The promotion of liver vitamin metabolism is of great significance for laying hens during fasting.

Background: Induced molt is an effective measure to reduce the introduction cost, cope with the continuous rise of feed cost, and realize the prolonged rearing of laying hens as well. Vitamins are beneficial to the antioxidant capacity and reproductive performance of laying hens, however, studies on vitamin metabolism during fasting are rarely reported.

Results: We analyzed the association between cecal metabolome and liver transcriptome of laying hens during molt.

Solar-Driven Dual-functional Adsorvaporator Enabling Efficient Lithium Concentration and Freshwater Generation with Life Cycle Assessment Evaluation.

Solar vapor generation (SVG) has emerged as a sustainable and energy-efficient strategy for freshwater production and mineral extraction from brines. Here, the intrinsic water-salt ion transport characteristics of SVG are harnessed to develop a dual-functional "adsorvaporator"-an upcycled hybrid platform that seamlessly integrates simultaneous lithium adsorption/concentration and solar vapor generation. This adsorvaporator is constructed from a molybdenum disulfide (MoS) photothermal components- and HMnO (HMO) ion sieves- embedded acrylamide hydrogel (MHA) with anti-salt and saturated lithium adsorption capabilities, which can enable synergistic lithium recovery and high-performance water evaporation.

A systematic comparison of short-term and long-term mortality prediction in acute myocardial infarction using machine learning models.

Background And Objective: The machine learning (ML) models for acute myocardial infarction (AMI) are considered to have better predictive ability for mortality compared to conventional risk scoring models. However, previous ML prediction models have mostly been short-term (1 year or less) models. Here, we established ML models for long-term prediction of AMI mortality (5 years or 10 years) and systematically compare the predictive capabilities of short-term models versus long-term models across varying survival time periods.

transmission electron microscopy characterization and manipulation of the morphology, composition and phase evolution of nanomaterials under microenvironmental conditions.

Nanomaterials possess a broad range of applications in areas such as catalysis, energy, and biomedicine because of their unique properties. However, from the perspective of materials synthesis, there are numerous challenges in the controllable preparation of nanomaterials. These include the control of their size, morphology, crystal structure, and surface properties, which are essential for their performance in specific applications.

Electrocatalytic CO Reduction to C Products via Enhanced C─C Coupling Over Cu-based Catalysts: Dynamic Reaction and Regulation Mechanism.

Benefiting from the optimal interaction strength between Cu and reactants, Cu-based catalysts exhibit a unique capability of facilitating the formation of various multi-carbon products in electricity-driven CO reduction reactions (COERR). Nonetheless, the COERR process on these catalysts is characterized by intricate polyproton-electron transfer mechanisms that are frequently hindered by high energy barriers, sluggish reaction kinetics, and low C─C coupling efficiency. This review employs advanced characterization techniques, such as sum frequency generation technology, to provide a comprehensive analysis of the COERR mechanism on the Cu surface, examining it from both spatial and temporal dimensions and proposing a spatial-temporal coupling reaction mechanism.

Cinnamic acid alleviates hypertensive left ventricular hypertrophy by antagonizing the vasopressor activity and the pro-cardiac hypertrophic signaling of angiotensin II.

Background: Hypertension is the most common cause of pathological left ventricular hypertrophy, a condition causally associated with debilitating heart failure and cardiovascular events in hypertensive patients. It is well recognized that the disease burden of hypertension-linked heart failure remains unabated with existing treatments. New therapies controlling hypertensive left ventricular hypertrophy are thus required to decelerate or prevent the development of heart failure.

Effectiveness of combining Qingyanyin formulated granules with press needles in treating abdominal obesity: a multicenter randomized controlled trial.

Objective: To assess the efficacy and safety of the Qingyanyin formulated granules (, QYY), press needles (PN), and their combined application in addressing abdominal obesity (AO). This trial aims to offer a more scientifically grounded therapeutic regimen for clinical interventions.

