Neural correlates of rumination and social anxiety: Mediating role of vmPFC connectivity in resting-state fMRI.

Rumination is closely associated with social anxiety and is considered a key cognitive factor in its onset and persistence. Both processes engage brain functions related to self-referential cognition and emotional regulation; however, the neural pathways linking rumination and social anxiety remain incompletely understood. Using resting-state neuroimaging data from 470 participants, we conducted voxel-based functional connectivity analysis focusing on the ventromedial prefrontal cortex (vmPFC), a key region implicated in self-referential processing and affective regulation.

miR-6497-5p suppresses AcMNPV infection by targeting organic cation transport protein in silkworm, Bombyx mori.

Baculovirus is a multipurpose virus with a wide range of applications, such as protein expression, disease therapy, biocontrol, and so forth. It is of great significance to elucidate the mechanisms of their application as biopesticides, since insect resistance to viruses limits their application. Autographa californica nucleopolyhedrovirus (AcMNPV) is a representative species of α-baculovirus, and the silkworm is an ideal model organism for Lepidoptera.

Transcriptomic Dynamics of Rice Varieties with Differential Cold Tolerance Under Low-Temperature Stress During Grain-Filling Stage.

Low-temperature stress during the grain-filling stage negatively affects rice grain quality and yield. Understanding the physiological and molecular mechanisms underlying cold tolerance is critical for breeding rice varieties with improved resilience. In this study, eight rice varieties with differential cold tolerance-LD1603, 13108, LD18, and 4-1021 (cold-tolerant) and LD3, LD4, LD121, and LD1604 (cold-sensitive)-were subjected to 17.

Large-scale evaluation of soybean germplasm reveals geographic patterns in shade tolerance and identifies elite genotypes for intercropping systems.

Shade tolerance is crucial for developing soybean varieties that are well-suited for intercropping systems. This study evaluated 460 soybean accessions from a global germplasm collection at two contrasting locations in China: Heilongjiang (HLJ) and Inner Mongolia (NM). The experiment used a split-plot design within a randomized complete block setup, with three replications at each site.

Noncoding RNAs as regulators of FOSL1 in cancer.

The AP-1 transcription factor FOSL1, also known as Fra-1, is a crucial oncoprotein that plays an important role in human tumor progression and metastasis and has thus emerged as a promising therapeutic target. FOSL1 regulates the expression of a large protein-coding gene network, and this molecular mechanism can promote the progression of tumors. Interestingly, recent studies have shown that FOSL1 can also achieve the same protumor effect by regulating certain noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs).

A forward flux sampling based iterative method to reconstruct recrossing eliminated evaluation of reaction rate.

Rare events are a common yet challenging topic in many fields of interest. Among many importance-sampling-based rare event simulation methods, forward flux sampling (FFS), established on the effective positive flux framework, is a widely used rare event sampling method due to its simplicity and less restrictive nature. FFS is commonly assumed to work well under diffusive regimes, whereas for correlated systems, the initial flux simulation needs to be either sufficiently long or initiated from multiple uncorrelated starting points to sample a sufficient number of uncorrelated points, and the short timescale recrossing over the energy barrier may result in a potentially overestimated reaction rate.

Ultrasoft and fast self-healing poly(ionic liquid) electrode for dielectric elastomer actuators.

Dielectric elastomer actuators (DEAs) exhibit large actuation strains, lightweight, and fast response, making them a promising candidate for soft robotics and soft grippers. Ionogels have been used as the electrodes in DEAs to offer thermostability and self-healability, however, typically the elastic modulus of the self-healing ionogel electrodes is of several tens of kPa (or higher), limiting the actuation strain performance and self-healing speed of the DEA. In this work, a poly(ionic liquid) (PIL) electrode with an ultralow elastic modulus of 3.

Nitric Oxide Donor and Minoxidil Co-Loaded Microneedles Improving Hair Loss Treatment.

The local application of minoxidil tincture has been widely used clinically for the treatment of androgenetic alopecia (AGA). However, there are significant limitations, including ineffectiveness on its own, poor patient compliance, and low transdermal absorption. Microneedles (MNs) can puncture the stratum corneum painlessly and increase drug absorption through the skin.

