disease, with over 90 % of recipients requiring lifelong tacrolimus (Tac). However, The Tac pharmacokinetics exhibit high intra-patient variability (IPV), posing significant challenges. This study included 102 KT recipients at our center from October 2022 to December 2023.

High-Performance Polyimide Design: Machine Learning-Accelerated Multiobjective Optimization.

Polyimides (PIs) with superior transparency, mechanical robustness, and thermal stability are essential for advanced applications such as flexible electronics, foldable displays, and aerospace components, but simultaneous optimization of these properties remains challenging. Here, we present a data-driven multiobjective optimization framework for systematic polyimide design, supported by high-quality data sets extracted with the assistance of large language models. Leveraging robust machine learning models validated by the experimental synthesis and evaluation of five PI films, our method precisely predicts material performance and effectively deciphers complex structure-property relationships influenced by charge transfer complexes.

GLP-1 and GIP: Magic bullet for musculoskeletal diseases?

Background: Musculoskeletal diseases (MSDs) are prevalent health problems that have a chronic course and are closely related to metabolic disorders. Several incretins, including glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP) and glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1), which are secreted by enteroendocrine cells in response to food intake. In animal experiments, more and more evidence showed that there's a potential connection between GLP-1/GIP and musculoskeletal system cells (such as mesenchymal stem cells, osteoblasts and osteoclasts).

An atomic surface of an aluminum alloy induced by novel green chemical mechanical polishing using hybrid rare earth abrasives and mechanisms unraveled.

An aluminum (Al) alloy is a soft, plastic-like metal that is prone to embedding abrasives, scratches, corrosion pits, and deformation. Achieving an atomically smooth surface on an Al alloy presents a significant challenge. This study introduces a novel green chemical mechanical polishing (CMP) technique using hydrogen peroxide, tyrosine, sodium carbonate, and hybrid abrasives composed of silica, yttria, and ceria.

HWI encoding/decoding of a non-invasive HWI-BCI paradigm based on temporal variation abundance scale.

The performance of non-invasive Handwriting Imagery (HWI) input in Brain-computer interface (BCI) systems is highly dependent on the paradigms employed, yet there is limited research on interpretable scales to measure how HWI-BCI paradigms and neural encoding designs affect performance. This study introduces the "Temporal Variation Abundance" metric and utilizes it to design two classes of handwriting imagery paradigms: Low Temporal Variation Abundance (LTVA) and High Temporal Variation Abundance (HTVA). A dynamic time warping algorithm based on random templates (rt-DTW) is proposed to align HWI velocity fluctuations using EEG.

Two-phase rejective sampling and its asymptotic properties.

Rejective sampling improves design and estimation efficiency of single-phase sampling when auxiliary information in a finite population is available. When such auxiliary information is unavailable, we propose to use two-phase rejective sampling (TPRS), which involves measuring auxiliary variables for the sample of units in the first phase, followed by the implementation of rejective sampling for the outcome in the second phase. We explore the asymptotic design properties of double expansion and regression estimators under TPRS.

Activation of TLR4/CCL2 in Intact Neurons Drives Radicular Injury-Induced Global Nerve Trunk Hypersensitivity in Radiculopathy Preclinical Models.

Introduction: The distribution of pain in painful radiculopathy extends beyond the region innervated by the injured nerve. This phenomenon may arise due to the interaction between damaged nerve fibers and intact ones within the same nerve trunk. However, the underlying mechanisms remain unclear.

Catastrophic Outcome of Suspected Seventh-Day Syndrome After Liver Transplantation: Case Report and Literature Review.

Background: Seventh-Day Syndrome (7DS) is one of the early serious complications after liver transplantation (LT) with rapid deterioration and high mortality. The pathogenesis of such rare cases has not been clarified and effective intervention measures are lacking. This study describes the entire diagnosis and treatment process of a highly suspected 7DS patient, who ultimately died due to liver failure.

Characteristics and innovative points of clinical trials of radiotherapy combined with immune checkpoint inhibitors in NSCLC over the past decade.