Methods: From March 2021 to July 2021, a multicenter, triple blind, randomized 2 × 2 factorial design clinical trial was conducted across 7 centers in 4 major cities within mainland China.

The impact of oral postbiotics on the restoration of pelvic floor muscle function.

Aim: To elucidate the efficacy and underlying mechanisms of postbiotics in ameliorating stress urinary incontinence (SUI) in a rat model.

Methods: SUI model was established via pelvic floor injury and bilateral ovariectomy to simulate postmenopausal conditions. Following successful model induction, subjects were randomly allocated into control, model, positive drug, and experimental groups.

Exploring the metabolic patterns and response mechanisms of bile acids during fasting: A study with poultry as an example.

Fasting is beneficial to alleviate fatty liver, lose weight and improve reproductive function. However, previous studies have shown that, during fasting, disorders of bile acid metabolism were strongly associated with intestinal inflammation. The physiological and biochemical parameters and gene expression of multiple tissues of chickens at every critical time node were measured by ELISA and qPCR.

SARS-CoV-2 Vaccine-Elicited Antibody Responses in Human Milk.

Background: SARS-CoV-2 mRNA-LNP immunizations significantly reduce severe coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) disease and have been widely administered throughout the world including those who are pregnant and postpartum. However, our understanding of the immune response within the context of pregnancy and breastfeeding, especially the antibody kinetics and function within the breast milk compartment, is limited. To address this gap, we studied longitudinal blood and breast milk samples from lactating women throughout the primary immunization schedule and for several months after.

Solution-Processable Microstructuring of 1T'-Phase Janus MoSSe Monolayers for Boosted Hydrogen Production.

Janus monolayers of transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs) offer versatile applications due to their tunable polymorphisms. While previous studies focused on conventional 2H-phase Janus monolayers, the scalable synthesis of an unconventional 1T' phase remains challenging. We present a novel solution strategy for fabricating Janus 1T'-MoOSe and MoSSe monolayers by growing sandwiched Se-Mo-O/S shells onto Au nanocores.

Achieving "Ion Diode" Salt Resistance in Solar Interfacial Evaporation by a Tesla Valve-Like Water Transport Structure.

Salt deposition is a disturbing problem that limits the development of passive solar-driven interfacial evaporation. Inspired by the passive fluid control mechanism of the Tesla valve, a novel solar evaporator is proposed with a Tesla valve-like water transport structure to prevent salt accumulation at the evaporation interface. A unique "ion diode" salt resistance of this evaporator is significantly achieved by optimizing the two asymmetric water transport structures, consisting of one Tesla valve-like side and one wide-leg side, which establish a reverse-suppressing and forward-accelerating water transport channel.

Modulation of Photoinduced Phase Segregation and Stress-Driven Nanoscale Cracking in Hybrid Halide Perovskite Solar Cells.

The negative effect of photoinduced halide segregation (PIHS) on the properties of hybrid halide perovskites poses a major obstacle for its future commercial application. Therefore, the in-depth understanding of halide-ion segregation and its causes is an urgent and intractable problem. When PIHS reaches a certain threshold, it will aggravate the deterioration of the film surface morphology and form nanoscale cracks.

Numerical Simulation Technologies in Solar-Driven Interfacial Evaporation Processes.

Solar interfacial evaporation technology has the advantages of environmentally conscious and sustainable benefits. Recent research on light absorption, water transportation, and thermal management has improved the evaporation performance of solar interfacial evaporators. However, many studies on photothermal materials and structures only aim to improve performance, neglecting explanations for heat and mass transfer coupling or providing evidence for performance enhancement.

The longitudinal contribution of mapping to arithmetic: Do numeral knowledge, inhibition or analogical reasoning matter?

Background: Recent studies have revealed the association between mapping and arithmetic (Ferres-Forga et al., J. Numer.

SARS-CoV-2 vaccination, booster, and infection in pregnant population enhances passive immunity in neonates.