Comprehensively characterize the soybean CAM/CML gene family, as it provides resistance against both the soybean mosaic virus and pathogens.

Introduction: Calmodulin (CAM) and calmodulin-like (CML) proteins are essential calcium sensors that mediate plant responses to biotic and abiotic stresses. In soybean (Glycine max L. Merr.

Depression links to unstable resting-state brain dynamics: insights from hidden markov models and functional network variability.

Background: Depression is closely associated with abnormalities in brain function. Traditional static functional connectivity analyses offer limited insight into the temporal variability of brain activity. Recent advances in dynamic analyses enable a deeper understanding of how depression relates to temporal fluctuations in brain activity.

Alleviating effect of vine tea on infection revealed by small RNA transcriptome analyses of loach liver.

Vine tea () is a widely used Chinese herb with a long history of application in southern China, known for its notable anti-infective, antibacterial and immunomodulatory pharmacological properties. It has potential for application in aquaculture as an inexpensive and readily available dietary supplement, promoting growth, antioxidant activity, and immune regulation in fish. However, there have been very few studies investigating the effects of vine tea on fish miRNAs.

Fearless to satisfy curiosity? Longitudinal relationships of sensitivity to reward and punishment with curiosity and the functional connectivity basis.

Curiosity, the intrinsic drive to know by acquiring novel information and experiencing novel stimuli, is widely regarded as a fundamental desire for exploration. Information is often perceived as a reward, and curiosity can manifest as the intense, even fearless, pursuit of potential rewards. However, curiosity is also considered to be a rational process, requiring individuals to weigh potential risks against anticipated benefits.

MM-3D Unet: development of a lightweight breast cancer tumor segmentation network utilizing multi-task and depthwise separable convolution.

Background And Objectives: This paper introduces a novel lightweight MM-3DUNet (Multi-task Mobile 3D UNet) network designed for efficient and accurate segmentation of breast cancer tumors masses from MRI images, which leverages depth-wise separable convolutions, channel expansion units, and auxiliary classification tasks to enhance feature representation and computational efficiency.

Methods: We propose a 3D depth-wise separable convolution, and construct channel expansional convolution (CEC) unit and inverted residual block (IRB) to reduce the parameter count and computational load, making the network more suitable for use in resource-constrained environments. In addition, an auxiliary classification task (ACT) is introduced in the proposed architecture to provide additional supervisory signals for the main task of segmentation.

A Passive Sweat-Responsive Thermoregulatory Textile with the Largest Thermal Comfort Zone.

Maintaining the human body temperature within the thermally comfortable range under volatile temperatures and environments is critical from both the perspectives of human health and energy saving. Therefore, developing thermoregulatory textiles that have a large comfort zone in response to complex environmental temperature changes has been persistently pursued. Here, we demonstrate that a passive sweat-responsive thermoregulatory (PSRT) textile, composed of a unidirectional liquid-transported polycaprolactam (PA6)/metal bilayer, can tune mid-infrared (MIR) radiation and sweat evaporation simultaneously, thus achieving a substantial expansion of the thermal comfort zone in response to dynamic conditions.

Gegen Qinlian Decoction protects kidney in diabetic rats by improving intestinal barrier and regulating intestinal microbiota.

Objectives: To investigate the renoprotective effects of Gegen Qinlian Decoction (GQD) in Diabetes mellitus (DM) rats via the intestinal barrier and microbiota.

Methods: GQD was analyzed by UPLC. STZ-induced DM rat models and antibiotic-induced sterile DM rat models were established, and fecal microbiota transplantation was performed in the latter.

Traditional Chinese Medicines for Alzheimer's Disease: Current Knowledge, Clinical Applications, and Future Directions.

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a prevalent neurodegenerative disorder that poses a significant challenge to the health of the global aging population. Despite extensive research, the complex mechanisms underlying AD pathogenesis remain largely elusive. In recent years, a growing number of clinical studies have demonstrated the preventive and therapeutic potential of Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) against AD through multiple pathways, targets, and compounds.