Background: This study aims to statistically and qualitatively evaluate the characteristics of immunoradiotherapy (iRT) clinical trials for non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) registered on the ClinicalTrials.gov website over the past decade, to help researchers grasp current research trends and design higher-quality iRT clinical trials in the future.

Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional, descriptive study of interventional non-small cell lung cancer iRT clinical trials registered from 2014 to 2024.

With random regressors, least squares inference is robust to correlated errors with unknown correlation structure.

Linear regression is arguably the most widely used statistical method. With fixed regressors and correlated errors, the conventional wisdom is to modify the variance-covariance estimator to accommodate the known correlation structure of the errors. We depart from existing literature by showing that with random regressors, linear regression inference is robust to correlated errors with unknown correlation structure.

GD2-mediated impairment of macrophage phagocytosis drives pulmonary metastasis in osteosarcoma.

The lung is the most common site of metastasis in osteosarcoma, with pulmonary dissemination accounting for most of the disease-related mortality. Despite its clinical significance, the underlying mechanisms is poorly defined. To investigate the clinical relevance of GD2, we performed GD2 immunofluorescence staining on a cohort of human tumor samples.

Schiff base formed functional hydrogel dressing via-poly-L-lysine modified chitosan and oxidized dextran with the incorporation of epigallocatechin-3-gallate.

Hydrogel-based functional dressings for wound healing have garnered increasing attention due to their excellent hydrophilicity, adjustable mechanical properties, and superior biocompatibility. In this study, a composite hydrogel was facilely fabricated through the Schiff base reaction between-poly-L-lysine modified chitosan (CS-PL) and oxidized dextran (Odex). The formed hydrogel displayed the interconnected microstructure (100-200 μm), injectability, and adjustable mechanical properties.

Case Report: Iatrogenic intraperitoneal hematoma compresses the ureters leading to urogenic sepsis.

Background: Urogenic sepsis is a systemic inflammatory response syndrome triggered by infections of the genitourinary tract. It is characterized by complex etiology, atypical clinical symptoms, rapid disease progression, and difficulty in treatment, making it a focal point and challenge in clinical diagnosis and therapy. Although endovascular interventions are effective in treating conditions such as iliac artery thrombosis, they can also lead to complications such as arterial rupture and subsequent hematoma formation.

Genetic Diversity and Phylogenetic Relationships of in Xinjiang, China, Revealed by Mitochondrial and D-loop Sequence Analyses.

is a subspecies of the Eurasian beaver that has a relatively small population size compared to other subspecies. There is limited genetic research on this subspecies. In this study, mitochondrial cytochrome b () and D-loop sequences were analysed in genetic samples obtained from 19 individuals residing in the Buergen River Basin, Xinjiang, China.

5G-remote radical prostatectomy under novel robotic systems: a prospective comparative cohort study with local surgeries.

Background: There is no report upon the remote surgery of radical prostatectomy and comparisons between local surgeries. This study aims to evaluate the feasibility and safety of the innovative remote tele-surgical robotic platforms in performing radical prostatectomy.

Methods: The study comprised 13 patients diagnosed with prostate cancer who underwent remote radical prostatectomy using a 5 G wireless network and the innovative remote robotic systems (Tele-RARP).

Anisotropy of Single-Crystal Semiconductors in Photo(electro)Catalysis.

Anisotropy in single-crystal semiconductors has emerged as a key design principle for understanding and advancing photo(electro)catalytic systems. The exposure of well-defined facets in single-crystal semiconductors introduces anisotropic variations in atomic coordination, electronic structure, and surface energetics, giving rise to directional charge transport and facet-specific reactivity. Such intrinsic differences coordinate the entire photocatalytic process, from charge excitation and separation to interfacial reaction kinetics.

Interstitial lung disease induced by Toripalimab combined with disitamab Vedotin in upper tract urothelial carcinoma: a case report and literature review.