The effects of heterogeneous infection, vaccination and boosting histories prior to and during pregnancy have not been extensively studied and are likely important for protection of neonates. We measure levels of spike binding antibodies in 4600 patients and their neonates with different vaccination statuses, with and without history of SARS-CoV-2 infection. We investigate neutralizing antibody activity against different SARS-CoV-2 variant pseudotypes in a subset of 259 patients and determined correlation between IgG levels and variant neutralizing activity.

Transitions in patterns of caregiver involvement before and during the COVID-19 pandemic: A latent transition analysis.

This retrospective study investigated transitions in patterns of caregiver involvement before and during COVID-19 and their antecedents and consequences. A total of 504 young children (age: ±  = 49.92 ± 4.

Probiotics and vitamins modulate the cecal microbiota of laying hens submitted to induced molting.

Induced molting enables laying hens to relax, restore energy and prolong the laying hen cycle, resolving problems such as poor egg quality and minimizing economic losses caused by rising global feeding costs. However, traditional molting methods may disrupt gut microflora and promote potential pathogens infections. This study used a customized additive with a mixture of probiotics and vitamins to induce molting and examine the cecal microbiota post molting.

Comparative Analysis of Complete Mitochondrial Genome of (Jordan and Snider, 1900), Revealing Gene Rearrangement and the Phylogenetic Relationships of Anguilliformes.

The mitochondrial genome structure of a teleostean group is generally considered to be conservative. However, two types of gene arrangements have been identified in the mitogenomes of Anguilliformes. In this study, we report the complete mitochondrial genome of (Anguilliformes (Congridae)).

Effects of non-fasting molting on performance, oxidative stress, intestinal morphology, and liver health of laying hens.

Animal welfare concerns in laying-hen production facilities have necessitated research on alternative strategies for improving egg production and hen health. At present, most laying-hen facilities in China use the fasting method, but with international emphasis on animal welfare, scholars have begun to find ways to improve production efficiency while ensuring animal welfare standards are adhered to. Therefore, this study investigated the effects of non-fasting molting on production performance, oxidative stress, intestinal morphology, and liver health of laying hens.

The Effect of Liquid-Solid Interactions upon Nucleate Boiling on Rough Surfaces: Insights from Molecular Dynamics.

Despite the fact that engineered surface enabling remarkable phase change heat transfer have elicited increasing attention due to their ubiquitous applications in thermal management, the underlying mechanisms of intrinsic rough structures as well as the surface wettability on bubble dynamics remain to be explored. Therefore, a modified molecular dynamics simulation of nanoscale boiling was conducted in the present work to investigate bubble nucleation on rough nanostructured substrates with different liquid-solid interactions. Specifically, the initial stage of nucleate boiling was mainly investigated and the bubble dynamic behaviors were quantitively studied under different energy coefficients.

One-Step Electrochemical Synthesis and Surface Reconstruction of NiCoP as an Electrocatalyst for Bifunctional Water Splitting.

We adopted a simple one-step electrochemical deposition to acquire an efficient nickel cobalt phosphorus (NiCoP) catalyst, which avoided the high temperature phosphatization engineering involved in the traditional synthesis method. The effects of electrolyte composition and deposition time on electrocatalytic performance were studied systematically. The as-prepared NiCoP achieved the lowest overpotential (η = 111 mV in the acidic condition and η = 120 mV in the alkaline condition) for the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER).

Placental pathology, neonatal birth weight, and Apgar score in acute and distant SARS-CoV-2 infection.

Background: Most research on severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection during pregnancy has been on acute infections with limited data on the effect of distant infection.

Aim: We examined placental pathology and neonatal outcomes in distant SARS-CoV-2 infection earlier in pregnancy compared to acute infections late in pregnancy/at birth and to non-SARS-CoV-2 infected patients with other placental pathologies/clinical presentations.

Methods: Placentas birthed to unvaccinated patients with SARS-CoV-2 reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) testing and serology testing results from time of delivery were included in this study.