Pathogenic diversity and fungicide sensitivity of soybean root rot oomycetes in Heilongjiang Province, China.

Background: Soybean root rot is a global threat to soybean yield and quality caused by several pathogens, which vary in fungicide sensitivity. Management is challenging due to fungicide resistance and limited synergistic strategies. To understand the pathogenic diversity, the pathogens causing soybean root rot in Heilongjiang Province were identified.

Soybean productivity can be enhanced by understanding rhizosphere microbiota: evidence from metagenomics analysis from diverse agroecosystems.

Background: Microbial communities associated with roots play a crucial role in the growth and health of plants and are constantly influenced by plant development and alterations in the soil environment. Despite extensive rhizosphere microbiome research, studies examining multi-kingdom microbial variation across large-scale agricultural gradients remain limited.

Results: This study investigates the rhizosphere microbial communities associated with soybean across 13 diverse geographical locations in China.

Exploring Fungicide Sensitivity in Soybean Stem Blight Pathogen , Emphasizing Genetic Variability Impact on Response to SDHI Fungicides Fluopyram and Pydiflumetofen.

species are critical plant pathogens that contribute to a disease complex responsible for substantial yield losses in soybean production worldwide. However, reports on the primary species causing soybean stem blight and their sensitivity to various fungicides are scarce in China. In this study, a total of 46 strains were isolated and identified from diseased soybean stems and rots collected from 14 regions of Heilongjiang province in 2021 and 2022.

Neural representations of noncentral events during narrative encoding predict subsequent story ending originality.

On the basis of the confluence theories of creativity, creative ideation depends on forging links between existing memory traces. The synergy between memory and creative thought is well-established, but neural dynamics of memory integration for creativity are understudied. Here, we extended the traditional memory paradigm.

is a factor for inhibiting nucleopolyhedrovirus infection in silkworm, .

nucleopolyhedrovirus (AcMNPV) is a DNA virus with multiple host domains, and elucidating the mechanisms of its interactions with silkworms is crucial for its widespread use. Identifying key antiviral genes and analyzing their functions is an urgent task currently. Therefore, the identification and study of host genes associated with AcMNPV invasion is of great significance in solving the issue.

Integrative QTL mapping and candidate gene analysis for main stem node number in soybean.

Main stem node number (MSNN) is a key yield-related quantitative trait that directly affects the number of branches and seeds per soybean plant. In this study, a QTL mapping using SLAF sequencing and candidate gene analyses were used to determine the detailed genetic basis of MSNN across a diverse set of soybean line. This study investigated the variation characteristics of MSNN in 325 recombinant inbred lines (RILs) obtained from the hybridization of Qihuang 34 and Dongsheng 16.

The Role of the MAPK Signaling Pathway in Cardiovascular Disease: Pathophysiological Mechanisms and Clinical Therapy.

Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is a serious global health issue with high mortality rates worldwide. Despite the numerous advancements in the study of CVD pathogenesis in recent years, further summarization and elaboration of specific molecular pathways are required. An extensive body of research has been conducted to elucidate the association between the MAPK signaling pathway, which is present in all eukaryotic organisms, and the pathogenesis of cardiovascular disease.

Alexithymia shapes intersubject synchrony in brain activity during interoceptive sensation representations.

Alexithymia is a subclinical condition that affects individuals' processing of emotions. Emerging evidence suggests that alexithymia results from a multidomain and multidimensional interoceptive failure. Although extensive research has examined the relationship between alexithymia and interoception, less is known about how alexithymia modulates the brain activity evoked by interoceptive sensations.

Synthesis of the aggregation pheromone of .

Herbst is a destructive stored product pest. The aggregation pheromone of this pest was prepared via a new and effective strategy. The key steps include the ring-opening reaction of chiral 2-methyloxirane, the stereospecific inversion of chiral secondary tosylate, LiCuCl-catalyzed coupling of tosylate with Grignard reagent, and oxidation with RuCl/NaIO