Background: Upper tract urothelial carcinoma (UTUC) is a rare subtype of urothelial cancer, accounting for only 5–10% of cases, and is characterized by aggressive biological behavior. Recent advances in immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) and antibody-drug conjugates (ADCs) have expanded therapeutic options for advanced UTUC. However, their combined use may increase the risk of immune-related adverse events, particularly interstitial lung disease (ILD).

Long-Term High-Fat Diet Affected Bone Marrow Microenvironment During Aging at Single-Cell Resolution.

Obesity and aging are major risk factors for diseases such as Type 2 diabetes mellitus, dementia, and osteoporosis. High-fat diet (HFD) consumption is one of the most important factors contributing to obesity. To elucidate and provide resources on how long-term HFD to aging (LHA) affects the bone marrow and solid organs, we established an LHA mice model and demonstrated that LHA caused a shift from osteogenesis to adipogenesis in the bone marrow microenvironment.

RIPK4-mediated MFN2 degradation drives osteogenesis through mitochondrial fragmentation and restricts myelopoiesis by blocking mitochondrial transfer.

Human RIPK4 mutation leads to Bartsocas-Papas syndrome (BPS), characterized by severe skin, craniofacial and limb abnormalities. Currently, our understanding of RIPK4's function has focused on epidermal differentiation and development, whether RIPK4 regulates skeletal homeostasis remains largely elusive. Herein, through global RIPK4 ablation in adult mice, we demonstrate that RIPK4 deficiency leads to osteoporosis, promotes myeloid-biased hematopoiesis and osteolineage RIPK4 plays a crucial role in bone formation and myeloid hematopoiesis.

Mediation analysis with the mediator and outcome missing not at random.

Mediation analysis is widely used for investigating direct and indirect causal pathways through which an effect arises. However, many mediation analysis studies are challenged by missingness in the mediator and outcome. In general, when the mediator and outcome are missing not at random, the direct and indirect effects are not identifiable without further assumptions.

Pellitorine protects chronic restraint stress-induced cognitive deficits via inhibiting neural inflammation and ferroptosis.

Background: It has not been known that pellitorine, an active ingredient of Piper sarmentosum Roxb. with therapeutic effects against epilepsy and anxiety disorders, has the neurological effects. Our study aimed to investigate the therapeutic potential of pellitorine in addressing chronic restraint stress (CRS)-associated cognitive deficits.

Prediction of postoperative infection through early-stage salivary microbiota following kidney transplantation using machine learning techniques.

Kidney transplantation (KT) is an effective treatment for end-stage renal disease; however, the lifelong immunosuppressive regimen increases the risk of infection, presenting significant clinical, and economic challenges. Identifying predictive biomarkers for infection onset is critical. In this study, 122 postoperative saliva samples from 39 KT recipients were analyzed using 16S rRNA sequencing, with 16 developing infections within one year.

Phase Separation Regulates Metabolism, Mitochondria, and Diseases.

As a physicochemical mechanism, phase separation is a spatial and temporal regulator of specific molecules within a cell, and it provides a new perspective for understanding cellular pathophysiology. Phase separation is closely associated with multiple metabolic processes in the body, including the regulation of key metabolic enzymes and the physiology of mitochondria. Mitochondria also regulate multiple physiological functions through phase separation, including protecting healthy mitochondria and mRNAs in oocytes and regulating crosstalk between nuclear and mitochondrial.

[Evaluation methods for the rehabilitation efficacy of bidirectional closed-loop motor imagery brain-computer interface active rehabilitation training systems].

The bidirectional closed-loop motor imagery brain-computer interface (MI-BCI) is an emerging method for active rehabilitation training of motor dysfunction, extensively tested in both laboratory and clinical settings. However, no standardized method for evaluating its rehabilitation efficacy has been established, and relevant literature remains limited. To facilitate the clinical translation of bidirectional closed-loop MI-BCI, this article first introduced its fundamental principles, reviewed the rehabilitation training cycle and methods for evaluating rehabilitation efficacy, and summarized approaches for evaluating system usability, user satisfaction and usage.